Gender Differences in Head???Neck Segment Dynamic Stabilization during Head Acceleration

This study evaluated the performance of 6 commercially available hard hat designs—differentiated by shell design, number of suspension points, and suspension tightening system—in regard to their ability to attenuate accelerations during vertical impacts to the head. Tests were conducted with impactor materials of steel, wood, and lead shot (resembling commonly seen materials in a construction site), weighing 1.8 and 3.6 kg and dropped from 1.83 m onto a Hybrid III head/neck assembly. All hard hats appreciably reduced head acceleration to the unprotected condition. However, neither the addition of extra suspension points nor variations in suspension tightening mechanism appreciably influenced performance. Therefore, these results indicate that additional features available in current hard hat designs do not improve protective capacity as related to head acceleration metrics.

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Heading in Soccer: Does Kinematics of the Head‐Neck‐Torso Alignment Influence Head Acceleration?

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2021-0012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 71-80

Author(s):

Stephan Becker ◽

Joshua Berger ◽

Oliver Ludwig ◽

Daniel Günther ◽

Jens Kelm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scientific Evidence ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

Head Impact ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Head Acceleration ◽

Ball Speed ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Potential Risks ◽

The Relationship ◽

Head Neck

Abstract There is little scientific evidence regarding the cumulative effect of purposeful heading. The head-neck-torso alignment is considered to be of great importance when it comes to minimizing potential risks when heading. Therefore, this study determined the relationship between head-neck-torso alignment (cervical spine, head, thoracic spine) and the acceleration of the head, the relationship between head acceleration and maximum ball speed after head impact and differences between head accelerations throughout different heading approaches (standing, jumping, running). A total of 60 male soccer players (18.9 ± 4.0 years, 177.6 ± 14.9 cm, 73.1 ± 8.6 kg) participated in the study. Head accelerations were measured by a telemetric Noraxon DTS 3D Sensor, whereas angles for the head-neck-torso alignment and ball speed were analyzed with a Qualisys Track Manager program. No relationship at all was found for the standing, jumping and running approaches. Concerning the relationship between head acceleration and maximum ball speed after head impact only for the standing header a significant result was calculated (p = 0.024, R2 = .085). A significant difference in head acceleration (p < .001) was identified between standing, jumping and running headers. To sum up, the relationship between head acceleration and head-neck-torso alignment is more complex than initially assumed and could not be proven in this study. Furthermore first data were generated to check whether the acceleration of the head is a predictor for the resulting maximum ball speed after head impact, but further investigations have to follow. Lastly, we confirmed the results that the head acceleration differs with the approach.

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Gender Differences In The Risk Of Head, Neck & Face Injuries In US Rugby-7s

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000562787.79835.e2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 767

Author(s):

Christian Victoria ◽

Victor Lopez ◽

Danielle C. Ompad ◽

Richard Ma ◽

Meryle G. Weinstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Head Neck

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Gender Specific Material Properties in the Thoracic Spine

ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference ◽

10.1115/sbc2007-175541 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Brian D. Stemper ◽

Derek Board ◽

Narayan Yoganandan ◽

Frank A. Pintar ◽

Dennis J. Maiman

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Human Head ◽

Female Gender ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligaments ◽

Structural Differences ◽

Rear Impacts ◽

Head Neck

Gender differences have been identified in a variety of spine-related disorders including rates of thoracic sagittal plane scoliosis and rates of whiplash associated disorder following automotive rear impacts. For example, female gender was identified as a main risk factor for thoracic curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis [1]. Clinical and epidemiological studies have identified females to be more susceptible to whiplash injury [2]. However, biomechanical evidence for these discrepancies has been limited. Experimental investigations using human volunteers and post mortem human head-neck specimens have identified dynamic gender differences in overall head kinematics relative to T1 [3] and segmental and localized spinal kinematics [4, 5] following simulated automotive rear impacts. However, it remains unclear whether dynamic gender differences resulted from anthropometry, or geometrical or structural differences in the head-neck complex and/or cervical spine. Structural gender differences identified in anterior cruciate ligaments of the knee [6] and histological differences identified in the ligamentum flavum of the lumbar spine may indicate possible structural or material gender differences in spinal ligaments [7]. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to experimentally identify soft tissue structural differences in spinal biomechanics.

