Influence of Drosophila ventral epidermal development by the CNS midline cells and spitz class genes

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Kim ◽  
S.T. Crews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Cns Midline ◽  
Midline Cells ◽  
Enhancer Trap Lines ◽  
Epidermal Development

The ventral epidermis of Drosophila melanogaster is derived from longitudinal rows of ectodermal precursor cells that divide and expand to form the ventral embryonic surface. The spitz class genes are required for the proper formation of the larval ventral cuticle. Using a group of enhancer trap lines that stain subsets of epidermal cells, it is shown here that spitz class gene function is necessary for ventral epidermal development and gene expression. Analysis of single-minded mutant embryos implies that ventral epidermal cell fate is influenced by the CNS midline cells.

scholarly journals Resolution of Cell Fate Decisions Revealed by Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis from Zygote to Blastocyst

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoji Guo ◽  
Mikael Huss ◽  
Guo Qing Tong ◽  
Chaoyang Wang ◽  
Li Li Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Cell Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Gene

scholarly journals FlyPrimerBank: An Online Database for Drosophila melanogaster Gene Expression Analysis and Knockdown Evaluation of RNAi Reagents

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Hu ◽  
Richelle Sopko ◽  
Marianna Foos ◽  
Colleen Kelley ◽  
Ian Flockhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Online Database

Regulation of proneural gene expression and cell fate during neuroblast segregation in the Drosophila embryo

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Skeath ◽  
S.B. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Proneural Gene ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Neurogenic Genes ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Epidermal Development

The Drosophila embryonic central nervous system develops from sets of progenitor neuroblasts which segregate from the neuroectoderm during early embryogenesis. Cells within this region can follow either the neural or epidermal developmental pathway, a decision guided by two opposing classes of genes. The proneural genes, including the members of the achaete-scute complex (AS-C), promote neurogenesis, while the neurogenic genes prevent neurogenesis and facilitate epidermal development. To understand the role that proneural gene expression and regulation play in the choice between neurogenesis and epidermogenesis, we examined the temporal and spatial expression pattern of the achaete (ac) regulatory protein in normal and neurogenic mutant embryos. The ac protein is first expressed in a repeating pattern of four ectodermal cell clusters per hemisegment. Even though 5–7 cells initially express ac in each cluster, only one, the neuroblast, continues to express ac. The repression of ac in the remaining cells of the cluster requires zygotic neurogenic gene function. In embryos lacking any one of five genes, the restriction of ac expression to single cells does not occur; instead, all cells of each cluster continue to express ac, enlarge, delaminate and become neuroblasts. It appears that one key function of the neurogenic genes is to silence proneural gene expression within the nonsegregating cells of the initial ectodermal clusters, thereby permitting epidermal development.

scholarly journals Single-cell mapping of neural and glial gene expression in the developing Drosophila CNS midline cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 294 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Wheeler ◽  
Joseph B. Kearney ◽  
Amaris R. Guardiola ◽  
Stephen T. Crews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Mapping ◽  
Cns Midline ◽  
Midline Cells

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling of the developing Drosophila CNS midline cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Kearney ◽  
Scott R. Wheeler ◽  
Patricia Estes ◽  
Beth Parente ◽  
Stephen T. Crews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Cns Midline ◽  
Midline Cells

scholarly journals Seven genes of the Enhancer of split complex of Drosophila melanogaster encode helix-loop-helix proteins.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Knust ◽  
H Schrons ◽  
F Grawe ◽  
J A Campos-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Early Neurogenesis ◽  
Enhancer Of Split ◽  
Germ Line Transformation ◽  
Epidermal Development

Abstract Enhancer of split [E(spl)] is one of the neurogenic loci of Drosophila and, as such, is required for normal segregation of neural and epidermal cell progenitors. Genetic observations indicate that the E(spl) locus is in fact a gene complex comprising a cluster of related genes and that other genes of the region are also required for normal early neurogenesis. Three of the genes of the complex were known to encode helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins and to be transcribed in nearly identical patterns. Here, we show that four other genes in the vicinity also encode HLH proteins and, during neuroblast segregation, three of them are expressed in the same pattern. We show by germ-line transformation that these three genes are also necessary to allow epidermal development of the neuroectodermal cells.

scholarly journals Supra-physiological levels of Gibberellins/DELLAs alter the patterning, morphology and abundance of root hairs in root tips of A. thaliana seedlings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva McCarthy-Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Spatial Patterning ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Epidermis

In spite of the known role of gibberellins (GAs), and of their antagonistic proteins, the DELLAs, in leaf hair production, no investigations, however, have assessed their hypothetical function in the production of root hairs. To this aim, the effects of supra-physiological levels of GAs/DELLAs on the spatial patterning of gene expression of the root hair (CPC) and root non-hair (GL2, EGL3 and WER) epidermal cell fate markers, as well as on the distribution, morphology and abundance of root hairs, were studied in root tips of 5-day-old A. thaliana seedlings. Results showed that excessive levels of GAs/DELLAs impaired the spatial patterning of gene expression of the root hair/non-hair epidermal cell fate markers, as well as the arrangement, shape and frequency of root hairs, giving rise to ectopic hairs and ectopic non-hairs, two-haired cells, two-tipped hairs, branched hairs, longer and denser hairs near the root tip under excessive DELLAs, and shorter and scarcer hairs near the root tip under excessive GAs. However, when the gai-1 (GA-insensitive-1) DELLA mutant protein was specifically over-expressed at the root epidermis, no changes in the patterning or abundance of root hairs occurred. Thus, these results suggest that, in seedlings of A. thaliana, the GAs/DELLAs might have a role in regulating the patterning, morphology and abundance of root hairs by acting from the sub-epidermal tissues of the root.

