scholarly journals Contracts for Agents with Biased Beliefs: Some Theory and an Experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Sautmann
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Expected Payoff ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Profit Maximizing ◽  
Successful Principals

This paper experimentally tests the predictions of a principalagent model in which the agent has biased beliefs about his ability. Overconfident workers are found to earn lower wages than underconfident ones because they overestimate their expected payoff, and principals adjust their offers accordingly. Moreover, the profit-maximizing contract distorts effort by varying incentives according to self-confidence, although only the most successful principals use this strategy. These findings have implications for the labor market; in particular, self-confidence is often correlated with gender, implying that principals would prefer to hire men over women simply because they are more overconfident. (JEL D82, D83, D86)

scholarly journals Are Vocational High School Students Ready to be Entrepreneur?

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace J. Soputan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Work Training ◽  
Risk Takers

The challenges of vocational education is to answer the changed faced by people nowadays as well as to prepare the labor in particular number and quality according to the needs of different sectors, especially industrial and service sector. To prepare the graduate of vocational high school who fulfills the qualification of labor market, then the competency of the graduates of vocational high school need to be regenerated and increased. This research is to analyze the influence of entrepreneurships education and work training to students’ entrepreneur attitude. Students’ entrepreneur attitude can be seen from self-confidence aspect, oriented on task and result, risk takers, leaderships, originality and future oriented. Data was collected from 113 students at SMK N 2 Tondano by doing proportional sampling technique. The result of the research found that students’ entrepreneur attitude can be shaped through entrepreneurship education at school and work training or take apprentice programs outside of schools.

scholarly journals Developing speaking competences in technical English for Spanish civil engineering students

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romero de Ávila Serrano Vicente ◽  
Sarai Diaz García ◽  
Laura Asensio Sánchez ◽  
Jose Antonio Lozano Galant ◽  
Amparo Moyano Enríquez de Salamanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Regular Classes

Traditionally, Spanish schools of civil engineering provide their students a class on “Technical English” in order to develop their language skills. However, this class does not cover all the skills that the student would need in the labor market and mainly focuses in the reading and writing skills, and in a lower degree in the speaking and listening ones. This paper proposes a series of innovative and informal training activities (cine-forum on technical civil engineering topics and role playing on real professional situations) that allow Spanish civil engineering students to develop English skills that can rarely be worked in the classroom (i.e. speaking, negotiating and conversing), encouraging debate, participation, and fostering their self-confidence to speak about technical-English topics in public. Although the students’ level of English is much lower than expected, they all agree on the importance of technical English for their future career. The results also show the students’ lack in skills that are difficult to train in regular classes (speaking and talking). Consequently, this situation would require to provide complementary activities like the ones suggested in this project in order to develop these skills and increase the students’ demand for engineering classes taught in English.

Enhancing Clinical Supervision Using High-Definition Real-Time Digital Recording, Annotation, and Bluetooth Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Jennifer W. Means ◽  
Casey McCaffrey
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Recording Technology ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Additional Data Collection

Purpose The use of real-time recording technology for clinical instruction allows student clinicians to more easily collect data, self-reflect, and move toward independence as supervisors continue to provide continuation of supportive methods. This article discusses how the use of high-definition real-time recording, Bluetooth technology, and embedded annotation may enhance the supervisory process. It also reports results of graduate students' perception of the benefits and satisfaction with the types of technology used. Method Survey data were collected from graduate students about their use and perceived benefits of advanced technology to support supervision during their 1st clinical experience. Results Survey results indicate that students found the use of their video recordings useful for self-evaluation, data collection, and therapy preparation. The students also perceived an increase in self-confidence through the use of the Bluetooth headsets as their supervisors could provide guidance and encouragement without interrupting the flow of their therapy sessions by entering the room to redirect them. Conclusions The use of video recording technology can provide opportunities for students to review: videos of prospective clients they will be treating, their treatment videos for self-assessment purposes, and for additional data collection. Bluetooth technology provides immediate communication between the clinical educator and the student. Students reported that the result of that communication can improve their self-confidence, perceived performance, and subsequent shift toward independence.

Locus of Control, Safety Attitudes and Involvement in Hazardous Events in Indian Army Aviators

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Joseph ◽  
Suhasini Reddy ◽  
Kanwal Kashore Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Self Confidence

Locus of control (LOC), safety attitudes, and involvement in hazardous events were studied in 205 Indian Army aviators using a questionnaire-based method. A positive correlation was found between external LOC and involvement in hazardous events. Higher impulsivity and anxiety, and decreased self-confidence, safety orientation, and denial were associated with a greater number of hazardous events. Higher external LOC was associated with higher impulsivity, anxiety, and weather anxiety and with lower self-confidence, safety orientation, and denial. Internal LOC was associated with increased self-confidence, safety orientation, and denial. Hazardous events and self-confidence were higher in those involved in accidents than those not involved in accidents. Future research needs to address whether training can effectively modify LOC and negative attitudes, and whether this would cause a reduction in, and better management of, human errors.

Labor Market Attitudes and Retirement

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-368
Author(s):  
Lois F. Copperman ◽  
Donna Stuteville
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market
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