Characterization of HNK-1 antigens during the formation of the avian enteric nervous system

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Luider ◽  
M.J. Peters-van der Sanden ◽  
J.C. Molenaar ◽  
D. Tibboel ◽  
A.W. van der Kamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Membrane Glycoproteins ◽  
Cell Colonization ◽  
Crest Cell

During vertebrate embryogenesis, interaction between neural crest cells and the enteric mesenchyme gives rise to the development of the enteric nervous system. In birds, monoclonal antibody HNK-1 is a marker for neural crest cells from the entire rostrocaudal axis. In this study, we aimed to characterize the HNK-1 carrying cells and antigen(s) during the formation of the enteric nervous system in the hindgut. Immunohistological findings showed that HNK-1-positive mesenchymal cells are present in the gut prior to neural crest cell colonization. After neural crest cell colonization this cell type cannot be visualized anymore with the HNK-1 antibody. We characterized the HNK-1 antigens that are present before and after neural crest cell colonization of the hindgut. Immunoblot analysis of plasma membranes from embryonic hindgut revealed a wide array of HNK-1-carrying glycoproteins. We found that two HNK-1 antigens are present in E4 hindgut prior to neural crest cell colonization and that the expression of these antigens disappears after neural crest colonization. These two membrane glycoproteins, G-42 and G-44, have relative molecular masses of 42,000 and 44,000, respectively, and they both have isoelectric points of 5.5 under reducing conditions. We suggest that these HNK-1 antigens and the HNK-1-positive mesenchymal cells have some role in the formation of the enteric nervous system.

scholarly journals A neural crest cell isotropic-to-nematic phase transition in the developing mammalian gut

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas R. Chevalier ◽  
Yanis Ammouche ◽  
Anthony Gomis ◽  
Lucas Langlois ◽  
Thomas Guilbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Nematic Phase ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Crest Cell

AbstractWhile the colonization of the embryonic gut by neural crest cells has been the subject of intense scrutiny over the past decades, we are only starting to grasp the morphogenetic transformations of the enteric nervous system happening in the fetal stage. Here, we show that enteric neural crest cell transit during fetal development from an isotropic cell network to a square grid comprised of circumferentially-oriented cell bodies and longitudinally-extending interganglionic fibers. We present ex-vivo dynamic time-lapse imaging of this isotropic-to-nematic phase transition and show that it occurs concomitantly with circular smooth muscle differentiation in all regions of the gastrointestinal tract. Using conditional mutant embryos with enteric neural crest cells depleted of β1-integrins, we show that cell-extracellular matrix anchorage is necessary for ganglia to properly reorient. We demonstrate by whole mount second harmonic generation imaging that fibrous, circularly-spun collagen I fibers are in direct contact with neural crest cells during the orientation transition, providing an ideal orientation template. We conclude that smooth-muscle associated extracellular matrix drives a critical reorientation transition of the enteric nervous system in the mammalian fetus.

Neural crest cell (NCC) receptors and neurotrophins in the developing murine enteric nervous system

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. A595
Author(s):  
Jolanta E. Pitera ◽  
Virpi V. Smith ◽  
Peter J. Milia
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Crest Cell

scholarly journals BMP signaling is necessary for neural crest cell migration and ganglion formation in the enteric nervous system

2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan M. Goldstein ◽  
Katherine C. Brewer ◽  
Adele M. Doyle ◽  
Nandor Nagy ◽  
Drucilla J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Neural Crest Cell Migration ◽  
Crest Cell

Analysis of the Sacral Neural Crest Cell Contribution to the Hindgut Enteric Nervous System in the Mouse Embryo

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 992-1002.e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Alex K.K. Chan ◽  
Mai Har Sham ◽  
Alan J. Burns ◽  
Wood Yee Chan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Sacral Neural Crest ◽  
Crest Cell

scholarly journals Neural Crest Cell Implantation Restores Enteric Nervous System Function and Alters the Gastrointestinal Transcriptome in Human Tissue-Engineered Small Intestine

