Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Cerebral Ischemia in Cats

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Kobayashi ◽  
Minoru Hayashi ◽  
Hirokazu Kawano ◽  
Yuji Handa ◽  
Masanori Kabuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The energy metabolism of the brain was measured in three types of ischemic models in the cat using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The cerebral ischemia was produced as follows. In Group 1, two balloons were inflated in the left subclavian artery and the brachiocephalic trunk. In Group 2, the left middle cerebral artery was occluded through a transorbital approach. A combination of the two was employed in Group 3. Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectra were obtained serially during 2 hours of ischemia. Immediately after occlusion, peaks of phospho-creatine and adenosine triphosphate decreased, whereas the peak of inorganic phosphate increased and split in two. Intracellular pH determined by chemical shift of the inorganic phosphate peak decreased. These changes were more pronounced in Group 3 when compared with the other groups. Histological study showed no infarction in Group 1 and infarcted areas in Groups 2 and 3. The size of the infarcted area in Group 3 was larger than that in Group 2. These results suggest that the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion potentiated with the occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery by balloon catheters is a reliable stroke model and that phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy is useful to understand the pathophysiological state of cerebral ischemia in vivo.

scholarly journals Análisis espectroscópico del precipitado formado por la mezcla de hipoclorito de sodio y clorhexidina utilizando resonancia magnética nuclear

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Marianella Benavides DDS ◽  
Erick Hernández DDS ◽  
Víctor Soto
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Commercial Sample ◽  
Solid Precipitate ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to determine the presence of para-chloroaniline  (PCA) obtained by the mixture of 5,25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR-H-1) at 600MHz. Initially a  commercial sample of 98% PCA (group 1: GPCA) was analyzed by NMRH-1 combining it with dimethylsulfoxide perdeuterated as solvent, in order to obtain the basal spectra.  Ten samples were then prepared by combining equal amounts of  5,25%NaOCl and 2%CHX (group 2:GHC) (PROPORTION 1:1 v/v) by manual stirring. Each sample was then spinned for 10 minutes at 25Cº, in order to eliminate the supernatant and to obtain the precipitate, which was prepared at dry vacuum to finally isolate the solid precipitate. The precipitate was again dissolved in d6-DMSO to perform the NMR.H-1 analysis. Commercial PCA showed a distinctive spectra, with  a characteristic double sign at 7.02-7.03 ppm and 6.58-6.59 ppm. Experimental samples lack of this distinctive  spectra, instead, they all showed a complex combination of signs, which none correspond to pure PCA.

Regional Cerebral Plasma Volume Response to Carbon Dioxide Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging 

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Payen ◽  
Albert Vath ◽  
Blanche Koenigsberg ◽  
Virginie Bourlier ◽  
Michel Decorps
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Agent Group ◽  
Group 1

Background Noninvasive techniques used to determine the changes in cerebral blood volume in response to carbon dioxide are hampered by their limited spatial or temporal resolution or both. Using steady state contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, the authors determined regional changes in cerebral plasma volume (CPV) induced by hypercapnia in halothane-anesthetized rats. Methods Cerebral plasma volume was determined during normocapnia, hypercapnia and recovery in the dorsoparietal neocortex and striatum of each hemisphere, in cerebellum, and in extracerebral tissue of rats with either intact carotid arteries (group 1) or unilateral common carotid ligation (group 2). Another group was studied without injection of a contrast agent (group 3). Results Hypercapnia (partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood [PaCO2] approximately 65 mmHg) resulted in a significant increase in CPV in the striatum (+42 +/- 8%), neocortex (+34 +/- 6%), and cerebellum (+49 +/- 12%) compared with normocapnic CPV values (group 1). Carotid ligation (group 2) led to a marked reduction of the CPV response to hypercapnia in the ipsilateral striatum (+23 +/- 14%) and neocortex (+27 +/- 17%) compared with the unclamped side (+34 +/- 15% and +38 +/- 16%, respectively). No significant changes in CPV were found in extracerebral tissue. In both groups, the CPV changes were reversed by the carbon dioxide washout period. Negligible changes in contrast imaging were detected during hypercapnia without administration of the contrast agent (group 3). Conclusions The contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging technique is sensitive to detect noninvasively regional CPV changes induced by hypercapnia in rat brain. This could be of clinical interest for determining the cerebrovascular reactivity among different brain regions.

A review of in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cerebral ischemia in rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
K L Malisza ◽  
P Kozlowski ◽  
J Peeling
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Dichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ischemic Damage

A number of metabolic alterations are initiated by cerebral ischemia including dramatic increases in lactate concentration, decreases in N-acetylaspartate, choline, and creatine concentrations, as well as changes in amino acid levels. A review of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of focal and global cerebral ischemia in rats is presented here. In particular, studies in neonatal rats have shown that a continued elevation of lactate levels without recovery after hypoxia-ischemia or a decrease in N-acetylaspartate concentration at any time are indicative of deleterious outcome. Studies of the effect of temperature on ischemic damage in a model of focal ischemia showed that outcome improved with mild hypothermia. Again, lack of recovery of lactate upon reperfusion was shown to be indicative of poor outcome. Dichloroacetic acid was used to treat rats with focal ischemic damage. Animals subjected to transient ischemia that were treated with dichloroacetic acid showed significant decreases in lactate concentration.Key words: NMR, in vivo, rat, cerebral ischemia.

Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cerebral ischemia in cats

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
H Kobayashi ◽  
M Hayashi ◽  
H Kawano ◽  
Y Handa ◽  
M Kabuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy

scholarly journals Influence of hyperglycemia on cerebral ischemia studied by in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Kurigayashi ◽  
Hiroaki Naritomi ◽  
Masahiro Sasaki ◽  
Masaru Kanashiro ◽  
Tetsuzo Tagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy

Effects of electromagnetic radiation produced by 3G mobile phones on rat brains: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy, biochemical, and histopathological evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dogan ◽  
MG Turtay ◽  
H Oguzturk ◽  
E Samdanci ◽  
Y Turkoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
3G Mobile Phone ◽  
Brain Tissues

Objective: The effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) produced by a third-generation (3G) mobile phone (MP) on rat brain tissues were investigated in terms of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), biochemistry, and histopathological evaluations. Methods: The rats were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 is composed of 3G-EMR-exposed rats ( n = 9) and Group 2 is the control group ( n = 9). The first group was subjected to EMR for 20 days. The control group was not exposed to EMR. Choline (Cho), creatinin (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels were evaluated by MRS. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities were measured by spectrophotometric method. Histopathological analyses were carried out to evaluate apoptosis in the brain tissues of both groups. Results: In MRS, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho ratios were not significantly different between Groups 1 and 2. Neither the oxidative stress parameters, CAT and GSH-Px, nor the number of apoptotic cells were significantly different between Groups 1 and 2. Conclusions: Usage of short-term 3G MP does not seem to have a harmful effect on rat brain tissue.

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