Increased Microglial Activation in the Brain of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients Detected Using [11C]PK11195 PET (S21.003)

Neurology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (Meeting Abstracts 1) ◽  
pp. S21.003-S21.003
Author(s):  
E. Rissanen ◽  
J. Tuisku ◽  
J. Virta ◽  
T. Paavilainen ◽  
R. Parkkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205521731878334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Coret ◽  
Francisco C Pérez-Miralles ◽  
Francisco Gascón ◽  
Carmen Alcalá ◽  
Arantxa Navarré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Background Disease-modifying therapies are thought to reduce the conversion rate to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Objective To explore the rate, chronology, and contributing factors of conversion to the progressive phase in treated relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Our study included 204 patients treated for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis between 1995 and 2002, prospectively followed to date. Kaplan–Meier analysis was applied to estimate the time until secondary progressive multiple sclerosis conversion, and multivariate survival analysis with a Cox regression model was used to analyse prognostic factors. Results Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients were continuously treated for 13 years (SD 4.5); 36.3% converted to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis at a mean age of 42.6 years (SD 10.6), a mean time of 8.2 years (SD 5.2) and an estimated mean time of 17.2 years (range 17.1–18.1). A multifocal relapse, age older than 34 years at disease onset and treatment failure independently predicted conversion to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis but did not influence the time to reach an Expanded Disability Status Scale of 6.0. Conclusions The favourable influence of disease-modifying therapies on long-term disability in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis is well established. However, the time to progression onset and the subsequent clinical course in treated patients seem similar to those previously reported in natural history studies. More studies are needed to clarify the effect of disease-modifying therapies once the progressive phase has been reached.

scholarly journals RORγt Expression and Lymphoid Neogenesis in the Brain of Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 877-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Serafini ◽  
Barbara Rosicarelli ◽  
Caterina Veroni ◽  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Camilla Reali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Phonological Fluency Strategy of Switching Differentiates Relapsing-Remitting and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Messinis ◽  
M. H. Kosmidis ◽  
C. Vlahou ◽  
A. C. Malegiannaki ◽  
G. Gatzounis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Fluency Task

The strategies used to perform a verbal fluency task appear to be reflective of cognitive abilities necessary for successful daily functioning. In the present study, we explored potential differences in verbal fluency strategies (switching and clustering) used to maximize word production by patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) versus patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). We further assessed impairment rates and potential differences in the sensitivity and specificity of phonological versus semantic verbal fluency tasks in discriminating between those with a diagnosis of MS and healthy adults. We found that the overall rate of impaired verbal fluency in our MS sample was consistent with that in other studies. However, we found no differences between types of MS (SPMS, RRMS), on semantic or phonological fluency word production, or the strategies used to maximize semantic fluency. In contrast, we found that the number of switches differed significantly in the phonological fluency task between the SPMS and RRMS subtypes. The clinical utility of semantic versus phonological fluency in discriminating MS patients from healthy controls did not indicate any significant differences. Further, the strategies used to maximize performance did not differentiate MS subgroups or MS patients from healthy controls.

scholarly journals Lower levels of glutathione in the brains of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients measured by 1H magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging at 3 T

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Y Choi ◽  
S-P Lee ◽  
DR Denney ◽  
SG Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Chemical Shift Imaging ◽  
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
The Brain

Background: Disability levels for patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) often worsen despite a stable MRI T2 lesion burden. The presence of oxidative stress in the absence of measurable inflammation could help explain this phenomenon. In this study, the assessment of an in vivo marker of oxidative stress, cerebral glutathione (GSH), using magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging (CSI) is described, and GSH levels were compared in patients with SPMS and healthy controls. Objective: To assess whether GSH, a key antioxidant in the brain, is lower in the SPMS patients compared to matched controls. Methods: Seventeen patients with SPMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale = 4.0–7.0; length of MS diagnosis = 19.4 ± 7 years) and 17 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were studied. GSH levels were measured in the fronto-parietal regions of the brain using a specially designed magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique, CSI of GSH, at 3T. Results: The levels of GSH were lower for SPMS patients than for controls, the largest reduction (18.5%) being in the frontal region ( p = 0.001). Conclusion: The lower GSH levels in these patients indicate the presence of oxidative stress in SPMS. This process could be at least partially responsible for ongoing functional decline in SPMS.

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