Deep Convolutional Neural Network Feature Extraction for Berry Trees Classification

This paper proposes a Wi-Fi-based indoor human detection system using a deep convolutional neural network. The system detects different human states in various situations, including different environments and propagation paths. The main improvements proposed by the system is that there is no cameras overhead and no sensors are mounted. This system captures useful amplitude information from the channel state information and converts this information into an image-like two-dimensional matrix. Next, the two-dimensional matrix is used as an input to a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to distinguish human states. In this work, a deep residual network (ResNet) architecture is used to perform human state classification with hierarchical topological feature extraction. Several combinations of datasets for different environments and propagation paths are used in this study. ResNet’s powerful inference simplifies feature extraction and improves the accuracy of human state classification. The experimental results show that the fine-tuned ResNet-18 model has good performance in indoor human detection, including people not present, people still, and people moving. Compared with traditional machine learning using handcrafted features, this method is simple and effective.

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AUTOMATED SCREENING OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY WITH OPTIMIZED DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: ENHANCED MOTH FLAME MODEL

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519421500056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (01) ◽

pp. 2150005

Author(s):

ARUN T NAIR ◽

K. MUTHUVEL

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Feature Extraction ◽

Blood Vessel ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Optimization Algorithm ◽

Vessel Segmentation ◽

Deep Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Gray Level ◽

Pass Filter ◽

Blood Vessel Segmentation

Nowadays, analysis on retinal image exists as one of the challenging area for study. Numerous retinal diseases could be recognized by analyzing the variations taking place in retina. However, the main disadvantage among those studies is that, they do not have higher recognition accuracy. The proposed framework includes four phases namely, (i) Blood Vessel Segmentation (ii) Feature Extraction (iii) Optimal Feature Selection and (iv) Classification. Initially, the input fundus image is subjected to blood vessel segmentation from which two binary thresholded images (one from High Pass Filter (HPF) and other from top-hat reconstruction) are acquired. These two images are differentiated and the areas that are common to both are said to be the major vessels and the left over regions are fused to form vessel sub-image. These vessel sub-images are classified with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifier and the resultant is summed up with the major vessels to form the segmented blood vessels. The segmented images are subjected to feature extraction process, where the features like proposed Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRM) are extracted. As the curse of dimensionality seems to be the greatest issue, it is important to select the appropriate features from the extracted one for classification. In this paper, a new improved optimization algorithm Moth Flame with New Distance Formulation (MF-NDF) is introduced for selecting the optimal features. Finally, the selected optimal features are subjected to Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) model for classification. Further, in order to make the precise diagnosis, the weights of DCNN are optimally tuned by the same optimization algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm will be compared against the conventional algorithms in terms of positive and negative measures.

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Apple Leaf Disease Identification Through Region-of-Interest-Aware Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Journal of Imaging Science and Technology ◽

10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2020.64.2.020507 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 20507-1-20507-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hee-Jin Yu ◽

Chang-Hwan Son ◽

Dong Hyuk Lee

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Feature Extraction ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Deep Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Discriminative Power ◽

Feature Map ◽

Traditional Approaches

Abstract Traditional approaches for the identification of leaf diseases involve the use of handcrafted features such as colors and textures for feature extraction. Therefore, these approaches may have limitations in extracting abundant and discriminative features. Although deep learning approaches have been recently introduced to overcome the shortcomings of traditional approaches, existing deep learning models such as VGG and ResNet have been used in these approaches. This indicates that the approach can be further improved to increase the discriminative power because the spatial attention mechanism to predict the background and spot areas (i.e., local areas with leaf diseases) has not been considered. Therefore, a new deep learning architecture, which is hereafter referred to as region-of-interest-aware deep convolutional neural network (ROI-aware DCNN), is proposed to make deep features more discriminative and increase classification performance. The primary idea is that leaf disease symptoms appear in leaf area, whereas the background region does not contain useful information regarding leaf diseases. To realize this, two subnetworks are designed. One subnetwork is the ROI subnetwork to provide more discriminative features from the background, leaf areas, and spot areas in the feature map. The other subnetwork is the classification subnetwork to increase the classification accuracy. To train the ROI-aware DCNN, the ROI subnetwork is first learned with a new image set containing the ground truth images where the background, leaf area, and spot area are divided. Subsequently, the entire network is trained in an end-to-end manner to connect the ROI subnetwork with the classification subnetwork through a concatenation layer. The experimental results confirm that the proposed ROI-aware DCNN can increase the discriminative power by predicting the areas in the feature map that are more important for leaf diseases identification. The results prove that the proposed method surpasses conventional state-of-the-art methods such as VGG, ResNet, SqueezeNet, bilinear model, and multiscale-based deep feature extraction and pooling.

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