scholarly journals The connective tissue sheath of the locust nervous system: its development in the embryo

1965 ◽  
Vol s3-106 (73) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Sheath Cells

The embryological development of the connective tissue sheath around the nervous system has been investigated in Schistocerca gregaria. The sheath cells appear to be derived from outlying ganglion cells. The neural lamella is first visible when the embryo is 9 days old and it increases in thickness until hatching occurs on the twelfth day. It is produced entirely by the sheath cells. The sheath cells have numerous lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. Some neutral mucopolysaccharide and proteins are also present. The histochemical reactions of the neural lamella after its formation suggest that it is composed of collagenous proteins embedded in neutral mucopolysaccharides. The sheath cells are typical fibroblasts during the formation of the neural lamella. The cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum are dilated into vesicles which contain a somewhat electron-dense material. No intracellular fibrils were observed. Collagen fibrils with banding of periodicity between 55 and 60 mµ. are seen in the neural lamella from 11 days onwards.

The Connective-Tissue Sheath of the Nervous System of Locusta migratoria: an Electron Microscope Study

1961 ◽  
Vol s3-102 (60) ◽  
pp. 463-467
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST ◽  
J. A. CHAPMAN
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Cellular Layer ◽  
Sheath Cells

The sheath is composed of an outer non-cellular layer, the neural lamella, and an inner layer of sheath cells. The neural lamella possesses a large number of collagen fibrils arranged in layers with differing orientations. The sheath cells are flattened on the inner surface of the lamella and the cytoplasm contains lipochondria, mitochondria, and small amounts of endoplasmic reticulum.

The Connective Tissue Sheath of the Locust Nervous System: A Histochemical Study

1959 ◽  
Vol s3-100 (51) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
System A ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Cellular Layer ◽  
Sheath Cells

The connective tissue sheath surrounding the nervous system of Locusta migratoria has been studied histochemically. It consists of an outer non-cellular layer, the neural lamella, and an inner layer of cells, the sheath-cells. The neural lamella has been identified as being composed of a collagen-type protein and neutral mucopolysaccharide on the evidence of its histochemical reactions and the identification of hydroxyproline by paper chromatography in a hydrolysate of the neural lamella. The sheath-cells possess large numbers of lipochondria composed of phospholipids and cerebrosides, and small spherical mitochondria. The cytoplasm also contains lipids (some of which may be cerebrosides), glycogen, and RNA.

A Histochemical Study of the Connective-Tissue Sheath of the Nervous System of Periplaneta americana

1961 ◽  
Vol s3-102 (60) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Type Protein ◽  
Connective Tissue Sheath ◽  
Sheath Cells

The connective-tissue sheath surrounding the nervous system of Periplaneta americana consists of two layers, the neural lamella and the sheath cells beneath it. The neural lamella is composed of a collagen-type protein and neutral muco-polysaccharide. The sheath cells possess numerous lipochondria and mitochondria; the former consist of phospholipid and some cerebroside. The cytoplasm of the sheath cells contains some RNA, glycogen, and lipid.

scholarly journals Development of Embryo Suspensors for Five Genera of Crassulaceae with Special Emphasis on Plasmodesmata Distribution and Ultrastructure

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno ◽  
Daria Majcher ◽  
Emilia Brzezicka ◽  
Joanna Rojek ◽  
Justyna Wróbel-Marek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Cell Transfer ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Full Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Embryonic Structure ◽  
Suspensor Cells

The suspensor in the majority of angiosperms is an evolutionally conserved embryonic structure functioning as a conduit that connects ovule tissues with the embryo proper for nutrients and growth factors flux. This is the first study serving the purpose of investigating the correlation between suspensor types and plasmodesmata (PD), by the ultrastructure of this organ in respect of its full development. The special attention is paid to PD in representatives of Crassulaceae genera: Sedum, Aeonium, Monanthes, Aichryson and Echeveria. The contribution of the suspensor in transporting nutrients to the embryo was confirmed by the basal cell structure of the suspensor which produced, on the micropylar side of all genera investigated, a branched haustorium protruding into the surrounding ovular tissue and with wall ingrowths typically associated with cell transfer. The cytoplasm of the basal cell was rich in endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, dictyosomes, specialized plastids, microtubules, microbodies and lipid droplets. The basal cell sustained a symplasmic connection with endosperm and neighboring suspensor cells. Our results indicated the dependence of PD ultrastructure on the type of suspensor development: (i) simple PD are assigned to an uniseriate filamentous suspensor and (ii) PD with an electron-dense material are formed in a multiseriate suspensor. The occurrence of only one or both types of PD seems to be specific for the species but not for the genus. Indeed, in the two tested species of Sedum (with the distinct uniseriate/multiseriate suspensors), a diversity in the structure of PD depends on the developmental pattern of the suspensor. In all other genera (with the multiseriate type of development of the suspensor), the one type of electron-dense PD was observed.