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Segmental Cervical Spine Kinematics Due to Posteroanterior Impact Acceleration

Advances in Bioengineering ◽

10.1115/imece2002-32630 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Brian D. Stemper ◽

Narayan Yoganandan ◽

Frank A. Pintar

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Experimental Investigation ◽

Cervical Spine ◽

Whiplash Injuries ◽

Rear Impact ◽

Spine Kinematics ◽

Males And Females ◽

Impact Acceleration ◽

S Curve ◽

Head Neck

An experimental investigation was performed to determine the segmental cervical spine kinematics in rear impact acceleration. Segmental motions were analyzed at the time of maximum S-curve for 10 isolated head-neck specimens (5 male, 5 female). Females experienced greater segmental angles at each level of the spine for all input velocities. Statistically significant gender differences were obtained for levels C2-C3, C5-C6, and C6-C7. Motions were statistically dependent upon input velocity for C4 to C7 segments. Results of this study provide a biomechanical basis for the differing rates of reported whiplash injuries between males and females.

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455. Gender Differences in Clinical, Microbiological and Treatment Characteristics of Adult Hospitalized Patients with Cellulitis: A Large, Prospective Multicenter Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.528 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S223-S223

Author(s):

Julio Collazos ◽

Belén De la Fuente ◽

Javier De la Fuente ◽

Alicia Garcia ◽

Helena Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Multicenter Study ◽

Lower Extremities ◽

Female Gender ◽

Predisposing Factor ◽

Causative Microorganism ◽

Treatment Data ◽

Male Patients ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Modeling ◽

Head Neck

Abstract Background Studies comparing gender differences between cellulitis features are lacking and might be useful for the knowledge, prevention and management of this infection. Methods Prospective, observational, multicenter study of 606 adult patients (314, 51.8% men) with cellulitis. Comorbidities, microbiological, clinical, lab, diagnostic, and treatment data were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression modeling was performed to determine the variables independently associated with gender. Results Women were older (P < 0.0001), less likely to have prior wounds (P = 0.02), and more likely to have venous insufficiency (P = 0.0002), edema/ lymphedema (P < 0.0003) and prior cellulitis episodes than men (P = 0.07). Cellulitis location also differed between genders (P = 0.02). Regarding microbiology, male patients were more likely to have positive pus cultures than women (P = 0.0008), mainly monomicrobial (P = 0.03).There were differences in microorganisms isolated from pus (P = 0.002), with higher S.aureus infection rates among men than women (P = 0.04).Drawing of blood for culture was also more common in men (P = 0.03). Overall, any microorganism (P = 0.006) and the causative microorganism (P = 0.04) were more commonly identified in male than in female patients, due exclusively to the pus culture results, because there were no differences in the positivity of blood cultures (P = 0.9).Of the 61 S.aureus isolates 15 (24.6%) were methicillin-resistant, without significant differences between genders (P = 0.5). Regarding therapy, men had longer treatments (P = 0.03) and higher rates of antibiotic treatment after discharge (P = 0.04). Factors independently associated with female gender in multivariate analysis were:older age (P < 0.0001), prior episodes of cellulitis (P = 0.01), presence of edema/lymphedema as predisposing factor (P = 0.004), negative pus culture (P = 0.0002) and location of cellulitis in thorax/abdomen (P = 0.035) and head/neck (P = 0.0003) as compared with lower extremities Conclusion Cellulitis in women as compared with men present at older ages, recur more frequently, are more commonly related to edema/lymphedema, affect more frequently other locations compared with lower extremities, and have less frequently positive pus cultures. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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