scholarly journals Meddling Through: Regulating Local Telephone Competition in the United States

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Harris ◽  
C Jeffrey Kraft
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Telecommunications Act Of 1996 ◽  
Local Competition ◽  
Telecommunications Infrastructure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Telephone Competition ◽  
Regulatory Decisions ◽  
Recent Policy

After a brief history of telecommunication policies and the development of local competition in the United States, this paper analyzes the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and subsequent FCC and state regulatory decisions. Unfortunately, these recent policy changes have generated pervasive, intrusive regulations, undermining the objectives the Telecom Act was intended to promote: competition, innovation, and investment in telecommunications infrastructure. States should allow incumbent local carriers to rebalance their retail rates and set interconnection prices based on actual costs. Federal policymakers should reduce and liberalize regulations, allowing market forces more freedom to allocate resources and shape industry structure.

This Is Not Your Father’s (or Your Mother’s) Army

Head Strong ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 158-180
Author(s):  
Michael D. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Military Service ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Composition ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Recent Policy

By the year 2050, whites will no longer be the majority in the United States. As the nation changes, the military also must change in order to reflect the ethnic and racial composition of the nation and to remain an effective fighting force. In addition to race and ethnicity, the modern military welcomes into its ranks all Americans who qualify to serve. Psychologists may inform the military on ways to better achieve balance among its ranks. Recent policy changes allow women to serve in all military jobs, including direct combat. The history of African Americans and women’s military service is described. Gays, lesbians, and other formerly stigmatized and discriminated against individuals now serve openly, and methods for reducing stigma and bias are discussed. The importance of having a military that accurately represents its national population is explored.

Schools & the Diversity Transition

Daedalus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Alba
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
North American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Abundant Evidence ◽  
Working Age ◽  
History Of

In the next quarter century, North American and Western European societies will face a profound transformation of their working-age populations as a result of immigration, combined with the aging of native majorities. These changes will intensify the challenges of integrating the children of lowstatus immigrants. Abundant evidence reveals that most educational systems, including that in the United States, are failing to meet these challenges; and sociological theories underscore these systems' role in reproducing inequality. However, the history of assimilation in the United States shows that native-/immigrant-origin inequalities need not be enduring. An examination of variations across time and space suggests educational policy changes and innovations that can ameliorate inequalities.

Open approach to rivers

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-275
Author(s):  
S. Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Levee System ◽  
Recent Policy

Chapter 10 provides an overview of the Open approach, focusing on its merits, progress, and prospects and showing how it can be more conducive to sustainable development. It shows that the Open approach is not a passive approach but requires sustained activities along many dimensions, including both flood-proofing and flood-regulating measures. The chapter follows the progression of the Open approach. It discusses the reflection of this approach in the European Union’s Directive on Floods and its implementation. It takes note of country level initiatives in many European countries, such as the Netherlands’ “Room for River” project, that conform with the Open approach. The chapter then examines some recent policy changes in the United States regarding the Mississippi levee system that also reflect the Open approach. It also reviews the progress of the Open approach in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals Public Opinion in the United States and Hungary: How Trump and Orbán have Manufactured the Debate over Refugees

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Cervenka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Recent Policy

This research paper is inspired by the author’s recent experience interning with US Together – Cleveland, a non-profit refugee resettlement agency that provides services before, during, and immediately after refugees’ arrival. It will utilize a humanitarian approach to the topic of public opinion and perception of refugees in the United States. In order to put these findings in the context of world refugee response, Hungary will be considered as another case study. This will include a look into the history of refugees in both countries, as well as the recent policy changes by both the Trump and Orban administrations respectively. This is a critical topic in today’s increasingly globalized world as there appears to be negative attitudes to waves of refugees arriving in both countries. The purpose of closely following the Trump and Orban policies will be to determine whether the vitriol espoused by these leaders is a result of those feelings already being present in the population that elected them, or if their cult of personalities have popularized the peoples’ perceptions of immigrants and refugees. This paper will explore the historical, economic, and social factors that relate to public opinion of refugees. This paper finds that it is most likely that Trump and Orban are microphones of their electorate. While they themselves might hold these views, they were elected on xenophobic platforms because enough people also held these beliefs.

Medical Technology in The United States: The Last Decade

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise B. Russell ◽  
Jane E. Sisk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cost Containment ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Medical Technologies ◽  
Third Party Reimbursement ◽  
Recent Policy ◽  
Organizational Innovations

AbstractThis paper reviews the evolution of U.S. policy toward medical technology in areas such as cost containment, regulation of devices and drugs, and third party reimbursement. In addition the authors chronicle the diffusion of major medical technologies, procedures, and organizational innovations in the United States. Finally, the article provides tentative observations on the effect of recent policy changes and concludes with some recommendations for the future.

Review of A brief history of the United States.

1919 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of

An American Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina Lozano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
The U.S

An American Language is a political history of the Spanish language in the United States. The nation has always been multilingual and the Spanish language in particular has remained as an important political issue into the present. After the U.S.-Mexican War, the Spanish language became a language of politics as Spanish speakers in the U.S. Southwest used it to build territorial and state governments. In the twentieth century, Spanish became a political language where speakers and those opposed to its use clashed over what Spanish's presence in the United States meant. This book recovers this story by using evidence that includes Spanish language newspapers, letters, state and territorial session laws, and federal archives to profile the struggle and resilience of Spanish speakers who advocated for their language rights as U.S. citizens. Comparing Spanish as a language of politics and as a political language across the Southwest and noncontiguous territories provides an opportunity to measure shifts in allegiance to the nation and exposes differing forms of nationalism. Language concessions and continued use of Spanish is a measure of power. Official language recognition by federal or state officials validates Spanish speakers' claims to US citizenship. The long history of policies relating to language in the United States provides a way to measure how U.S. visions of itself have shifted due to continuous migration from Latin America. Spanish-speaking U.S. citizens are crucial arbiters of Spanish language politics and their successes have broader implications on national policy and our understanding of Americans.

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