A Membrane Ultrafiltration Procedure for Determining Diffusible Calcium in Serum

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Farese ◽  
Milton Mager ◽  
William F Blatt
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Normal Value ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean

Abstract A rapid, simple procedure is described for separating diffusible from proteinbound serum calcium by centrifugation through high-flux ultrafiltration membranes. The mean normal value for ultrafilterable calcium was 57.1% (range 52 to 61%) of the total serum calcium concentration.

scholarly journals Restless legs syndrome in patients with distal diabetic polyneuropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 512-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Smiljkovic ◽  
Svetlana Kostic-Dedic ◽  
Vesna Nikolic ◽  
Andjela Gavrilovic ◽  
Sanja Jevdjic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy

Introduction/Objective. An association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and etiologically different polyneuropathies is well established. However, the investigations about the prevalence of RLS in diabetic polyneuropathy (DP) have led to controversy. Our study objective was to determine the frequency of RLS in patients with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes and identify possible risk factors for its occurrence in this group of patients. Method. We investigated 101 consecutive patients with distal DP. RLS was diagnosed according to the International RLS Study Group diagnostic criteria. The distal symmetrical polyneuropathy was confirmed by the electromyoneurographic study performed in each patient. Results. Overall RLS was present in 27 (26.73%) patients. The comparison between patients with and without RLS revealed that the RLS+ group included more women than men (14.85/9.90% vs. 35.64/37.62%, non-significant), patients were significantly younger (60.58 ? 10.54 vs. 65.57 ? 10.94 years, p ? 0.05), sensory polyneuropathy was significantly more common (17/27 vs. 34/74, p ? 0.05); the average level of the total serum calcium concentration was higher in the RLS + group than in non-RLS (2.43 ? 0.26 vs. 2.28 ? 0.39; p ? 0.05). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis did not demonstrate these as significant independent risk factors for RLS in DP. Conclusions. RLS is common in DP and occurs in more than a quarter of these patients. Though sensory forms and higher total serum calcium concentration were associated with RLS, neither of these has been identified as a significant single risk factor for the development of RLS in DP.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of Derived Calcium Figures Based on the Measurement of Ionised Calcium

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D Gardner ◽  
Frances J Dryburgh ◽  
J A Fyffe ◽  
A S Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Clinical Usefulness ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Ionised Calcium ◽  
Calcium Status

The algorithms used in this hospital to assess calcium status are calculated ionised serum calcium and the serum calcium concentration adjusted for albumin. In order to establish their clinical usefulness, they were compared with the ionised calcium concentration measured on the Nova 2 instrument in patients with various calcium and protein abnormalities. Good correlation was found between the measured and calculated values. The predictive values for the calculated results and for total serum calcium concentrations are presented. In this series, the derived values were useful in predicting the serum ionised calcium concentration of the patients studied.

Neurologic Sequelae Associated with Foscarnet Therapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Lor ◽  
Yong Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cns Lesions

OBJECTIVE: To report three cases of possible foscarnet-induced neurologic sequelae. CASE SUMMARY: We report two cases of seizures and one case of hand cramping and finger paresthesia after starting foscarnet therapy with no evidence of predisposing risk factors, such as serum laboratory abnormalities, renal dysfunction, or known central nervous system (CNS) involvement. All three patients had stable laboratory values during therapy and when the neurologic adverse effects occurred. All patients were receiving appropriate dosages of foscarnet. DISCUSSION: The incidence of seizures in AIDS patients was reviewed. A history of CNS lesions, infections, and/or AIDS per se may increase the risk of a neurologic adverse effect while receiving foscarnet therapy. Acute ionized hypocalcemia may cause these neurologic adverse effects. Ionized hypocalcemia is transitory, is related to the rate of foscarnet infusion, and may not be reflected as a change in total serum calcium concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Foscarnet probably contributed to the neurologic adverse effects reported here. Foscarnet may need to be administered at a slower rate than is recommended by the manufacturer. Electrolytes must be monitored closely; however, a neurologic adverse effect may not be foreseen.

