Effects of different initial foot positions on kinematics, muscle activation patterns, and postural control during a sit-to-stand in younger and older adults

AbstractAge-related weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in oropharyngeal muscles may be related to dysphagia in older adults. However, little is known about changes in the oropharyngeal muscle activation pattern in older adults. This was a prospective and experimental study. Forty healthy participants (20 older [> 60 years] and 20 young [< 60 years] adults) were enrolled. Six channel surface electrodes were placed over the bilateral suprahyoid (SH), bilateral retrohyoid (RH), thyrohyoid (TH), and sternothyroid (StH) muscles. Electromyography signals were then recorded twice for each patient during swallowing of 2 cc of water, 5 cc of water, and 5 cc of a highly viscous fluid. Latency, duration, and peak amplitude were measured. The activation patterns were the same, in the order of SH, TH, and StH, in both groups. The muscle activation patterns were classified as type I and II; the type I pattern was characterized by a monophasic shape, and the type II comprised a pre-reflex phase and a main phase. The oropharyngeal muscles and SH muscles were found to develop a pre-reflex phase specifically with increasing volume and viscosity of the swallowed fluid. Type I showed a different response to the highly viscous fluid in the older group compared to that in the younger group. However, type II showed concordant changes in the groups. Therefore, healthy older people were found to compensate for swallowing with a pre-reflex phase of muscle activation in response to increased liquid volume and viscosity, to adjust for age-related muscle weakness.

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Sex-specific tuning of modular muscle activation patterns for locomotion in young and older adults

10.1101/2021.08.09.455604 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alessandro Santuz ◽

Lars Janshen ◽

Leon Bruell ◽

Victor Munoz-Martel ◽

Juri Taborri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Motor Control ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Human Locomotion ◽

Older Age ◽

Modular Organization ◽

Muscle Synergies ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Motor Primitives ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns

There is increasing evidence that including sex as a biological variable is of crucial importance to promote rigorous, repeatable and reproducible science. In spite of this, the body of literature that accounts for the sex of participants in human locomotion studies is small and often produces controversial results. Here, we investigated the modular organization of muscle activation patterns for human locomotion using the concept of muscle synergies with a double purpose: i) uncover possible sex-specific characteristics of motor control and ii) assess whether these are maintained in older age. We recorded electromyographic activities from 13 ipsilateral muscles of the lower limb in young and older adults of both sexes walking (young and old) and running (young) on a treadmill. The data set obtained from the 215 participants was elaborated through non-negative matrix factorization to extract the time-independent (i.e., motor modules) and time-dependent (i.e., motor primitives) coefficients of muscle synergies. We found sparse sex-specific modulations of motor control. Motor modules showed a different contribution of hip extensors, knee extensors and foot dorsiflexors in various synergies. Motor primitives were wider (i.e., lasted longer) in males in the propulsion synergy for walking (but only in young and not in older adults) and in the weight acceptance synergy for running. Moreover, the complexity of motor primitives was similar in younger adults of both sexes, but lower in older females as compared to older males. In essence, our results revealed the existence of small but defined sex-specific differences in the way humans control locomotion and that these strategies are not entirely maintained in older age.

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The effect of hyper-pronated foot on postural control and ankle muscle activity during running and cutting movement

Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte ◽

10.33155/j.ramd.2020.11.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 216-220

Author(s):

Zahed Mantashloo ◽

Heydar Sadeghi ◽

Mehdi Khaleghi Tazji ◽

Vanessa Rice ◽

Elizabeth J Bradshaw

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Lateral Direction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns ◽

Ankle Muscle

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of hyper pronated foot on postural control and ankle muscle activity during running and cutting movement (v-cut). Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, 42 young physically active (exercising three times per week regularly) males participated in this study, including 21 with hyper-pronated feet and 21 with normal feet. Each participant completed a running and cutting task. Body postural control was measured using a force platform (1000Hz) which was synchronized with surface electromyography of selected ankle muscles. MATLAB software was used to process and analyze the data. One-away ANOVA was used to identify any differences between groups. Results: Differing muscle activation patterns in the surrounding ankle musculature (tibialis anterior, peroneus longus) through to reduced postural stability in the medial-lateral direction and increased vertical ground reaction forces were observed between groups. Conclusion: According to the obtained results it seems that subtalar hyper-pronation can be regarded as a factor affecting the biomechanics of cutting by changing activation patterns of the muscles surrounding the ankle, and reducing postural control of the body in medial-lateral direction, but not in anterior-posterior direction.

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Differences in Abdominal Muscle Activation Patterns of Younger and Older Adults Performing an Asymmetric Leg-Loading Task

PM&R ◽

10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.09.018 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (11) ◽

pp. 1004-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey ◽

Edwin Y. Hanada ◽

Sarah Gordon ◽

John Kozey ◽

Melissa McKeon

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Abdominal Muscle ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns

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Muscle Activation Patterns and Postural Control Following Stroke

Motor Control ◽

10.1123/mcj.13.4.387 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 387-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

S. Jayne Garland ◽

Vicki L. Gray ◽

Svetlana Knorr

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns

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Muscle activation patterns during the postural control task after total knee arthroplasty

Physiotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3645 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. e771-e772

Author(s):

T. Kobayashi ◽

M. Yamanaka ◽

T. Kannari ◽

H. Horiuchi ◽

N. Matsui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Postural Control ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Control Task ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns ◽

Total Knee

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Differences in Muscle Activation Patterns during Sit to Stand Task among Subjects with and without Intellectual Disability

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/173148 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas ◽

Manuel González-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Muscle Activation Patterns ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Basic Features

The aim of this study is to analyse the differences in muscle activity between subjects who have intellectual disability and healthy subjects when they make the transition from sitting to standing positions. A cross-sectional study. A group of adults was divided into two subgroups: with and without intellectual disability (ID). The means of the basic features in both groups were 22.13 and 22.83 for age, 66.38 and 67.67 for weight, and 173.38 and 174.33 for height, for the ID () and without ID () groups, respectively. Each subject performed three sets of five repetitions during which, starting from sitting, they had to get up and sit on the chair. The recording of muscle activity was performed using surface electromyography taking the measures of muscle activity of different muscles of the lower limbs. The results showed differences in the pattern of muscle activity between groups during sitting to standing movement.

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