Relationship Between Physical Activity Level With Body Composition And Physical Fitness Of Students From Ilhabela, Brazil

Background: Myostatin has been proposed as a candidate biomarker for frailty and sarcopenia. However, the relationship of myostatin with these conditions remains inconclusive. Objective: To determine the association of serum myostatin concentration with body composition, physical fitness, physical activity level, and frailty in long-term nursing home residents. We also aimed to ascertain the effect of an exercise program on myostatin levels. Methods: We obtained study data on 112 participants from long-term nursing homes. Participants were randomly assigned to a control or an intervention group and performed a 6-month multicomponent exercise program. Serum myostatin levels were analyzed by ELISA. Assessments also included body composition (anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance), physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test), physical activity level (accelerometry), and frailty (Fried frailty criteria, Clinical Frailty Scale, and Tilburg frailty indicator). Results: The concentration of myostatin at baseline was positively correlated with: a leaner body composition (p < 0.05), and a higher number of steps per day and light and moderate-vigorous physical activity in women (p < 0.005); greater upper and lower limb strength, endurance, and poorer flexibility (p < 0.05) in men; and better performance (less time) in the 8-ft timed up-and-go test in both women (p < 0.01) and men (p < 0.005). We observed higher concentrations of serum myostatin in non-frail than in frail participants (p < 0.05). Additionally, we found that the implemented physical exercise intervention, which was effective to improve physical fitness, increased myostatin concentration in men (p < 0.05) but not in women. The improvements in physical condition were related with increases in serum myostatin only in men (p < 0.05–0.01). Conclusions: Higher serum levels of myostatin were found to be associated with better physical fitness. The improvements in physical fitness after the intervention were positively related to increases in myostatin concentrations in men. These results seem to rule out the idea that high serum myostatin levels are indicative of frailty in long-term nursing home residents. However, although the direction of association was opposite to that expected for the function of myostatin, the use of this protein as a biomarker for physical fitness, rather than frailty, merits further study.

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Aptidão física, composição corporal e autopercepção de nível de atividade física em estudantes de Educação Física: um estudo longitudinal (2015-2018)

Revista de Educação Física / Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.37310/ref.v88i1.814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vitor Costa Valente ◽

Gustavo Costa Valente ◽

Mariana Passini ◽

Bianca Andrade Ferreira ◽

Marcelo Conte

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Physical Education ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Activity Level ◽

Self Perception ◽

Medicine Ball

Introdução: : Na atualidade, as pessoas são incentivadas a praticar exercícios físicos e a adotar um estilo de vida ativo. Dentre os cursos da área da saúde, a Educação Física é o que apresenta o maior número de universitários com bom nível de atividade física e consequente aptidão física.Objetivo: Comparar a aptidão física, a composição corporal e a autopercepção do nível de atividade física habitual dos alunos do curso de Educação Física da Escola Superior de Educação Física de Jundiaí (ESEF) no primeiro e no último ano de curso.Métodos: Estudo longitudinal com uma amostra por conveniência, do qual participaram 53 alunos do curso de bacharelado em Educação Física, que foram avaliados no primeiro (2015) e no último ano (2018), por meio de anamnese, avaliações em composição corporal e em aptidão física (aptidão cardiorrespiratória, flexibilidade, resistência e força muscular). O teste de t Student pareado foi utilizado para comparar os dados.Resultados: Houve diferenças significativas em peso(kg), +3,8% (p=0,002); IMC(kg/m2) +5% (p=0,00025); RCQ(cm) +4,9% (p= 0,00015); percentual de gordura corporal(%) -14,1%, (p=<0,0001); arremesso de medicine ball(cm) +6,2% (p=0,0006); flexão de braços(repetições) +10,8% (p=0,0051); VO2máx(ml/kg/m), -7,3% (p= 0,0384). Salto Vertical, abdominal(repetições) e flexibilidade não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas.Conclusão: Os alunos apresentaram aumento de massa corporal, redução no percentual de gordura e melhores resultados nos testes de força e resistência muscular dos membros superiores. Entretanto, o desempenho no teste de aptidão cardiorrespiratória piorou ao longo do curso. Os resultados foram discutidos.Physical Fitness, Body Composition and Self-Perception of Physical Activity Level in Physical Education Undergraduates: A Longitudinal Study (2015-2018)Introduction: Nowadays, people are encouraged to exercise and adopt an active lifestyle. Among the courses in the area of health, Physical Education is the one that presents the highest number of university students with a good level of physical activity and consequent physical fitness.Objective: To compare the physical fitness, body composition and self-perception of the habitual physical activity level of the students of the Physical Education course of the Higher School of Physical Education of Jundiaí (ESEF) in the first and last year of the course.Methods: This was a longitudinal study with a sample of convenience, in which 53 students from the baccalaureate degree in Physical Education participated, who were evaluated in the first (2015) and last year (2018), through anamnesis, body composition and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, endurance and muscular strength). The paired Student t test was used to compare the data.Results: There were significant differences in weight (kg), + 3.8% (p = 0.002); BMI (kg / m2) + 5% (p = 0.00025); RCQ (cm) + 4.9% (p = 0.00015); percentage of body fat (%) -14.1%, (p = <0.0001); medicine ball pitch (cm) + 6.2% (p = 0.0006); arm flexion (repetitions) + 10.8% (p = 0.0051); VO2max (ml / kg / m), -7.3% (p = 0.0384). Vertical jumping, abdominal (repetitions) and flexibility were not statistically significant differences.Conclusion: The students presented increase of body mass, reduction in fat percentage and better results in tests of strength and muscular endurance of the upper limbs. However, performance in the cardiorespiratory fitness test worsened throughout the course. The results were discussed.

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