City of Workers, City of Struggle: How Labor Movements Changed New York

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Nick Juravich
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Labor Movements

Font Poster: Creative Method of Designers from Different Cultural Regions of the Alphabetic Writing System (Based on the Materials of the Collection “The 4th BLOCK: Museum, Archive, Laboratory”)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
T. Ivanenko ◽  
◽  
О. Mudalige ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Font Design ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
The Media ◽  
Experimental Findings

The article highlights the features of the font poster from the collection of “The 4th BLOCK: Museum, Archive, Laboratory” (further – “The 4th BLOСK: MAL”) by four leading contemporary designers from different cultural regions of the alphabetical writing system, namely: Paul Peter Piech (UK), Paula Troxler (Switzerland), Parisa Tashakori (Iran), Paula Scher (USA). Attention is paid to the peculiarities of their creative methods, experimental findings, specifics of compositional means and methods of font design. An attempt is made to assume and find out whether the mentality and worldview universals of each nation affect the specificity of cultural works of a particular country, in particular, the font used in the design of the poster. Thus, the fact that Paul Peter Piech belonged to English culture with its industrial orientation, the flourishing of the media business and labor movements, was reflected in the character of his font. Raised in the tradition of Swiss design, Paula Troxler deliberately destroys the spatial unity of the font composition. The unicity of Parisa Tashakori’s font posters lies in the attempt of the woman-designer to emphasize the contradictions in society between the need for emancipation and the need to return a woman to her traditional roles. The author, as the heir to the Iranian culture of calligraphic inscriptions, uses a single complex of font composition with the involvement of images. Paula Scher’s work is inspired by the urban graffiti language, the networked structure of New York streets and the geometric volumes of high-rise buildings. In the context of current trends and searches in the field of font posters, the prospects for further methodological analysis of the creative achievements in the design environment of individual countries and their awareness within the framework of the research nature of the work are identified. The directions in further research of the visual language of the font poster from the collection of the “The 4th BLOСK: MAL” are determined, taking into account the realities of “metamodernism”.

Italian-Uruguayans for Free Italy: Serafino Romualdi's Quest for Transnational Anti-Fascist Networks during World War II

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-273
Author(s):  
Pedro Cameselle-Pesce
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
South America ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn 1941, the well-known international Cold War actor Serafino Romualdi traveled to South America for the first time. As a representative of the New York-based Mazzini Society, Romualdi sought to grow a robust anti-fascist movement among South America's Italian communities, finding the most success in Uruguay. As Romualdi conducted his tour of South America, he began writing a series of reports on local fascist activities, which caught the attention of officials at the Office of the Coordinator for Inter-American Affairs (OCIAA), a US government agency under the direction of Nelson Rockefeller. The OCIAA would eventually tap Romualdi and his growing connections in South America to gather intelligence concerning Italian and German influence in the region. This investigation sheds light on the critical function that Romualdi and his associates played in helping the US government to construct the initial scaffolding necessary to orchestrate various strategies under the umbrella of OCIAA-sponsored cultural diplomacy. Despite his limited success with Italian anti-fascist groups in Latin America, Romualdi's experience in the region during the early 1940s primed him to become an effective agent for the US government with a shrewd understanding of the value in shaping local labor movements during the Cold War.

Ronaldo Munck and Peter Waterman, eds., Labour Worldwide in the Era of Globalization: Alternative Union Models in the New World Order. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. vii + 269 pp. $79.95 cloth.

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Michael Hanagan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
World Order ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Mass Politics ◽  
Feminist Movements ◽  
National Trade ◽  
Political Scene

In the wake of the Russian Revolution, labor radicals believed that they had discovered the ideal organizational form: internationally affiliated parties of professional revolutionaries to coordinate the activities of national trade unions and mass political parties toward revolutionary ends. Communist “vanguard” parties proved capable of mobilizing masses but also of imposing dictatorial control over entire labor movements and for decades defended Joseph Stalin's hecatombs. Many of today's labor militants have ransacked the contemporary political scene for alternative methods of bringing unions into mass politics. The provocative and important collection edited by Ronaldo Munck and Peter Waterman argues that labor radicals should emulate social movements such as the peace, environmental, and feminist movements.

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