scholarly journals Upgrade of the (barrel) muon trigger electronic system of the CMS experiment at CERN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικήτας Λούκας
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Compact Muon Solenoid ◽  
Drift Tube ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Muon Track ◽  
Muon Trigger ◽  
Control Distribution ◽  
Cms Experiment ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
And Control

Το σύστημα σκανδαλισμού του πειράματος “Συμπαγές Σωληνοειδές Μιονίων” (Compact Muon Solenoid, CMS) του Ευρωπαϊκού οργανισμού πυρηνικών ερευνών CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire) αναβαθμίζεται συνεχώς έτσι ώστε να μπορεί να ανταπεξέλθει στην όλο και αυξανόμενη φωτεινότητα των αλληλεπιδράσεων αδρονιών. Η αναβάθμιση αυτή είναι προγραμματισμένο να γίνεται σε φάσεις, κατά τις οποίες το CMS διακόπτει την λειτουργία του. Οι φάσεις των αναβαθμίσεων του ηλεκτρονικού επιπέδου του συστήματος σκανδαλισμού (Level-1 Trigger, L1T) ξεκίνησαν το 2016 όπου και πραγματοποιήθηκε η πρώτη φάση αναβάθμισης. Το 2025 είναι προγραμματισμένο να συμβεί η δεύτερη φάση και στην συνέχεια ακολουθούν και άλλες φάσεις αναβαθμίσεων μετά το 2030. Τμήμα του πρώτου επιπέδου σκανδαλισμού (δηλαδή αυτού που απαρτίζεται από ηλεκτρονικές μονάδες επεξεργασίας) της πρώτης φάσης της αναβάθμισης του πειράματος CMS περιγράφεται στην παρούσα Διδακτορική Διατριβή. Το κεντρικό ή βαρελοειδές σύστημα εύρεσης τροχιών μιονίων (Barrel Muon Track Finder, BMTF) αποτελεί το βασικό αντικείμενο που συνοψίζεται στις επόμενες ενότητες, οι οποίες συμπληρώνονται από την παρουσίαση εργασίας που αφορά και περισσότερα τμήματα του συστήματος σκανδαλισμού L1T. Έτσι εκτός από το BMTF παρουσιάζεται και εργασία που αφορά τρία συστήματα συλλογής και διανομής δεδομένων: TwinMux, Pre-Processing and Fan-out (CPPF) και AMC502. Καθώς επίσης και αξιολόγηση καλής λειτουργίας ηλεκτρονικών καρτών οι οποίες χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στο σύστημα ελέγχου και διανομής χρονισμού (Timing and Control Distribution System, TCDS). Ο αλγόριθμος του BMTF αναπτύχθηκε με βάση αυτόν που λειτουργούσε έως το τέλος 2015 στο παλαιότερο σύστημα σκανδαλισμού το οποίο ονομάζεται Drift Tube Track Finder (DTTF). Στο νέο σύστημα, ο αλγόριθμος παρουσίασε ικανοποιητική απόδοση που επιβεβαιώθηκε μέσω συγκρίσεων που έγιναν με την απόδοση συστήματος απομίμησης του αλγόριθμου ανεπτυγμένου σε λογισμικό. Κατά την διάρκεια της συναρμολόγησης του συστήματος στο πείραμα εγκαταστάθηκαν ηλεκτρονικές κάρτες, οπτικές ίνες αλλά και οπτικά μέσα, τμήμα των οποίων αντικαταστάθηκε λόγω μη ικανοποιητικής λειτουργίας τους. Κατά τις πρώτες δοκιμές το σύστημα παρουσίασε προβλήματα τα οποία λύθηκαν μέσα στα χρονικά περιθώρια που είχαν τεθεί και έτσι το BMTF τέθηκε σε πλήρη λειτουργία πριν το πείραμα CMS επαναλειτουργήσει για το 2016.

scholarly journals The CMS Timing and Control Distribution System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Hegeman ◽  
Jean-Marc Andre ◽  
Ulf Behrens ◽  
James Branson ◽  
Olivier Chaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Control Distribution ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals 40 MHz Level-1 Trigger Scouting for CMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Gilbert Badaro ◽  
Ulf Behrens ◽  
James Branson ◽  
Philipp Brummer ◽  
Sergio Cittolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Muon Trigger ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
Cms Experiment ◽  
Front End ◽  
Physics Potential ◽  
Physics Performance ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Resolution Data

