Sports Injury Prevention Strategies In Rugby

Abstract Introduction Severe sports-related injuries are a common affliction treated in Level I trauma departments. Detailed knowledge on injury characteristics from different medical settings is essential to improve the development of injury prevention strategies in different team sports. Methods Team sport injuries were retrospectively analysed in a Level I trauma department registry over 15 years. Injury and treatment data were compared with regard to competition and training exposure. Injury data such as “time of visitation”, “type of injury”, “multiple injured body regions” and “immediate hospitalisation” helped to define the severity level of each team sports injury. Results At the Level I trauma department, 11.361 sports-related injuries were seen over 15 years, of which 34.0 % were sustained during team sports. Soccer injuries were the most common injuries of all team sports (71.4 %). The lower extremity was the most affected body region overall, followed by the upper extremity. Head injuries were mainly seen in Ice hockey and American football and concussion additionally frequently in team handball. Slight injuries like sprains or contusions occurred most frequently in all team sports. In soccer and team handball, injuries sustained in competition were significantly more severe (p < 0.001) than those sustained in practice.Volleyball and basketball had a trend to higher rate of severe injuries sustained during practice sessions. Conclusion Depending on the specific injury profile of each team sports, injury prevention strategies should address competitive as well as training situations, whichmay need different strategies.

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A Comprehensive Summary of Systematic Reviews on Sports Injury Prevention Strategies

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/23259671211035776 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 232596712110357

Author(s):

Samuel D. Stephenson ◽

Joseph W. Kocan ◽

Amrit V. Vinod ◽

Melissa A. Kluczynski ◽

Leslie J. Bisson

Keyword(s):

Injury Prevention ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Sports Injury ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Evidence Level ◽

Meta Analyses

Background: A large volume of systematic reviews and meta-analyses has been published on the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs. Purpose: To provide a qualitative summary of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have examined the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs on reducing musculoskeletal injuries. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases for systematic reviews and meta-analyses that evaluated the effectiveness of sports injury prevention programs. We excluded published abstracts, narrative reviews, articles not published in English, commentaries, studies that described sports injury prevention strategies but did not assess their effectiveness, studies that did not assess musculoskeletal injuries, and studies that did not assess sports-related injuries. The most relevant results were extracted and summarized. Levels of evidence were determined per the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, and methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews, revised version). Results: A total of 507 articles were retrieved, and 129 were included. Articles pertaining to all injuries were divided into 9 topics: sports and exercise in general (n = 20), soccer (n = 13), ice hockey (n = 1), dance (n = 1), volleyball (n = 1), basketball (n = 1), tackle collision sports (n = 1), climbing (n = 1), and youth athletes (n = 4). Articles on injuries by anatomic site were divided into 11 topics: general knee (n = 8), anterior cruciate ligament (n = 34), ankle (n = 14), hamstring (n = 11), lower extremity (n = 10), foot (n = 6), groin (n = 2), shoulder (n = 1), wrist (n = 2), and elbow (n = 1). Of the 129 studies, 45.7% were ranked as evidence level 1, and 55.0% were evidence level 2. Based on the AMSTAR-2, 58.9% of the reviews reported a priori review methods, 96.1% performed a comprehensive literature search, 47.3% thoroughly described excluded articles, 79.1% assessed risk of bias for individual studies, 48.8% reported a valid method for statistical combination of data (ie, meta-analysis), 45.0% examined the effect of risk of bias on pooled study results, and 19.4% examined the risk for publication bias. Conclusion: This comprehensive review provides sports medicine providers with a single source of the most up-to-date publications in the literature on sports injury prevention.

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Does prevention pay off? Economic aspects of sports injury prevention: a systematic review

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2021-104241 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bjsports-2021-104241

Author(s):

Christoph Lutter ◽

Christophe Jacquet ◽

Evert Verhagen ◽

Romain Seil ◽

Thomas Tischer

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Injury Prevention ◽

Evaluation Studies ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Sports Injury ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Level Of Evidence

ObjectiveTo identify, summarise and critically assess economic evaluation studies on sports injury prevention strategies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesPubMed, SportDiscuss.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesThe current literature was searched following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Economic analyses published since 2010 were checked for inclusion. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Oxford Level of Evidence for economic and decision analysis; underlying randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were rated according to the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale, and risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.ResultsTen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The quality assessment revealed limited data quality. For trial-based analysis, underlying RCTs were of good quality and had a low risk of bias. Prevention concepts for general injury reduction showed effectiveness and cost savings. Regarding specific injury types, the analysis of the studies showed that the best data are available for ankle, hamstring and anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Measures using specific training interventions were the predominant form of prevention concepts; studies investigating these concepts showed cost-effectiveness with total cost savings between €24.82 and €462 per athlete.ConclusionInjury prevention strategies that were studied are cost-effective. However, estimates and outcomes vary throughout the included studies, and precluded pooling of existing data. Knowledge about the cost-effectiveness of evaluated prevention measures will help improve the acceptance and application of prevention initiatives.

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