scholarly journals Studies on the Constituents of Flowers. XV. On the Components of the Flower of Ligustrum japonicum THUNB.

1981 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAO KIKUCHI ◽  
HIDEO KATAOKA ◽  
TOZABURO KURIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Ligustrum Japonicum

Effects of Plant Growth Stage on Glyphosate Absorption and Transport in Ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicum) and Blue Pacific Juniper (Juniperus conferta)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Neal ◽  
Walter A. Skroch ◽  
Thomas J. Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
Differential Absorption ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum

Carbon-14-labeled glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] was foliarly applied to ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicumThunb.) and blue pacific juniper (Juniperus confertaParl. ‘Blue Pacific’) at the following growth stages: cold acclimation, winter dormancy, budbreak, shoot elongation, and termination of the first flush of growth (shoot termination). At shoot elongation juniper plants absorbed 2% of applied14C by 14 days after treatment (DAT). Applications at other growth stages resulted in no significant absorption of14C by junipers. Within 7 DAT the amounts of radioactivity absorbed by ligustrum were significant and depended upon growth stage in the following order: budbreak < shoot termination < shoot elongation. Absorption by overwintered leaves occurred at budbreak but not at elongation or termination. Transport of absorbed14C in ligustrum was primarily acropetal and occurred only in budbreak and flowering treatments. Differences in tolerance to glyphosate between juniper and ligustrum appear to be related to differential absorption. Seasonal differences in ligustrum tolerance also appear to be associated with differences in absorption. Although growth stage affected transport in ligustrum, differential transport does not appear to play a major role in seasonal influences on long-term glyphosate phytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Mortality of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers in contact with colony waste from different plant sources

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Lacerda ◽  
T.M.C. Della Lucia ◽  
O.L. Pereira ◽  
L.A. Peternelli ◽  
M.R. Tótola
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Acalypha Wilkesiana ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Average Survival Rate

AbstractThe objective of this work was to study the effect of colony waste on the mortality of workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel colonies fed with different plant substrates. Eight nests were used; two colonies each were fed with Acalypha wilkesiana Müller.Arg, Ligustrum japonicum Thunb, Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake or a mixture of the three substrates in equal proportions. Irrespective of diet, being kept with waste led to higher mortality. However, workers that were kept in contact with waste produced by colonies fed Acalypha had higher average survival rate and later death when compared with workers from the other treatments. Workers from the Eucalyptus-fed colonies had the lowest survival rate and 50% of them died within four days of exposure to Eucalyptus waste. Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Gray, a fungus garden antagonist, and the entomopathogen Aspergillus flavus Link. ex Gray were present in the colonies supplied with all plants. The largest fungus diversity was verified in the waste of colonies fed Acalypha and the mixture of Acalypha, Ligustrum and Eucalyptus. Therefore, antibiotic properties of Acalypha did not reduce contaminant diversity but apparently minimized effects of pathogenic microorganisms present in the waste such as Asp. flavus. This may explain the highest survival rate of workers in this treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of MMP Inhibitors Isolated from Ligustrum japonicum Fructus

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Hojun Kim ◽  
Fatih Karadeniz ◽  
Chang-Suk Kong ◽  
Youngwan Seo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Gelatin Zymography ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mmp Inhibitors ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Fibrosarcoma Cells ◽  
Human Fibrosarcoma Cells

The current study investigated the ability of two secoiridoids, GL-3 (1) and oleonuezhenide (2), isolated from the fruits of Ligustrum japonicum to inhibit MMP-2 and -9 activity in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. Both compounds 1 and 2 were able to exert lowered gelatin digestion activity for MMP-2 and -9 tested by gelatin zymography via suppressing the release of MMPs to culture medium according to ELISA results. Treatment with compounds was also able to suppress the expression of both mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and -9. Action mechanism behind the MMP inhibitory effect of the compounds was suggested to be via MAPK pathway indicated by decreased levels of phosphorylated p38, ERK and JNK proteins evaluated employing immunoblotting. Compound 1 was shown to be slightly more active to inhibit MMP-2 and -9, however, compound 2 showed more regular dose-dependency during inhibition. In conclusion, this study suggested that GL-3 and oleonuezhenide were notable natural origin potent MMP inhibitors and could serve as lead compounds for development of anti-invasive MMP inhibitors against tumor metastasis.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Podocarpus and Ligustrum to VA Mycorrhizae and Fertilizer Rate

