Glycated Hemoglobin A1c, Fasting Plasma Glucose, and Two-Hour Postchallenge Plasma Glucose Levels in Relation to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Chinese with Normal Glucose Tolerance

Twelve newborn infants, 2 to 8 days old, of gestational (IGDM) and insulin-requiring (IDM) diabetic mothers responded to intravenous tolbutamide (20 mg/kg) with abnormally large decreases in plasma glucose and marked rises in plasma insulin (the latter was measured only in IGDM). Only 3 of 13 IGDM tested with leucine had significant decreases in plasma glucose. Newborn infants of normal mothers showed no changes in glucose or insulin in response to intravenous tolbutamide, and one of five had a small decrease in glucose levels after leucine. The results suggest the presence of large stores of pancreatic insulin in newborn infants of diabetic mothers which are more readily released by stimulation with tolbutamide than with leucine. The offspring of the diabetic women were restudied at 2 years of age for their response to intravenous tolbutamide and oral glucose. Seven of nine children had normal glucose and insulin levels after intravenous tolbutamide, and two had abnormally low glucose levels with high insulin levels. Three of the nine had normal glucose tolerance with normal insulin levels. The other six had abnormally elevated glucose levels which varied in duration from one-half to 2 hours. Four of the six had an accompanying hyperinsulinemia; two, who had diabetic glucose tolerance, had poor insulin responses. The findings in the 2-year-old children support a concept that the fetal environment provided by a diabetic woman has effects on carbohydrate tolerance which extend beyond the newborn period.

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Association Between Fasting Blood Glucose and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients With Normal Glucose Tolerance

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc12-1924 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. e66-e67

Author(s):

K. H. Son ◽

N. K. Lim ◽

H. W. Chung ◽

K. Jeong ◽

W. B. Pyun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Normal Glucose

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The Comparison of Glycated Hemoglobin and Homeostasis Model Assessment Values to 30, 60 and 90-Min Glucose Levels During OGTT in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance

Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.2478/jomb-2014-0017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 237-244

Author(s):

Şerif Ercan ◽

Nihal Yücel ◽

Asuman Orçun

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glycated Hemoglobin ◽

Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Normal Glucose ◽

Optimal Values

Abstract Background: The subjects with impaired glucose tolerance have an increased risk for future type 2 diabetes (T2DM); however, a significant number of individuals who develop T2DM have normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at baseline. The study aims to compare glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) levels to 30, 60 and 90-min glucose levels in subjects with NGT. Methods: A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120-min was performed in 1118 subjects without known T2DM. Blood samples were also drawn for fasting insulin and HbA1C levels. Results: Forty percent of the subjects with NGT had increased post-challenge values above the determined optimal glucose levels (10.2, 10.3 and 8.9 mmol/L at 30, 60 and 90-min, respectively). Compared to the subjects with NGT whose glucose levels were below the determined optimal values at 30, 60 and 90-min, we found significantly elevated HbA1C and HOMA-IR levels in the subjects with NGT whose glucose levels were above the determined optimal values (p<0.001). Conclusions: We conclude that the subjects with NGT have different HbA1C and HOMA-IR levels considering glucose levels measured earlier than at 2-h during OGTT. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to define the significance of 30-min, 60-min and 90-min glucose levels in the prediction of disease in subjects with T2DM.

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