scholarly journals ON A HYPERSURFACE OF A HYPERBOLIC COSINE FINSLER METRIC

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wosoughi
Keyword(s):  
Finsler Metric ◽  
Hyperbolic Cosine

scholarly journals Approaching the self-dual point of the sinh-Gordon model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Konik ◽  
Márton Lájer ◽  
Giuseppe Mussardo
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Zero Mode ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Lagrangian Formulation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Exact Form ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Self Duality ◽  
Hyperbolic Cosine

Abstract One of the most striking but mysterious properties of the sinh-Gordon model (ShG) is the b → 1/b self-duality of its S-matrix, of which there is no trace in its Lagrangian formulation. Here b is the coupling appearing in the model’s eponymous hyperbolic cosine present in its Lagrangian, cosh(bϕ). In this paper we develop truncated spectrum methods (TSMs) for studying the sinh-Gordon model at a finite volume as we vary the coupling constant. We obtain the expected results for b ≪ 1 and intermediate values of b, but as the self-dual point b = 1 is approached, the basic application of the TSM to the ShG breaks down. We find that the TSM gives results with a strong cutoff Ec dependence, which disappears according only to a very slow power law in Ec. Standard renormalization group strategies — whether they be numerical or analytic — also fail to improve upon matters here. We thus explore three strategies to address the basic limitations of the TSM in the vicinity of b = 1. In the first, we focus on the small-volume spectrum. We attempt to understand how much of the physics of the ShG is encoded in the zero mode part of its Hamiltonian, in essence how ‘quantum mechanical’ vs ‘quantum field theoretic’ the problem is. In the second, we identify the divergencies present in perturbation theory and perform their resummation using a supra-Borel approximate. In the third approach, we use the exact form factors of the model to treat the ShG at one value of b as a perturbation of a ShG at a different coupling. In the light of this work, we argue that the strong coupling phase b > 1 of the Lagrangian formulation of model may be different from what is naïvely inferred from its S-matrix. In particular, we present an argument that the theory is massless for b > 1.

Electroosmotic Flow of Power-Law Fluids in a Slit Microchannel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunlu Zhao ◽  
Chun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Electroosmotic Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Flow Behavior Index ◽  
Power Law Fluids ◽  
Hyperbolic Cosine ◽  
Behavior Index

Electroosmotic flow of power-law fluids in a slit channel is analyzed. The governing equations including the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation, the Cauchy momentum equation and the continuity equation are solved to seek analytical expressions for the shear stress, dynamic viscosity and velocity distributions. Specifically, exact solutions of the velocity distributions are explicitly found for several special values of the flow behavior index. Furthermore, with the implementation of an approximate scheme for the hyperbolic cosine function, approximate solutions of the velocity distributions are obtained. In addition, a mathematical expression for the average electroosmotic velocity is derived for large values of the dimensionless electrokinetic parameter, κH, in a fashion similar to the Smoluchowski equation. Hence, a generalized Smoluchowski velocity is introduced by taking into account contributions due to the finite thickness of the electric double layer and the flow behavior index of power-law fluids. Finally, calculations are performed to examine the effects of κH, flow behavior index, double layer thickness, and applied electric field on the shear stress, dynamic viscosity, velocity distribution, and average velocity/flow rate of the electroosmotic flow of power-law fluids.

A geometric approach to quantum circuit lower bounds

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Geometric Approach ◽  
Quantum Circuit ◽  
Geodesic Equation ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Finsler Metric ◽  
Finsler Metrics ◽  
Minimal Size ◽  
Circuit Lower Bounds

What is the minimal size quantum circuit required to exactly implement a specified n-qubit unitary operation, U, without the use of ancilla qubits? We show that a lower bound on the minimal size is provided by the length of the minimal geodesic between U and the identity, I, where length is defined by a suitable Finsler metric on the manifold SU(2^n). The geodesic curves on these manifolds have the striking property that once an initial position and velocity are set, the remainder of the geodesic is completely determined by a second order differential equation known as the geodesic equation. This is in contrast with the usual case in circuit design, either classical or quantum, where being given part of an optimal circuit does not obviously assist in the design of the rest of the circuit. Geodesic analysis thus offers a potentially powerful approach to the problem of proving quantum circuit lower bounds. In this paper we construct several Finsler metrics whose minimal length geodesics provide lower bounds on quantum circuit size. For each Finsler metric we give a procedure to compute the corresponding geodesic equation. We also construct a large class of solutions to the geodesic equation, which we call \emph{Pauli geodesics}, since they arise from isometries generated by the Pauli group. For any unitary U diagonal in the computational basis, we show that: (a) provided the minimal length geodesic is unique, it must be a Pauli geodesic; (b) finding the length of the minimal Pauli geodesic passing from I to U is equivalent to solving an exponential size instance of the closest vector in a lattice problem (CVP); and (c) all but a doubly exponentially small fraction of such unitaries have minimal Pauli geodesics of exponential length.

The Hyperbolic Cosine Cosh(x) and Sine Sinh(x) Functions

2008 ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Keith B. Oldham ◽  
Jan C. Myland ◽  
Jerome Spanier
Keyword(s):  
Hyperbolic Cosine

On Randers change of a Finsler space with mth-root metric

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bankteshwar Tiwari ◽  
Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Finsler Space ◽  
Riemannian Metrics ◽  
Finsler Metric

In this paper, we find a condition under which a Finsler space with Randers change of mth-root metric is projectively related to a mth-root metric and also we find a condition under which this Randers transformed mth-root Finsler metric is locally dually flat. Moreover, if transformed Finsler metric is conformal to the mth-root Finsler metric, then we prove that both of them reduce to Riemannian metrics.

LAPLACIAN COMPARISON ON COMPLEX FINSLER MANIFOLDS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (05) ◽  
pp. 1350034
Author(s):  
JINXIU XIAO ◽  
CHUNHUI QIU ◽  
QUN HE ◽  
ZHIHUA CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Principle ◽  
Distance Function ◽  
Finsler Metric ◽  
Finsler Manifolds ◽  
Complex Finsler Metric ◽  
Bonnet Theorem

By defining the Rund Laplacian, we obtain the first and the second holomorphic variation formulas for the strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler metric. Using the holomorphic variation formulas, we get an estimate for the Levi forms of distance function on complex Finsler manifolds. Further, an estimate for the Rund Laplacians of distance function on strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler manifolds is obtained. As its applications, we get the Bonnet theorem and maximum principle on complex Finsler manifolds.

scholarly journals Jacobi-Maupertuis Randers-Finsler metric for curved spaces and the gravitational magnetoelectric effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 122501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumanto Chanda ◽  
G. W. Gibbons ◽  
Partha Guha ◽  
Paolo Maraner ◽  
Marcus C. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Magnetoelectric Effect ◽  
Finsler Metric ◽  
Curved Spaces
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document