scholarly journals Histochemical Demonstration of Oxidative Enzymes Localized at the Nerve Cell Membrane in the Central Nervous System

1963 ◽  
Vol 1963 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Tetsuzo KUMAMOTO ◽  
Susumu OKAMOTO ◽  
Eizo MATSUWAKA
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cell Membrane

scholarly journals The Relationships between Cholesterol and Suicide: An Update

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico De Berardis ◽  
Stefano Marini ◽  
Monica Piersanti ◽  
Marilde Cavuto ◽  
Giampaolo Perna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Larger Sample

Cholesterol is a core component of the central nervous system, essential for the cell membrane stability and the correct functioning of neurotransmission. It has been observed that cholesterol may be somewhat associated with suicidal behaviours. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to elucidate current facts and views about the role of cholesterol levels in mood disorders. The majority of the studies reviewed in the present paper suggest an interesting relationship between cholesterol (especially lower levels) and suicidality. On the other hand, particularly during the last years, relationships between serum cholesterol and suicidality were doubted on the basis of some recent studies that have not found any correlation. However, the debate on relationships between cholesterol and suicide is open and longitudinal studies on a larger sample of patients are needed to further clarify this important issue.

Skin and Bones—and Muscle Too

Bioprinting ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 98-118
Author(s):  
Kenneth Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Neuromuscular Junctions ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Judicious Choice

Abstract: This chapter recounts bioprinting studies of skin, bone, skeletal muscle, and neuromuscular junctions. The chapter begins with a study of bioprinted skin designed to enable the creation of skin with a uniform pigmentation. The chapter relates two very different approaches to bioprinted bone: a synthetic bone called hyperelastic bone and a strategy that prints cartilage precursors to bone and then induces the conversion of the cartilage to bone by judicious choice of bioinks. Muscles move bone, and the chapter discusses an investigation of bioprinted skeletal muscle. Finally, the chapter considers an attempt to bioprint a neuromuscular junction, a synapse—a minute gap—of about 20 billionths of a meter between a motor neuron and the cell membrane of a skeletal muscle cell. A motor neuron is a nerve in the central nervous system that sends signals to the muscles of the body.

scholarly journals Histochemical demonstration of neurotoxic esterase.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Koelle ◽  
N S Thampi ◽  
M S Han ◽  
E J Olajos
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delayed Neurotoxicity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cryostat Sections ◽  
Insoluble Precipitate ◽  
Neurotoxic Esterase

We developed a histochemical method for localizing neurotoxic esterase (NTE), defined as the phenylvalerate (PV)-hydrolyzing esterase that is resistant to 40 microM paraoxon (A) but inactivated by paraoxon plus 50 microM mipafox (B). NTE is considered to be the target enzyme in the production of organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). Cryostat sections were incubated in a medium containing alpha-naphthyl valerate and 6-benzamido-4-methoxy-m-toluidine diazonium chloride (fast violet B) after treatment with the above-mentioned inhibitors, leading to formation of an aqueous insoluble precipitate at sites of enzymatic activity. NTE activity was estimated as staining detectable in A but not in B. In the central nervous system (CNS) of chicken, NTE appeared to be present primarily in the somata of most neurons, but at sites indistinguishable from those of the other inhibitor-resistant and -sensitive alpha-naphthyl valerate-hydrolyzing esterases. It could not be distinguished in the CNS of cat, probably because it constitutes less than 3% of the total PV-hydrolyzing activity in the CNS of that species.

The gross anatomy and histology of the nervous system of the metacestode of Hymenolepis microstoma

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Webb ◽  
Kenneth G. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hymenolepis Microstoma

The central nervous system of the metacestode of Hymenolepis microstoma consists of three levels of ganglia. The bilateral cerebral ganglia, joined by a broad transverse commissure, are situated posteriad to the outer rostellar capsule. The bilateral rostellar ganglia, joined by a medial transverse commissure and a dorsal and a ventral circular commissure, are situated between the inner and outer rostellar capsules. The single rostral ganglion is found within the inner rostellar capsule. Numerous nerves and connectives are given off from the various ganglia; the nerves innervate the tissues and organs of the scolex and presumptive neck of the metacestode. Histologically, the ganglia and large commissures consist of a rind of nerve cell bodies surrounding a compact core of neuropile. A delimiting sheath or capsule is not present. Glial tissue is absent. Muscle cells, tegumental cells, and flame cells may interdigitate with the nerve cells. The nerve cell bodies give off numerous neurites that pursue a tortuous course through the neuropile.

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