The Effects Of Pre-exercise Protein Vs. Carbohydrate Consumption On Energy Expenditure After High-volume Resistance Exercise

Postprandial lipaemia (PL) is associated with the metabolic syndrome, CVD and endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce PL. Although resistance exercise is recommended for the improvement of the quality of life, management of body weight and prevention of several disorders, its effect on PL has received little attention. The present study examined the effects of low-volume resistance exercise (LVRE) and high-volume resistance exercise (HVRE) on PL. Ten healthy young men performed three trials, each conducted over 2 d. On the afternoon of day 1, they either refrained from exercise (control), performed LVRE (two sets of eight exercises, twelve repetitions at twelve repetitions maximum (RM) in each set; energy expenditure 0·76 MJ), or performed HVRE (four sets of eight exercises, twelve repetitions at 12RM in each set; energy expenditure 1·40 MJ). On the morning of day 2 they consumed a meal containing 67 kJ/kg body weight, of which 65 % energy was from fat. Blood samples were obtained in the fasted state and for 6 h postprandially. The total area under the TAG curve (AUC; mmol/l × h) was lower (P < 0·05) in HVRE (8·76 (sd 3·20)) and LVRE (9·29 (sd 3·64)) compared with control (11·60 (sd 4·35)). The incremental AUC was lower in HVRE compared with control (3·07 (sd 2·53) v. 5·58 (sd 3·72)), but not different between LVRE (3·86 (sd 2·29)) and control. In conclusion, resistance exercise of 1·40 MJ (four sets – eight exercises – twelve RM) or 0·76 MJ (two sets – eight exercises – twelve RM) before a high-fat meal reduces the total postprandial lipaemic response.

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Differences in muscle oxygenation between young and middle-aged recreationally active men during high-volume resistance exercise

Kinesiology ◽

10.26582/k.51.1.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

Yftach Gepner ◽

Joseph A. Gordon ◽

Jay R. Hoffman ◽

Jeffrey R. Stout ◽

David H. Fukuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Body Mass ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Body Height ◽

High Volume ◽

Muscle Oxygenation ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Volume Resistance

The aim of this study was to compare muscle oxygenation of the vastus lateralis during a high-volume isokinetic resistance exercise protocol (HVP) between young adult (YA) and middle-aged adult (MA) men. Twenty recreationally trained men were assigned to either the YA (age 21.8±2.0 years, body mass 90.7±11.6 kg, body height 179±4.7 cm) or MA (age 47.0±4.4 years, body mass 96.1±21.6 kg, body height 177±7.7 cm) group. The HVP consisted of eight sets of 10 repetitions of unilateral isokinetic concentric knee extension and eccentric knee flexion at 60°·s-1. Changes in tissue hemoglobin saturation index (TSI), tissue oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (O2Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), and muscle oxidation index (O2Hb-HHb) were measured during the exercise session using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Data were analyzed using two-way mix factorial analyses of variance. Prior to exercise, TSI was significantly greater (p=.024) for YA compared to MA. Significant decreases in O2Hb and O2Hb-HHb and increases in HHb were observed during each of the eight sets relative to the rest periods (p<.05) for both groups. The average change during the eight sets of the HVP revealed a significantly higher (p=.036) level of HHb and a lower (p=.029) level of O2Hb-HHb for MA compared to YA. A significant negative correlation was also noted at baseline between O2Hb-HHb index and the cross-sectional area of the vastus lateralis muscle (r=-.45, p=.045). During a high- volume resistance exercise, MA experienced reduced muscle oxygen saturation levels compared to YA. These results may be attributed to reductions in local tissue oxidative capacity and reduced blood delivery occurring during middle-age, and possibly due to group differences in muscle morphology.

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Effects ofβ-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate Free Acid Ingestion and Resistance Exercise on the Acute Endocrine Response

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/856708 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jeremy R. Townsend ◽

Jay R. Hoffman ◽

Adam M. Gonzalez ◽

Adam R. Jajtner ◽

Carleigh H. Boone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Free Acid ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

High Volume ◽

Endocrine Response ◽

Exercise Protocol ◽

Volume Resistance ◽

Heavy Resistance Exercise ◽

Plasma Gh

Objective. To examine the endocrine response to a bout of heavy resistance exercise following acuteβ-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) ingestion.Design. Twenty resistance trained men were randomized and consumed either 1 g of HMB-FA (BetaTor) or placebo (PL) 30 min prior to performing an acute heavy resistance exercise protocol. Blood was obtained before (PRE), immediately after (IP), and 30 min after exercise (30P). Circulating concentrations of testosterone, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and insulin were assayed. Data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA and area under the curve (AUC) was analyzed by the trapezoidal rule.Results. The resistance exercise protocol resulted in significant elevations from PRE in testosteroneP<0.01, GHP<0.01, and insulinP=0.05at IP, with GHP<0.01and insulinP<0.01remaining elevated at 30P. A significant interaction was noted between groups in the plasma GH response at IP, which was significantly higher following HMB-FA compared to PLP<0.01. AUC analysis revealed an elevated GH and IGF-1 response in the HMB-FA group compared to PL.Conclusion. HMB-FA prior to resistance exercise augments the GH response to high volume resistance exercise compared to PL. These findings provide further support for the potential anabolic benefits associated with HMB supplementation.

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