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Schlieve ◽  
Kathryn L. Fowler ◽  
Matthew Thornton ◽  
Sha Huang ◽  
Ibrahim Hajjali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
System Function ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Crest Cell ◽  
Cell Implantation

Requirement of signalling by receptor tyrosine kinase RET for the directed migration of enteric nervous system progenitor cells during mammalian embryogenesis

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (22) ◽  
pp. 5151-5160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipa Natarajan ◽  
Camelia Marcos-Gutierrez ◽  
Vassilis Pachnis ◽  
Esther de Graaff
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cell Migration ◽  
Crest Cell

The majority of neurones and glia of the enteric nervous system (ENS) are derived from the vagal neural crest. Shortly after emigration from the neural tube, ENS progenitors invade the anterior foregut and, migrating in a rostrocaudal direction, colonise in an orderly fashion the rest of the foregut, the midgut and the hindgut. We provide evidence that activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase RET by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is required for the directional migration of ENS progenitors towards and within the gut wall. We find that neural crest-derived cells present within foetal small intestine explants migrate towards an exogenous source of GDNF in a RET-dependent fashion. Consistent with an in vivo role of GDNF in the migration of ENS progenitors, we demonstrate that Gdnf is expressed at high levels in the gut of mouse embryos in a spatially and temporally regulated manner. Thus, during invasion of the foregut by vagal-derived neural crest cells, expression of Gdnf was restricted to the mesenchyme of the stomach, ahead of the invading NC cells. Twenty-four hours later and as the ENS progenitors were colonising the midgut,Gdnf expression was upregulated in a more posterior region —the caecum anlage. In further support of a role of endogenous GDNF in enteric neural crest cell migration, we find that in explant cultures GDNF produced by caecum is sufficient to attract NC cells residing in more anterior gut segments. In addition, two independently generated loss-of-function alleles of murine Ret, Ret.k— and miRet51, result in characteristic defects of neural crest cell migration within the developing gut. Finally, we identify phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and the mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathways as playing crucial roles in the migratory response of enteric neural crest cells to GDNF.

scholarly journals Avian neural crest cell attachment to laminin: involvement of divalent cation dependent and independent integrins

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lallier ◽  
M. Bronner-Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Cell Adherence ◽  
Beta 1 Integrin ◽  
Crest Cell

The mechanisms of neural crest cell interaction with laminin were explored using a quantitative cell attachment assay. With increasing substratum concentrations, an increasing percentage of neural crest cells adhere to laminin. Cell adhesion at all substratum concentrations was inhibited by the CSAT antibody, which recognizes the chick beta 1 subunit of integrin, suggesting that beta 1-integrins mediate neural crest cell interactions with laminin. The HNK-1 antibody, which recognizes a carbohydrate epitope, inhibited neural crest cell attachment to laminin at low coating concentrations (greater than 1 microgram ml-1; Low-LM), but not at high coating concentration of laminin (10 micrograms ml-1; High-LM). Attachment to Low-LM occurred in the absence of divalent cations, whereas attachment to High-LM required greater than 0.1 mM Ca2+ or Mn2+. Neural crest cell adherence to the E8 fragment of laminin, derived from its long arm, was similar to that on intact laminin at high and low coating concentrations, suggesting that this fragment contains the neural crest cell binding site(s). The HNK-1 antibody recognizes a protein of 165,000 Mr which is also found in immunoprecipitates using antibodies against the beta 1 subunit of integrin and is likely to be an integrin alpha subunit or an integrin-associated protein. Our results suggest that the HNK-1 epitope on neural crest cells is present on or associated with a novel or differentially glycosylated form of beta 1-integrin, which recognizes laminin in the apparent absence of divalent cations. We conclude that neural crest cells have at least two functionally independent means of attachment to laminin which are revealed at different substratum concentrations and/or conformations of laminin.

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