Secretion of calcium by rat submandibular gland

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Dreisbach
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Transient Phase ◽  
Secretory Rate ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rat Submandibular Gland ◽  
Calcium Loss ◽  
Mean Concentration

The mean concentration of calcium in rat submandibular gland saliva after maximal pilocarpine stimulation was initially 3.2 µEq/gm and gradually fell during the 1st hour to 0.93 µEq/gm. The final concentration was approximately 30% of the concentration of calcium in the serum ultrafiltrate whether the total serum calcium was normal or elevated threefold by the infusion of calcium chloride. At the end of the transient phase, the gland calcium concentration was from 28 to 57% less than the initial gland concentration depending upon the type of anesthesia used. The calcium loss from the gland correlated well with the excess calcium secreted in the saliva during the transient phase. After the initial transient phase was ended, the saliva calcium concentration bore an inverse relationship to the secretory rate and was directly proportional to the serum ultrafiltrate calcium concentration.

scholarly journals Hypercalcemia in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis in Abuja, Nigeria

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Dosumu ◽  
JA Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hypercalcemia has not previously been determined in newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) patients in Nigeria.OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of hypercalcemia in Nigerian patients with newly diagnosed TB before the commencement of anti-TB treatment.METHODS: The present study is a prospective examination of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed TB confirmed by bacteriological and/or histological methods at the National Hospital (Abuja, Nigeria) from January 2004 to December 2004.RESULTS: Of 120 patients (70 males and 50 females), 70 had pulmonary TB, 10 had pulmonary and pleural TB, 20 had pleural TB without radiographic evidence of lung involvement, 18 had various other forms of extrapulmonary TB and two had disseminated TB. The mean age of the patients was 38.3±12.0 years. The mean albumin-adjusted serum calcium concentration was 2.53±0.22 mmol/L. Hypercalcemia was present in 27.5% of the patients, but only 12% of these patients showed symptoms of hypercalcemia. The type of TB and, in the case of pulmonary TB, the extent of lung involvement, had no effect on the serum calcium concentration.CONCLUSION: Hypercalcemia is not uncommon among Nigerian patients with newly diagnosed TB, but it is rarely symptomatic.

scholarly journals Serum calcium levels in newly detected essential hypertensive patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539
Author(s):  
Arumugam Aashish ◽  
Jayasingh Kannaiyan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Mortality

Background: Systemic hypertension is global disease responsible for significant mortality and morbidity. Essential or primary hypertension accounts for the majority of people with hypertension. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology of essential hypertension has grown a lot, its aetiology still remains hypothetical. Few studies in literature have found some correlation with serum calcium levels and blood pressure of the individuals.Methods: A total 200 patients, 100 newly diagnosed essential hypertensive and 100 normotensive patients were included in the study. A detailed history and clinical profile was taken. Blood sample was collected and serum calcium, serum albumin were determined and corrected calcium was calculated and the results were tabulated and appropriate statistical analysis was done.Results: The mean total serum calcium and corrected calcium levels were significantly lowered in essential hypertensive compared to the normotensive individuals. There was no correlation between total serum and corrected calcium levels against systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was also no difference in serum total and corrected calcium levels among different subsets in essential hypertensive group.Conclusion: Essential hypertension still remains the most common form of hypertension present worldwide causing significant mortality and morbidity. Despite increased advances in medicine and large number of studies done in context with the cause of essential hypertension, its aetiology still remains hypothetical. Even though studies have shown some correlation of calcium fractions with hypertension, the aetiology is still unclear.

scholarly journals Hysteresis of the parathyroid hormone response to hypocalcemia in hemodialysis patients with low turnover aluminum bone disease.

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1136-1143
Author(s):  
A J Felsenfeld ◽  
D Ross ◽  
M Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pth Level

During the study of parathyroid function in 19 hemodialysis patients with low turnover aluminum bone disease, it was observed that serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were higher during the induction of hypocalcemia than during the recovery from hypocalcemia. This type of PTH response has been termed hysteresis. Hypocalcemia was induced during hemodialysis with a calcium-free dialysate. When the total serum calcium level decreased to 7 mg/dL, the dialysate calcium concentration was changed to 3.5 mEq/L and the dialysis session was completed. One week later, hypercalcemia was induced during hemodialysis with a high-calcium dialysate. The mean basal PTH level was 132 +/- 37 pg/mL (normal, 10 to 65 pg/mL; immunoradiometric (IRMA), Nichols Institute, San Juan Capistrano, CA) and increased to a maximal PTH level of 387 +/- 91 pg/mL during hypocalcemia. For the same ionized calcium concentration, the PTH level was higher during the induction of hypocalcemia than during the recovery from hypocalcemia. Conversely, for the same ionized calcium concentration, the PTH level was greater when hypercalcemia was induced from the nadir of hypocalcemia than when hypercalcemia was induced from basal serum calcium. The set point of calcium (defined as the serum calcium concentration required to reduce maximal PTH by 50%) was greater during the induction of hypocalcemia than during the recovery from hypocalcemia (4.44 +/- 0.10 versus 4.25 +/- 0.09 mg/dL; P = 0.03). The mean basal ionized calcium concentration and the mean ionized calcium concentration at the intersection of the two PTH-calcium curves were the same (4.61 +/- 0.13 versus 4.61 +/- 0.12 mg/dL).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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