1990 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
T.H. Yeager ◽  
C.R. Johnson ◽  
N.C. Schenck
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Va Mycorrhizae ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Podocarpus Macrophyllus ◽  
One Year

Abstract Container-grown Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) D. Don and Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. inoculated or noninoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith were fertilized with Lesco 20N-2.6P-10K (20-6-12) at either 0, 4.3, 8.6, 17.3 or 34.6 g (0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 or 1.20 oz) per 6-l (#2) container. Plants were fertilized at potting and again 3.5 months later for each of 2 consecutive applications. Seven months after potting, P. macrophyllus shoot dry weights were greater for noninoculated than inoculated plants when fertilized with the manufacturer's recommended fertilizer rate of 17.3 g per container. L. japonicum shoot dry weights were not different due to inoculation at the 17.3 g fertilizer rate. Mean heights for P. macrophyllus were greater for the inoculated than noninoculated plants and plants fertilized with one-half the recommended fertlizer rate (8.6 g) were ranked superior to noninoculated P. macrophyllus receiving the manufacturer's recommended rate (17.3 g). One year after plants were transplanted to a simulated landscape, P. macrophyllus and L. japonicum shoot dry weights were not different due to inoculation.

scholarly journals Changes in Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Relationships during Episodic Growth of Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Kuehny ◽  
William B. Miller ◽  
Dennis R. Decoteau
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Episodic Growth ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Leaf Flush

Rooted cuttings of Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., an episodically growing species, were grown hydroponically in a controlled-environment growth chamber to determine allocation of glucose, mannitol, total soluble sugars, and total protein in mature leaves, flush leaves, stems, and roots. During the 65 days of episodic growth, 43% of the total soluble sugars was glucose and 33% mannitol. Glucose concentrations of mature leaves decreased during the first root growth episode, increased in almost all plant tissue during a shoot growth episode and decreased in all plant tissue at initiation of a second root growth episode. Mannitol concentrations in the roots and stems decreased during episodes of root growth and increased during a shoot growth episode when leaf flush mannitol concentrations increased. Radiolabeled C applied to leaves before the initiation of the first period of shoot elongation was translocated to the roots. After shoot elongation, just before a root growth episode, most labeled C was translocated to new shoots and roots. Autoradiographs indicated that subsequent episodes of shoot growth were supported by photosynthate from the previous shoot flush. Protein concentrations decreased in all plant tissues during shoot growth but increased in roots and mature leaves during root growth. Concentrations of 15N in leaf and stem tissue indicated retranslocated N supported each episode of shoot growth. Changes in endogenous C and N concentrations and allocation patterns in ligustrum were linked to the control of episodic shoot and root growth.

scholarly journals Restricting Overhead Irrigation to Dawn Limits Growth in Container-grown Woody Ornamentals

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 996-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Beeson
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Woody Ornamentals ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Plant Water Potential

Elaeagnus pungens Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Photinia ×fraseri `Red Top', and Rhododendron sp. `Fashion' (azalea) growing in 10.4-liter containers were irrigated only at dawn with overhead impact sprinklers or pulse-irrigated three or four times each day with a drip system. Plant water potential was measured diurnally each week for 24 weeks, and growth was measured at the end of the growing season in December. Overhead irrigation resulted in less growth of all species than plants maintained near 100% container moisture with pulse irrigation. With the exception of photinia, more growth was associated with significantly lower daily accumulated water stress. Water stress of overhead-irrigated plants was generally not severe enough to cause stomata1 closure.

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