An emerging severe leukoencephalopathy: is it due to HIV disease or highly active antiretroviral therapy?

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rackstraw ◽  
Jeanette Meadway ◽  
James Bingham ◽  
Safa Al-Sarraj ◽  
Ian Everall
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Undetectable Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Good Clinical Response ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Brain

We report an individual who had HIV-associated dementia, but a good clinical response to antiretroviral therapy, with a rising CD4 count and undetectable viral load. A severe leukoencephalopathy was noted at postmortem; however, no HIV immunopositive cells were found in the brain, suggesting that this new severe leukoencephalopathy is associated with immune reconstitution.

Interactions between highly active antiretroviral therapy and over-the-counter agents: a cautionary note

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e236655
Author(s):  
Jerome Federspiel ◽  
Melanie J Bukhari ◽  
Matthew M Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Undetectable Viral Load ◽  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
In Pregnancy

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically lowered rates of mother-to-child HIV transmission among patients with access to treatment. Barriers to complete viral suppression increase rates of transmission, even with only low levels of viral replication. Here, we present the case of a pregnant patient who developed a detectable viral load in pregnancy, thought to be related to calcium supplement consumption or emesis while using a dolutegravir-based HAART regimen. Ultimately, with adjustments, the patient again reached an undetectable viral load and had an uncomplicated perinatal and neonatal outcome. We discuss new data on the use of dolutegravir in pregnancy and precautions for maintaining viral suppression while on antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy.

The impact of protease inhibitor-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy on progression of HIV disease and its relationship to CD4 and viral load

AIDS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 2129-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Miller ◽  
Caroline A. Sabin ◽  
Andrew N. Phillips ◽  
Carsten Rottmann ◽  
Holger Rabenau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Impact

Neuro-AIDS: Current status and Challenges to Antiretroviral Drug Therapy (ART) for Its Treatment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita P. Kakad ◽  
Sanjay J. Kshirsagar
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Sensory Neuropathy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Viral Reservoirs ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Aids Therapy ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: The infiltration of HIV into the brain alters the functions of the nervous system known as NeuroAIDS. It leads to neuronal defects clinically manifested by motor and cognitive dysfunctions. Materials/Methods: Current antiretroviral therapy can prevent viral replication but cannot cure the disease completely. HAART-Highly active antiretroviral therapy used for the treatment of HIV infection. Challenges in neuro-AIDS therapy are as shown in the graphical abstract. One of the challenges is latent viral reservoirs like the brain; which acts as a sanctuary site for viruses. Nearly ~50% of HIV patients show neuropathological signs. Nervous system related disorders including AIDS dementia, sensory neuropathy, and myelopathy have a 25% of prevalence in patients having access to a highly active combination antiretroviral therapy. Results/Conclusions: Brain is one of the viral sanctuary sites for HIV. The current need of neuro-AIDS therapy is to target the brain as a viral reservoir. Drugs should cross or bypass the blood-brain barrier to reach the brain with effective concentrations. Current research on novel drug delivery approaches may prove helpful to treat neuro-AIDS and related disorders effectively.

Proviral HIV-1 DNA in subjects followed since primary HIV-1 infection who suppress plasma viral load after one year of highly active antiretroviral therapy

AIDS ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong ◽  
Christiane Deveau ◽  
Isabelle Da Silva ◽  
Isabelle Pellegrin ◽  
Alain Venet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Persistent Kaposi sarcoma in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: characterizing the predictors of clinical response

AIDS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 937-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huong Q Nguyen ◽  
Amalia S Magaret ◽  
Mari M Kitahata ◽  
Stephen E Van Rompaey ◽  
Anna Wald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Highly Active
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