Antidepressant Effects of Apocynum venetum Leaves in a Forced Swimming Test.

Depression is a global problem associated with multiple social and health issues. In the present study, we analyzed the antidepressant effects of Lavandulifolia stachys, an herbal planton forced swimming test (FST). In this study, 36 rats were used. We gavaged the aqueous extract of plant (50, 100, 150 mg/kg), imipramine and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) as standard antidepressant drug and normal saline for control group for a week. Then, their behavioral responses including climbing, swimming and immobility were recorded during the 5-min FST. Our experiments showed significant effects of Lavandulifolia stachys on swimming and immobility but not effect on climbing behaviors. Imipramine and fluoxetine increased climbing and swimming, respectively, and both reduced immobility, compared to saline control. Finally, our results show the extract of Lavandulifolia stachys could play an important role in treatment of depression like fluoxetine.

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The antidepressant effects of curcumin in the forced swimming test involve 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors

European Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.08.045 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 578 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 123

Author(s):

Rui Wang ◽

Ying Xu ◽

Hong-Li Wu ◽

Ying-Bo Li ◽

Yu-Hua Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Swimming Test

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Administration of cannabidiol and imipramine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the rat amygdala

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00579.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Gislaine Z. Réus ◽

Roberto B. Stringari ◽

Karine F. Ribeiro ◽

Tatiana Luft ◽

Helena M. Abelaira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Field Tests ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Chemical Constituent ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Immobility Time ◽

Swimming Test

Réus GZ, Stringari RB, Ribeiro KF, Luft T, Abelaira HM, Fries GR, Aguiar BW, Kapczinski F, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA, Quevedo J. Administration of cannabidiol and imipramine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the rat amygdala.Objective: Cannabidiol is a chemical constituent from Cannabis sativa and it has multiple mechanisms of action, including antidepressant effects. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate behavioural and molecular effects induced by administration of cannabidiol and imipramine in rats.Methods: In the present study, rats were acutely or chronically treated for 14 days once a day with saline, cannabidiol (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg) or imipramine (30 mg/kg) and the animals behaviour was assessed in forced swimming and open-field tests. Afterwards, the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay.Results: We observed that both acute and chronic treatments with imipramine at the dose of 30 mg/kg and cannabidiol at the dose of 30 mg/kg reduced immobility time and increased swimming time; climbing time was increased only with imipramine at the dose of 30 mg/kg, without affecting locomotor activity. In addition, chronic treatment with cannabidiol at the dose of 15 mg/kg and imipramine at the dose of 30 mg/kg increased BDNF levels in the rat amygdala.Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicate that cannabidiol has an antidepressant-like profile and could be a new pharmacological target for the treatment of major depression.

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Inhibition of the l-arginine–nitric oxide pathway mediates the antidepressant effects of ketamine in rats in the forced swimming test

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.pbb.2013.05.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 8-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Guang-Fen Zhang ◽

Nan Wang ◽

Jin-Yun Shi ◽

Shi-Xia Xu ◽

Xiao-Min Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Swimming Test ◽

Nitric Oxide Pathway

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Antidepressant effects of ginseng total saponins in the forced swimming test and chronic mild stress models of depression

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.07.020 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 1417-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Haixia Dang ◽

Ying Chen ◽

Xinmin Liu ◽

Qiong Wang ◽

Liwei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Chronic Mild Stress ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Swimming Test ◽

Stress Models

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Experimental anxiety-depressive state in rats caused by neonatal exposure to the inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, diprotin A: effects of imipramine

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/igpp.2017.4.8517 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 4-12

Author(s):

Н.Н. Хлебникова ◽

Н.А. Крупина

Keyword(s):

Forced Swimming Test ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase Iv ◽

Forced Swimming ◽

Face Validity ◽

Neonatal Exposure ◽

Depressive State ◽

Serum Corticosterone ◽

Old Rats ◽

Swimming Test

В наших предыдущих исследованиях было показано, что ингибитор пролинспецифической пептидазы дипептидилпептидазы-IV (ДП-IV, EC 3.4.14.5) трипептид дипротин А, введенный крысам в 5-18 постнатальные дни, приводит к развитию у крыс подросткового возраста и взрослых животных эмоционально-мотивационных расстройств. Такие расстройства можно рассматривать как модель смешанного тревожно-депрессивного состояния. Однако специальных исследований по валидности данной модели проведено не было. Цель настоящей работы состояла в проверке влияния трициклического антидепрессанта имипрамина (ИМИ) на депрессивноподобное поведение крыс и уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови животных на модели смешанного тревожно-депрессивного состояния. Методика. У крыс в возрасте одного и двух мес. определяли уровень тревожности в автоматизированном тесте «Приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт» и оценивали депрессивноподобное поведение в тесте принудительного плавания. ИМИ вводили взрослым животным в течение 10 дней (20 мг/кг/день, интрагастрально). Уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Результаты. Неонатальное действие дипротина А приводило к повышению тревожности у крыс в возрасте 1 мес. Депрессивноподобное поведение обнаружено у животных в возрасте одного и двух мес. ИМИ нормализовал поведение животных в тесте принудительного плавания и снижал уровень кортикостерона в сыворотке крови крыс. Кроме того, ИМИ снижал вес крыс. Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют в пользу адекватности модели смешанного тревожно-депрессивного расстройства, возникающего у крыс вследствие действия ингибитора ДП-IV дипротина А на второй-третьей неделях постнатального развития, клиническому прообразу заболевания по критериям «внешней схожести», прогностической и конструкционной валидности. Previously, we have shown that the inhibitor of proline-specific peptidase, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DP-IV, EC 3.4.14.5), tripeptide diproptin A administered on postnatal days 5-18 induced emotional and motivational disorders in adolescent and adult rats. These disorders can be considered a model of a mixed anxiety-depression-like disorder. However, validation studies of this model are not available. The aim of this work was to test the effect of the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine (IMI), on depressive-like behavior in rats and the level of serum corticosterone using the model of mixed anxiety-depressive state. Methods. The level of anxiety was assessed by the automated Elevated Plus Maze test and the depressive-like behavior was evaluated by the forced swimming test in one- and two-month old rats. IMI was administered to adult animals for ten days (20 mg/kg a day, intragastrically). Serum corticosterone concentrations were measured using ELISA. Results. The neonatal exposure to diprotin A increased anxiety in one-month old rats. The depressive-like behavior was observed in animals aged one and two months. IMI normalized behavior of animals in the forced swimming test and reduced serum levels of corticosterone. Also, IMI reduced body weight of rats. Conclusion. The results of the study evidenced adequacy of the model of mixed anxiety-depressive state induced by the DP-IV inhibitor, diprotin A, on the second and third postnatal weeks to the clinical prototype of disease according to criteria of face validity, predictive and construct validity.

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