scholarly journals Blood volume, plasma volume and circulation time in a high-energy-demand teleost, the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brill ◽  
K Cousins ◽  
D Jones ◽  
P G Bushnell ◽  
J F Steffensen
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Circulation Time ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Red Cell

We measured red cell space with 51Cr-labeled red blood cells, and dextran space with 500 kDa fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FITC-dextran), in two groups of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). Red cell space was 13.8+/-0.7 ml kg-1 (mean +/- s.e.m.) Assuming a whole-body hematocrit equal to the hematocrit measured at the ventral aortic sampling site and no significant sequestering of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells by the spleen, blood volume was 46. 7+/-2.2 ml kg-1. This is within the range reported for most other teleosts (30-70 ml kg-1), but well below that previously reported for albacore (Thunnus alalunga, 82-197 ml kg-1). Plasma volume within the primary circulatory system (calculated from the 51Cr-labeled red blood cell data) was 32.9+/-2.3 ml kg-1. Dextran space was 37.0+/-3.7 ml kg-1. Because 500 kDa FITC-dextran appeared to remain within the vascular space, these data imply that the volume of the secondary circulatory system of yellowfin tuna is small, and its exact volume is not measurable by our methods. Although blood volume is not exceptional, circulation time (blood volume/cardiac output) is clearly shorter in yellowfin tuna than in other active teleosts. In a 1 kg yellowfin tuna, circulation time is approximately 0.4 min (47 ml kg-1/115 ml min-1 kg-1) compared with 1. 3 min (46 ml kg-1/35 ml min-1 kg-1) in yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) and 1.9 min (35 ml kg-1/18 ml min-1 kg-1) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In air-breathing vertebrates, high metabolic rates are necessarily correlated with short circulation times. Our data are the first to imply that a similar relationship occurs in fishes.

Splenic red cell sequestration and blood volume measurements in conscious pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. R293-R301 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hannon ◽  
C. A. Bossone ◽  
W. G. Rodkey
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Epinephrine Injection ◽  
Volume Measurements

When estimated by the dilution of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells under nearly basal conditions, immature splenectomized pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 17.8 +/- 1.64 (SD) ml/kg. At an assumed body-to-large vessel hematocrit (BH:LH) ratio of 0.9, plasma volume was 49.6 +/- 3.12 ml/kg and blood volume 67.3 +/- 3.67 ml/kg. Sham-operated pigs (n = 20) had a circulating red cell volume of 16.2 +/- 1.39 ml/kg, a plasma volume of 51.1 +/- 3.42 ml/kg, and blood volume of 67.2 +/- 4.12 ml/kg. Kinetic analysis of early 51Cr loss from the circulating blood of the sham-operated pigs indicated a splenic red cell sequestration of 4.5 +/- 0.89 ml/kg and a t1/2 of 9.76 +/- 1.93 min for splenic red cell turnover. Epinephrine injection (n = 6) and physical restraint (n = 8) caused rapid mobilization of splenic red blood cells in sham-operated pigs. Volume estimates in splenectomized pigs (n = 7) based on simultaneous dilutions of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells and 125I-labeled bovine albumin gave circulating red cell, plasma, and blood volumes of 18.4 +/- 2.46, 60.7 +/- 4.01, and 79.0 +/- 3.51 ml/kg, respectively, and a BH:LH ratio of 0.756 +/- 0.029. The latter value may have reflected an overestimation of plasma volume by the 125I-labeled albumin procedure.

Splanchnic blood volume in traumatic shock

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Traumatic Shock ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Tourniquet Shock

The distribution of radioiodinated plasma and radioiron-labeled red blood cells between the liver, intestine and spleen were determined during the induction and development of tourniquet shock in mice. The data obtained indicate that plasma and red blood cells are distributed differentially throughout the splanchnic vasculature such that plasma volume of liver, intestine and spleen remain depressed for the entire shock interval, as does splenic red cell volume. After an early decline, the red cell volume of liver and intestine become elevated to a level above control. This differential distribution of plasma and red cells in liver and intestine is attributed to alterations in peripherovascular tone and suggests that a venous component becomes prominent late in shock and may act to pool blood out of active circulation.

Effect of polycythemia on vascular volume in the newborn dog

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (6) ◽  
pp. H830-H837
Author(s):  
M. H. Leblanc ◽  
K. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Vascular Volume

The effect of polycythemia [hematocrit (Hct) 64-80] on blood volume (BV) was studied in 27 unanesthetized, splenectomized newborn dogs (age 6-14 days, postsplenectomy 5-13 days). Normovolemic polycythemia (N) was induced in nine pups by exchange transfusion with 75 ml/kg of adult, packed (to Hct 95) red blood cells (RBC). Hypervolemic polycythemia (H) was induced in 11 pups by transfusion of RBC (50 ml/kg). Seven pups received exchange transfusion with 75 ml/kg of whole blood and served as controls (C). Red cell volume (RCV, 51CrRBC) and plasma volume (PV, 125I-fibrinogen and Evans blue) were measured prior to and at 1, 2, and 4 h after transfusion, before the pups received fluid orally. The pups were fed 8 ml X kg-1 X h-1 after 4 h, and measurements were repeated at 8 and 24 h. BV fell in C prior to 4 h by 10 +/- 4% (SD) (P less than 0.01) and then rose to initial levels. BV rose in the N pups by 17 +/- 9 (P less than 0.01), 14 +/- 5 (P less than 0.01), 9 +/- 10 (P less than 0.1), 17 +/- 9 (P less than 0.01), and 31 +/- 17% (P less than 0.01) at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h post transfusion. BV rose in the H pups by 41 +/- 8, 35 +/- 10, 23 +/- 11, 27 +/- 6, and 43 +/- 9% (all P less than 0.01). Thus newborn dogs with induced N or H equilibrate rapidly to a BV significantly higher than C levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Distribution and hematocrit ratios of blood in the rat

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Whole Body

The distribution of blood in the rat was investigated with Cr51 red blood cells and I131 plasma proteins. The hematocrit of blood obtained by decapitation may be assigned the value of 100. Then, the hematocrit of blood draining from the tissues was found to be 100, and for that which remains in the tissues the figure was 57. Since this fraction in the tissues was 18% of the blood volume, the hematocrit for the whole body must be between the two; the value found was go.

Blood Volume Measurement in Baboons: Simultaneous Estimation of Red Cell Volume and Plasma Volume

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Michael G. Garner ◽  
Andrew F. Phippard ◽  
John S. Horvath ◽  
Geoffrey G. Duggin ◽  
David J. Tiller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume Measurement

Colloid osmotic pressure changes of dog's blood exposed to different mixtures of CO2 and air

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kakiuchi ◽  
A. B. DuBois ◽  
D. Gorenberg
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Freezing Point Depression ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Different Levels

Hansen's membrane manometer method for measuring plasma colloid osmotic pressure was used to obtain the osmolality changes of dogs breathing different levels of CO2. Osmotic pressure was converted to osmolality by calibration of the manometer with saline and plasma, using freezing point depression osmometry. The addition of 10 vol% of CO2 to tonometered blood caused about a 2.0 mosmol/kg H2O increase of osmolality, or 1.2% increase of red blood cell volume. The swelling of the red blood cells was probably due to osmosis caused by Cl- exchanged for the HCO3- which was produced rapidly by carbonic anhydrase present in the red blood cells. The change in colloid osmotic pressure accompanying a change in co2 tension was measured on blood obtained from dogs breathing different CO2 mixtures. It was approximately 0.14 mosmol/kg H2O per Torr Pco2. The corresponding change in red cell volume could not be calculated from this because water can exchange between the plasma and tissues.

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