The Ordered Expression of Transcription Factors Directs Hierarchical Lineage Specification of Eosinophils, Basophils and Mast Cells.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 224-224
Author(s):  
Hiromi Iwasaki ◽  
Yojiro Arinobu ◽  
Shin-ichi Mizuno ◽  
Hirokazu Shigematsu ◽  
Kiyoshi Takatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Lineage Specification ◽  
Retroviral Transduction ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Stem And Progenitor Cells ◽  
Eosinophil Colonies

Abstract Here we show that eosinophil progenitors (EoPs) and basophil/mast cell progenitors (BMCPs) are prospectively isolatable in normal hematopoiesis, and that their lineage decisions are regulated principally by GATA-2 and C/EBPα. These progenitors were isolated downstream of granulocyte/monocyte progenitors (GMPs), and BMCPs further generated monopotent basophil progenitors (BaPs) and mast cell progenitors (MCPs). Gene expression analysis showed that neither GATA-1 nor GATA-2 was expressed in GMPs, whereas both of them were upregulated in EoPs, BMCPs, BaPs and MCPs. Importantly, C/EBPα was expressed in EoPs and BaPs as well as GMPs, but was downregulated in BMCPs and MCPs. We have reported that GATA-1 is critical primarily for megakaryocyte/erythrocyte commitment or conversion of stem and progenitor cells. We therefore focused on GATA-2 and C/EBPα functions in this study. Since both EoPs and BaPs co-expressed GATA-2 and C/EBPα while GMPs expressed only C/EBPα, we first transduced GATA-2 into GMPs via a GFP-tagged retrovirus. Strikingly, all GATA-2+ GMPs gave rise to pure eosinophil colonies but not basophil colonies, indicating that enforced GATA-2 can instruct GMPs to become EoPs. Next, since BMCPs only expressed GATA-2 but not C/EBPα, we maintained the expression of C/EBPα in GMPs by retroviral transduction. Interestingly, the sustained expression of C/EBPα blocked basophil/mast cell differentiation from GMPs, indicating that C/EBPα downregulation is required for GMPs to choose the basophil/mast cell fate. As a reciprocal experiment, we conditionally disrupted C/EBPα gene at the level of GMPs by retrovirally transducing Cre gene into GMPs purified from mice in which C/EBPα gene is flanked by loxP sequences (floxed: F). The frequency of mast cell read-out from C/EBPα-disrupted GMPs was 5-fold higher than that from C/EBPα F/F (Cre−) GMPs. C/EBPα-disrupted GMPs, however, did not give rise to BaPs. Furthermore, MCPs transduced with C/EBPα were converted into BaPs. Thus, C/EBPα is required to be reactivated during transition from BMCPs to BaPs. We further tested their interplay in specification of these lineages by using common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), which do not express GATA-2 or C/EBPα. We enforced the expression of each transcription factor in CLPs in different orders by using the two-step retroviral transduction system. Interestingly, C/EBPα transduction reprogrammed CLPs into GM lineages, and subsequently-transduced GATA-2 instructed C/EBPα + CLPs to select the eosinophil fate. Next, we switched the order of transduction. Strikingly, GATA-2 transduction converted CLPs into BMCPs, and subsequently-transduced C/EBPα specified GATA-2+ CLPs to become BaPs. Thus, at the branchpoint for EoPs and BMCPs, GATA-2 upregulation instructed EoP development if C/EBPα was present, whereas it instructed BMCP development if C/EBPα was absent. After the BMCP stage, C/EBPα had to remain suppressed for MCP development, whereas BaPs developed by C/EBPα reactivation. These data collectively suggest that the order of expression of GATA-2 and C/EBPα is critical for their interplay to selectively activate developmental programs for the eosinophil, the basophil and the mast cell lineages.

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling of epidermal cell types in C. elegans using Targeted-DamID

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Katsanos ◽  
Mar Ferrando-Marco ◽  
Iqrah Razzaq ◽  
Gabriel Aughey ◽  
Tony Southall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Seam Cell ◽  
Developmental Progression

The epidermis of Caenorhabditis elegans is an essential tissue for survival as it contributes to the formation of the cuticle barrier, as well as facilitates developmental progression and animal growth. Most of the epidermis consists of the hyp7 hypodermal syncytium, the nuclei of which are largely generated by the seam cells that exhibit stem cell-like behaviour during development. How the seam cell progenitors differ transcriptionally from the differentiated hypodermis is poorly understood. Here, we introduce Targeted DamID (TaDa) in C. elegans as a method for identifying genes expressed within a tissue of interest without cell isolation. We show that TaDa signal enrichment profiles can be used to identify genes transcribed in the epidermis and use this method to resolve differences in gene expression between the seam cells and the hypodermis. We finally predict and functionally validate new transcription and chromatin factors acting in seam cell development. These findings provide insights into cell-type-specific gene expression profiles likely associated with epidermal cell fate patterning.

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