The CMS experiment will be upgraded for operation at the HighLuminosity LHC to maintain and extend its physics performance under extreme pileup conditions. Upgrades will include an entirely new tracking system, supplemented by a track finder processor providing tracks at Level-1, as well as a high-granularity calorimeter in the endcap region. New front-end and back-end electronics will also provide the Level-1 trigger with high-resolution information from the barrel calorimeter and the muon systems. The upgraded Level-1 processors, based on powerful FPGAs, will be able to carry out sophisticated feature searches with resolutions often similar to the offline ones, while keeping pileup effects under control. In this paper, we discuss the feasibility of a system capturing Level-1 intermediate data at the beam-crossing rate of 40 MHz and carrying out online analyzes based on these limited-resolution data. This 40 MHz scouting system would provide fast and virtually unlimited statistics for detector diagnostics, alternative luminosity measurements and, in some cases, calibrations. It has the potential to enable the study of otherwise inaccessible signatures, either too common to fit in the Level-1 accept budget, or with requirements which are orthogonal to “mainstream” physics, such as long-lived particles. We discuss the requirements and possible architecture of a 40 MHz scouting system, as well as some of the physics potential, and results from a demonstrator operated at the end of Run-2 using the Global Muon Trigger data from CMS. Plans for further demonstrators envisaged for Run-3 are also discussed.

scholarly journals The CMS monitoring infrastructure and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Ariza-Porras ◽  
Valentin Kuznetsov ◽  
Federica Legger
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Computing ◽  
Compact Muon Solenoid ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Workload Management ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Cms Experiment ◽  
Data Transfers ◽  
Monitoring Architecture ◽  
Globally Distributed

AbstractThe globally distributed computing infrastructure required to cope with the multi-petabyte datasets produced by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN comprises several subsystems, such as workload management, data management, data transfers, and submission of users’ and centrally managed production requests. To guarantee the efficient operation of the whole infrastructure, CMS monitors all subsystems according to their performance and status. Moreover, we track key metrics to evaluate and study the system performance over time. The CMS monitoring architecture allows both real-time and historical monitoring of a variety of data sources. It relies on scalable and open source solutions tailored to satisfy the experiment’s monitoring needs. We present the monitoring data flow and software architecture for the CMS distributed computing applications. We discuss the challenges, components, current achievements, and future developments of the CMS monitoring infrastructure.

Preliminary Study on Automated Concrete Bridge Inspection

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermes Giberti ◽  
Andrea Zanoni ◽  
Marco Mauri ◽  
Massimo Gammino
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Concrete Bridge ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
General Goal ◽  
And Control

This work focuses on the development of a methodology for the complete reconstruction of the 3D geometry of a concrete bridge. 3D scanning technology was selected as the most apt to the task as it provides very detailed geometrical informations. A dedicated carriage system for a compact and lightweight laser scanner has been designed and built as a first prototype to be used on laboratory as well as future on-field tests. A first assessment of the design constraints has been carried out, based on the general goal of implementing a system able to be used with existing inspection vehicles with minimal modifications. The specific electronic system for management and control of the carriage system and the management of the associated tracking system has been also designed and realized. Some preliminary tests have been performed at Politecnico di Milano University campus to assess the viability and analyze the performance of the early design choices.

A 250 MHz Level 1 Trigger and Distribution System for the GlueX experiment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Abbott ◽  
C. Cuevas ◽  
D. Doughty ◽  
E. Jastrzembski ◽  
F. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Level 1

Algorithm for L1 muon trigger based on six RPC planes for the CMS experiment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kalinowski ◽  
Jan Krolikowski ◽  
Grzegorz Wrochna
Keyword(s):  
Muon Trigger ◽  
Cms Experiment

scholarly journals Waterborne microorganisms and biofilms related to hospital infections: strategies for prevention and control in healthcare facilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Vannucci Capelletti ◽  
Ângela Maria Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Microbiological Control ◽  
And Control

Water is the main stimulus for the development of microorganisms, and its flow has an important role in the spreading of contaminants. In hospitals, the water distribution system requires special attention since it can be a source of pathogens, including those in the form of biofilms often correlated with resistance of microorganisms to various treatments. In this paper, information relevant to cases of nosocomial infections involving water circuits as a source of contaminants is compiled, with emphasis on the importance of microbiological control strategies to prevent the installation, spreading and growth of microorganisms in hospitals. An overview of the worldwide situation is provided, with emphasis on Brazilian hospitals. Different approaches normally used to control the occurrence of nosocomial infections due to waterborne contaminants are analyzed, and the use of the polysaccharide chitosan for this specific application is briefly discussed.

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