Macro-alkaline phosphatase due to IgG κ complex: demonstration with polyethylene glycol precipitation and immunofixation

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Owen ◽  
LS Pike ◽  
PM George ◽  
ML Barclay ◽  
CM Florkowski
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Plasma Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Precipitation

An otherwise unexplained, persistently elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase concentration in a 71-year-old woman was found to be attributable to the presence of macro-alkaline phosphatase using polyethylene glycol precipitation. Gel filtration showed two high MW peaks with masses of about 330 kDa and 560 kDa. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) complex was characterized by immunoelectrophoresis as a complex with IgG with κ light chains.

Screening for macroamylase in a community hospital.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Isham ◽  
N A Ridgeway ◽  
R Hedrick ◽  
J C Cate
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Gel Filtration Chromatography ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Test

Abstract We evaluated the polyethylene glycol precipitation test (Gastroenterology 83: 378-382, 1982), looking for macroamylase in the serum of 66 patients whose values for serum amylase were above normal. Three patients (4.5%) were identified by this method as having macroamylase , and this was confirmed by gel-filtration chromatography and electrophoresis. We find this to be the test of choice as a screening procedure for macroamylasemia because of its speed, simplicity, and apparent reliability. Diagnosis of macroamylasemia is important in preventing needless treatment and investigation for pancreatitis.

scholarly journals Origin of an Elevated Plasma Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Non-Jaundiced Patients

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. W. Cleeve
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Nucleotidase Activity ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Plasma Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzyme

Summary Samples from 260 non-jaundiced patients with elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase activities were analysed for γ-glutamyltransferase and 5′-nucleotidase activity, and for alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme pattern. The plasma γ-glutamyltransferase activity was found to be a more sensitive index than that of plasma 5′-nucleotidase in confirming the presence of a liver component of the elevated plasma alkaline phosphatase. If the γ-glutamyltransferase level is normal it is probable that the increase in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity is of bone origin. However, an elevated γ-glutamyltransferase result does not exclude a bone component; in this situation plasma alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes should be estimated. The causes of elevated activities of plasma alkaline phosphatase, 5′-nucleotidase and γ-glutamyltransferase, found in this investigation were generally the same as those found by other workers. The effect of treatment by drugs on γ-glutamyltransferase, an inducible enzyme, needs more investigation.

scholarly journals Discrepancy between Cardiac Troponin Assays Due to Endogenous Antibodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Lam ◽  
Lisa Aspin ◽  
Robert Campbell Heron ◽  
Leah Ha ◽  
Campbell Kyle
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Gel Filtration Chromatography ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Precipitation

Abstract Background Despite well-described analytical effects of autoantibodies against cardiac troponin (cTn) I on experimental assays, no study has systematically examined their impact on cTn assays in clinical use. We determined the effects of endogenous antibodies on 5 different cTnI assays and a cTnT assay. Methods cTn was measured by 6 methods: Siemens hs-cTnI Centaur, Siemens hs-cTnI Vista, Abbott hs-cTnI Architect, Beckman hs-cTnI Access, Beckman cTnI Access, and Roche hs-cTnT Elecsys. Measurements were repeated on 5 assays (all except Siemens hs-cTnI Vista) following immunoglobulin depletion by incubation with protein A. Low recovery of cTnI (<40%) following immunoglobulin depletion was considered positive for macro-cTnI. Protein A findings were validated by gel filtration chromatography and polyethylene glycol precipitation. Results In a sample of 223 specimens selected from a community laboratory that uses the Siemens hs-cTnI Centaur assay and from which cTn was requested, 76% of samples demonstrated increased cTnI (median, 88 ng/L; interquartile range, 62–204 ng/L). Macro-cTnI was observed in 123 (55%) of the 223 specimens. Comparisons of cTnI assays markedly improved once patients with macro-cTnI were removed. Passing-Bablok regression analysis between hs-cTnI assays demonstrated different slopes for patients with and without macro-cTnI. In patients with macro-cTnI, 89 (72%) showed no effect on the recovery of cTnT, whereas 34 (28%) had reduced recovery of cTnT. The proportion of results above the manufacturers' 99th percentile varied with the cTn assay and macro-cTnI status. Conclusion We suggest that the observed discrepancy between hs-cTnI assays may be attributed in part to the presence of macro-cTnI.

scholarly journals Enhanced Bioavailability and Efficacy of Silymarin Solid Dispersion in Rats with Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Im-Sook Song ◽  
So-Jeong Nam ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Jeon ◽  
Soo-Jin Park ◽  
Min-Koo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Permeation Enhancer ◽  
Efflux Ratio ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 1000

We evaluated the bioavailability, liver distribution, and efficacy of silymarin-D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) solid dispersion (silymarin-SD) in rats with acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity (APAP) compared with silymarin alone. The solubility of silybin, the major and active component of silymarin, in the silymarin-SD group increased 23-fold compared with the silymarin group. The absorptive permeability of silybin increased by 4.6-fold and its efflux ratio decreased from 5.5 to 0.6 in the presence of TPGS. The results suggested that TPGS functioned as a solubilizing agent and permeation enhancer by inhibiting efflux pump. Thus, silybin concentrations in plasma and liver were increased in the silymarin-SD group and liver distribution increased 3.4-fold after repeated oral administration of silymarin-SD (20 mg/kg as silybin) for five consecutive days compared with that of silymarin alone (20 mg/kg as silybin). Based on higher liver silybin concentrations in the silymarin-SD group, the therapeutic effects of silymarin-SD in hepatotoxic rats were evaluated and compared with silymarin administration only. Elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly decreased by silymarin-SD, silymarin, and TPGS treatments, but these decreases were much higher in silymarin-SD animals than in those treated with silymarin or TPGS. In conclusion, silymarin-SD (20 mg/kg as silybin, three times per day for 5 days) exhibited hepatoprotective properties toward hepatotoxic rats and these properties were superior to silymarin alone, which may be attributed to increased solubility, enhanced intestinal permeability, and increased liver distribution of the silymarin-SD formulation.

Macroprolactin detection by polyethylene glycol precipitation in a south of Spain health area

2019 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. S336
Author(s):  
A. González Raya ◽  
R. Coca Zuñiga ◽  
E. Martín Sálido ◽  
G. Callejón Martín ◽  
A. Léndinez Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Health Area ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Precipitation
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