scholarly journals Morphological pattern of the livers of different lines of broiler chickens during rearing

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gesek ◽  
J. Szarek ◽  
I. Otrocka-Domagała ◽  
I. Babinska ◽  
K. Pazdzior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Morphological Pattern ◽  
Broiler Flock ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Stimulation Of

The aim of this study was to analyse the microscopic and ultrastructural lesions of the livers of broiler chickens during fattening. Three genetic lines of broiler chickens (Ross 308, Cobb 500, Hubbard F15) were investigated. The liver samples were taken on the 3<sup>rd</sup>, 10<sup>th</sup>, 17<sup>th</sup>, 24<sup>th</sup>, 31<sup>st</sup>, and 38<sup>th</sup> day of life from six healthy broiler chickens from each commercial broiler flock. The dominant microscopic lesions were associated with prolonged hypoxia and bile ductules, including: fatty, vacuolar and parenchymatous degeneration, necrosis of epithelial cells of bile ductules, necrosis of hepatocytes around the proliferating bile ductules, lymphoid cell infiltration around the bile ductules and blood vessels, proliferation of the bile ductules, proliferation of the connective tissue around bile ductules and stimulation of the lymph nodules. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed abnormalities involving mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria underwent swelling, polymorphism, proliferation and damage. The rough endoplasmic reticulum underwent defragmentation and acinar transformation. The cytoplasm of most hepatocytes showed vacuoles of varying size or lipid droplets and the presence of cytoplasmic myelin-like structures. This study shows that the livers of broiler chickens are the most predisposed to the occurrence of lesions on the 17<sup>th</sup>, 31<sup>st</sup> and 38<sup>th</sup> days of life.

Ultrastructural features of ovarian interstitial tissue in a wild mouse, Apodemus flavicollis, at various reproductive stages, with a note on its histochemistry at the onset of the breeding period

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Eriksson ◽  
Erik Nyholm
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Wild Mouse ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Apodemus Flavicollis ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

In Apodemus flavicollis caught at the onset of the breeding season, interstitial tissue of the ovaries showed weak to moderate 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Interstitial cells were found to be actively secretory among females with open vaginas. The active cells were characterized by round nuclei and well-developed cytoplasmic organelles. The mitochondria were sometimes associated with smooth endoplasmic reticulum and had mainly tubular cristae. Lipid droplets were few and contained electron-dense material. A Golgi complex with associated vesicles was conspicuous, as were endo- or exo-cytotic vesicles. It is concluded that in A. flavicollis interstitial tissue is actively secretory in connection with ovulation or early pregnancy.

scholarly journals Fibrillogenesis in the wax-moth, Galleria mellonella

1964 ◽  
Vol s3-105 (72) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Dense Material ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Wax Moth ◽  
Great Development

The fibroblasts of the pupa are characterized by the great development of the endoplasmic reticulum, which becomes dilated to form vesicles containing a rather electron-dense material which is thought to be a precursor of the collagen fibrils. Fibrils are seen within the cytoplasm of the fibroblasts; these are about 12.5 to 20 mµ. in diameter and some ofthem show indications of banding with a periodicity between 1 5 and 20 mµ. It is thought that these fibrils and their surrounding cytoplasm become incorporated into the fibrous connective tissue. The plasma membranes of the fibroblasts are discontinuous where they are adjacent to the fibrous tissue. The fibrils in the connective tissue are obscured by masses of mucopolysaccharide, but there are indications that these fibrils are essentially similar to the intracellular fibrils. The processes of fibrillogenesis in the moth and in various vertebrate tissues are shown to have many features in common.

scholarly journals Histology and ultrastructure of the adrenal gland of the greater cane rats (Thryonomis swinderianus, Temminck 1827)

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 873-883
Author(s):  
Casmir Onwuaso Igbokwe
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Cortical Cells

The adrenal glands of domesticated greater cane rats (Thryonomys swinderianus), were studied using histological and ultrastructural techniques. A total of seven (7) adult male greater cane rats, aged from 10-14 months, with an average weight of 1.89 kg (range: 1.6 -2.2 kg) were used in this study. The results showed variations in the thickness of the zones of the cortex and medulla. Histological detail did not differ significantly from that of other rodents. Ultrastructural features showed typical adrenal gland zonation with capsule, cortical cells and medulla. In the cortex copious lipid droplets and myelin bodies were present. The cortical cells of the zona fasciculata contained concentric whorls of rough endoplasmic reticulum that enclosed2-3 mitochondria. Adrenaline storing (A) and noradrenaline-storing (NA) chromaffin cells along with few vesicular ganglion cells were identified in the medulla. The functional significance of the present observation is discussed.Keywords: adrenal gland, cane rats, histology, ultrastructure

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