Developing And Validating The Sit-to-stand As A Muscular Power Measure In Older Adults

AbstractThis study investigated the acute responses to volume-load-matched heavy-load (80% 1RM) versus light-load (40% 1RM) power-oriented resistance training sessions in well-functioning older adults. Using a randomized cross-over design, 15 volunteers completed each condition on a leg press. Neuromuscular (maximal isometric force and rate of force development) and functional performance (power during sit-to-stand test), lactate, and muscle damage biochemistry (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein serum concentration) were assessed pre- and post-exercise. Performance declines were found after heavy-load (Cohen’s d effect size (d); maximal isometric force=0.95 d; rate of force development=1.17 d; sit-to-stand power =0.38 d, all p<0.05) and light-load (maximal isometric force=0.45 d; rate of force development=0.9 d; sit-to-stand power=1.17 d, all p<0.05), while lactate concentration increased only after light-load (1.7 d, p=0.001). However, no differences were found between conditions (all p>0.05). Both conditions increased creatine kinase the day after exercise (marginal effect=0.75 d, p<0.001), but no other blood markers increased (all, p>0.05). Irrespective of the load used, power training induced non-clinically significant decreases in sit-to-stand performance, moderate declines in maximal isometric force, but pronounced decreases in the rate of force development. Furthermore, the metabolic stress and muscle damage were minor; both sessions were generally well tolerated by well-functioning older adults without previous experience in resistance training.

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Effects of Jumping Exercise on Muscular Power in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis

Sports Medicine ◽

10.1007/s40279-018-1002-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

pp. 2843-2857 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jason Moran ◽

Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽

Urs Granacher

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Muscular Power ◽

Jumping Exercise

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Day-to-Day Variability and Year-to-Year Reproducibility of Accelerometer-Measured Free-Living Sit-to-Stand Transitions Volume and Intensity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21186068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (18) ◽

pp. 6068

Author(s):

Antti Löppönen ◽

Laura Karavirta ◽

Erja Portegijs ◽

Kaisa Koivunen ◽

Taina Rantanen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Angular Velocity ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Living Environment ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Free Living ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the day-to-day variability and year-to-year reproducibility of an accelerometer-based algorithm for sit-to-stand (STS) transitions in a free-living environment among community-dwelling older adults. (2) Methods: Free-living thigh-worn accelerometry was recorded for three to seven days in 86 (women n = 55) community-dwelling older adults, on two occasions separated by one year, to evaluate the long-term consistency of free-living behavior. (3) Results: Year-to-year intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for the number of STS transitions were 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.70–0.86, p < 0.001), for mean angular velocity—0.81 (95% ci, 0.72–0.87, p < 0.001), and maximal angular velocity—0.73 (95% ci, 0.61–0.82, p < 0.001), respectively. Day-to-day ICCs were 0.63–0.72 for number of STS transitions (95% ci, 0.49–0.81, p < 0.001) and for mean angular velocity—0.75–0.80 (95% ci, 0.64–0.87, p < 0.001). Minimum detectable change (MDC) was 20.1 transitions/day for volume, 9.7°/s for mean intensity, and 31.7°/s for maximal intensity. (4) Conclusions: The volume and intensity of STS transitions monitored by a thigh-worn accelerometer and a sit-to-stand transitions algorithm are reproducible from day to day and year to year. The accelerometer can be used to reliably study STS transitions in free-living environments, which could add value to identifying individuals at increased risk for functional disability.

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Validation and Normative Standard of Chair Sit-to-stand Test for Evaluating Lower Body Strength in Korean Older Adults

Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System ◽

10.21086/ksles.2015.02.22.1.87 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Sung Soon Chang ◽

Shin So Hee ◽

Choi Kyu jeong ◽

Kim Hyun-Soo

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Lower Body ◽

Stand Test ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Body Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength ◽

Normative Standard

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Physical Performance Predictors for Incident Dementia Among Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/pzz077 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (9) ◽

pp. 1132-1140

Author(s):

Takehiko Doi ◽

Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽

Sho Nakakubo ◽

Min-Ji Kim ◽

Satoshi Kurita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Performance Level ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Dementia Risk ◽

Incident Dementia ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Evaluating physical performance could facilitate dementia risk assessment. However, findings differ regarding which type of physical performance best predicts dementia. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the association between physical performance and incidence of dementia in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Design This was a prospective study of community-dwelling older adults. Methods Of 14,313 invited individuals who were ≥ 65 years old, 5104 agreed to participate from 2011 to 2012, and 4086 (52% women; mean age = 72.0 years) met the criteria. Baseline assessments of the following physical performance indicators were obtained: grip strength, the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test, and the Timed “Up & Go” Test. The physical performance level in each test was categorized as C1 (highest), C2 (middle–high), C3 (middle–low), or C4 (lowest) on the basis of sex-stratified quartile values. Incident dementia status was obtained from medical records that were updated monthly. Results During follow-up (mean duration = 42.9 months), there were 243 incident cases of dementia (5.9%). Log-rank test results indicated that a lower physical performance level constituted a significant risk factor for dementia. After adjustment for covariates, Cox proportional hazards models (reference: highest physical performance level [C1]) demonstrated that the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test in the group with the lowest physical performance level (hazard ratio = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.10–2.59) was significantly associated with a risk of dementia. Likewise, the Timed “Up & Go” Test in the group with the lowest physical performance level (hazard ratio = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.01–2.35) was significantly associated with a risk of dementia. However, grip strength was not significantly associated with a risk of dementia. Limitations This study was limited by the use of medical record data. Conclusions A lower mobility-related physical performance level was associated with dementia risk. Dementia risk assessment should include an adequate evaluation of physical function.

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Associating Gait Phase and Physical Fitness with Global Cognitive Function in the Aged

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17134786 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (13) ◽

pp. 4786

Author(s):

Byungjoo Noh ◽

Changhong Youm ◽

Myeounggon Lee ◽

Hwayoung Park

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Stance Phase ◽

Strong Dependence ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Global Cognitive Function ◽

Age Related ◽

Type Data

This study aimed to identify classifier variables by considering both gait and physical fitness for identifying adults aged over 75 years and global cognitive function declines in older adults. The participants included 735 adults aged 65–89 years who were asked to walk at three different speeds (slower, preferred, and faster) while wearing inertial measurement units embedded in shoe-type data loggers and to perform nine physical fitness tests. The variability in the stance phase as well as the strength, balance, and functional endurance showed a strong dependence on the age being over 75 years. The cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination; a longer stance phase at a slower walking speed and decreased grip strength and five times sit-to-stand were associated with cognitive function. These findings may be useful for determining the decline in physical performance of older adults. A longer stance phase and decreased grip strength and five times sit-to-stand may be factors that help distinguish declines in cognitive function from normal age-related declines.

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