scholarly journals Elevated Fetal Adipsin/Acylation-Stimulating Protein (ASP) in Obese Pregnancy: Novel Placental Secretion via Hofbauer Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 4113-4122 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sivakumar ◽  
M. F. Bari ◽  
A. Adaikalakoteswari ◽  
S. Guller ◽  
M. O. Weickert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Acylation Stimulating Protein ◽  
Hofbauer Cells ◽  
Placental Macrophages ◽  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Context and Objective: Obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased risks of obesity in the offspring. We investigated the relationship between obesity in pregnancy and circulating maternal and fetal levels of adipose tissue-derived factors adipsin and acylation stimulating protein (ASP) in lean and obese mothers. Design: Paired peripheral and cord blood samples were taken. Paired fat and placenta tissue were taken for explant culture. Media were assayed for secreted adipsin and ASP. Clinical parameters assayed included fasting insulin, glucose, and adipsin. Setting: The study was conducted at a university hospital maternity unit. Patients: Patients included 35 lean [body mass index (BMI) 19–25 kg/m2, mean age 32 years and 39 obese (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, mean age 32.49 years] pregnant Caucasian women, delivered by cesarean section at term. Main Outcome Measure: Identification of placental macrophages [Hofbauer cells (HBCs)], as a source of adipsin and ASP was determined. Results: HBCs secreted both adipsin and ASP. Cord levels of adipsin (1663.78 ± 52.76 pg/mL) and ASP (354.48 ± 17.17 ng/mL) were significantly elevated in the offspring of obese mothers compared with their lean controls [1354.66 ± 33.87 pg/mL and 302.63 ± 14.98 ng/mL, respectively (P < .05 for both)]. Placentae from obese mothers released significantly more adipsin and ASP than placentae from lean mothers [546.0 ± 44 pg/mL · g vs 284.56 ± 43 pg/mL · g and 5485.75 ± 163.32 ng/mL · g vs 2399.16 ± 181.83 ng/mL · g, respectively (P < .05 for both)]. Circulating fetal adipsin and ASP positively correlated with maternal BMI (r = 0.611, P < .0001, and r = 0.391, P < .05, respectively). Fetal adipsin correlated positively with maternal (r = 0.482, P < .01) and fetal homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.465, P < .01). Conclusions: We demonstrate novel secretion of adipsin and ASP by placental HBCs.

Acute abdomen in pregnancy: a retrospective study of pregnant patients hospitalised for abdominal pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Abdominal Emergency ◽  
Lower Abdominal Quadrant ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abdominal Quadrant ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: Abdominal emergencies occur in pregnant women with the rate of 1:500−635 pregnancies. Such conditions usually develop from full health and worsen rapidly. Symptoms are often similar to those in physiological pregnancy (abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation). The diagnostic process is thus difficult and both the mother and her child are at risk. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of abdominal emergencies in the Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and to consider their impact on pregnancy and on the newborn. Methods: We acquired a set of patients by retrograde collection of data. We searched for pregnant patients suspected of developing an abdominal emergency admitted to the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pilsen between 2004 and 2015. We evaluated a number of clinical signs to statistically describe the set. Results: The set included 121 patients; 42 of the patients underwent a surgical procedure and 79 received conservative treatment. 38 patients underwent appendectomy; 6 appendixes were with no pathologies. McBurney’s incision was an approach of choice in most cases. The most frequent symptom was pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant. The foetus has been lost in none of the cases. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis was the most frequent abdominal emergency in our set and also the most frequent reason for surgical intervention. The most specific sign was pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant. No impact of appendicitis or appendectomy on the health of the newborn has been observed. Even though abdominal emergencies in pregnancy are relatively rare, the results of the department are very good.

Why glycated albumin decreases in pregnancy? Evidences from a prospective study on physiological pregnancies of Caucasian women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Paleari ◽  
Elena Succurro ◽  
Elvira Angotti ◽  
Elisabetta Torlone ◽  
Antonella Caroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Glycated Albumin ◽  
Caucasian Women ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
In Pregnancy

Applying a social disparities lens to obesity in pregnancy to inform efforts to intervene

Midwifery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Sutherland ◽  
Stephanie Brown ◽  
Jane Yelland
Keyword(s):  
Social Disparities ◽  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Fetoplacental Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction as an Early Phenomenon in the Programming of Human Adult Diseases in Subjects Born from Gestational Diabetes Mellitus or Obesity in Pregnancy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Leiva ◽  
Fabián Pardo ◽  
Marco A. Ramírez ◽  
Marcelo Farías ◽  
Paola Casanello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Metabolic Marker ◽  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obesity in pregnancy (OP) are pathological conditions associated with placenta vascular dysfunction coursing with metabolic changes at the fetoplacental microvascular and macrovascular endothelium. These alterations are seen as abnormal expression and activity of the cationic amino acid transporters and endothelial nitric oxide synthase isoform, that is, the “endothelial L-arginine/nitric oxide signalling pathway.” Several studies suggest that the endogenous nucleoside adenosine along with insulin, and potentially arginases, are factors involved in GDM-, but much less information regards their role in OP-associated placental vascular alterations. There is convincing evidence that GDM and OP prone placental endothelium to an “altered metabolic state” leading to fetal programming evidenced at birth, a phenomenon associated with future development of chronic diseases. In this paper it is suggested that this pathological state could be considered as a metabolic marker that could predict occurrence of diseases in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus (including gestational diabetes), and metabolic syndrome.

Obesity in pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Arnolds ◽  
Barbara M. Scavone
Keyword(s):  
Obesity In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy
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