scholarly journals METCALFA (METCALFA PRUINOSA SAY) INVASIVE PEST IN THE KRASNODAR REGION, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS MONITORING

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Александра Абдрахманова ◽  
Alexandra Abdrakhmanova ◽  
Алёна Собина ◽  
Alyona Sobina ◽  
Владимир Яковук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Phytophagous Insect ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Preferred Hosts

This paper presents the results of studying the distribution of a potentially hazardous invasive phytophagous insect Metcalfa pruinosa Say, also known as citrus flatid plant hopper, in Krasnodar functional urban areas. We have determined orchard plants which are preferred hosts of this species including some conifers. Also white sticky traps were tested as an instrument for monitoring the plant hopper

scholarly journals Sampling Methods for Adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in a Wild Tree Host of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 1997-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
N F Quinn ◽  
E J Talamas ◽  
T C Leskey ◽  
J C Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Research Priorities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Trissolcus Japonicus ◽  
Wild Tree ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps

Abstract Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an invasive pest that has established in much of the United States. Adventive populations of an effective Asian egg parasitoid of H. halys, Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), have been detected in several states, including Virginia, and its geographic range is expanding. Documenting changes in its distribution and abundance have thus become key research priorities. For these specific purposes, surveillance of T. japonicus over large geographic areas using sentinel H. halys egg masses may not be optimally efficient, and examination of alternative sampling tactics is warranted. In 2016, sentinel H. halys egg masses were deployed as vertical transects in the canopy of female Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) in Virginia. A brief follow-up study in 2016 using yellow sticky traps deployed in the same trees yielded captures of T. japonicus, leading to a comparison of vertical transects of sentinel eggs and yellow sticky traps in 2017. Both methods yielded T. japonicus detections only in the middle and upper tree canopies, whereas other known H. halys parasitoids were detected in the lower, middle, or upper canopies. Based on this information, a method for deploying yellow sticky traps in the middle canopy of H. halys host trees was assessed in 2017, yielding T. japonicus captures. A comparison of estimated time inputs revealed that traps were more efficient than sentinel eggs in this regard. Results are discussed in relation to the utility of each sampling method to address specific questions about the range expansion and ecology of T. japonicus.

scholarly journals Do Invasive Mosquito and Bird Species Alter Avian Malaria Parasite Transmission?

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué Martínez-de la Puente ◽  
Alazne Díez-Fernández ◽  
Tomás Montalvo ◽  
Rubén Bueno-Marí ◽  
Quentin Pangrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Monk Parakeet ◽  
Myiopsitta Monachus ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
High Fraction

Alien mosquito and vertebrate host species may create novel epidemiological scenarios for the transmission of pathogens naturally circulating in the invaded area. The exotic Monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) has established populations in Europe and is currently considered an invasive pest. Due to their high abundance in urban areas, Monk parakeets could be involved in the transmission of pathogens, potentially affecting wildlife and livestock. To test this hypothesis, we determined the prevalence and diversity of three vector-borne parasites, namely Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon, in Monk parakeets from Barcelona. Many areas of southern Europe shelter high densities of the invasive Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, which in addition to native mosquito species could affect the transmission of mosquito-borne parasites, such as avian Plasmodium. Thus, we also sampled mosquitoes in the area to trace their blood-feeding hosts and determine the presence of Plasmodium parasites. Monk parakeets were neither infected by Plasmodium nor by Haemoproteus parasites, and only five individuals (3.13%; n = 160) were infected by Leucocytozoon. Monk parakeets were bitten by Culiseta longiareolata and represented 9.5% of Culex pipiens blood meals. The invasive Ae. albopictus showed a clear anthropophilic feeding pattern, with humans dominating its diet. Three Plasmodium lineages were detected in pools of Cx pipiens. These results suggest that Plasmodium circulating in the area cannot develop in the invasive Monk parakeet, in spite of the relatively high fraction of native mosquito vectors feeding on this species in its invaded distribution range.

scholarly journals First Record of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Mask.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Greece and Some Observations οn its Phenology

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Katsouannos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
First Record ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Yellow Sticky Traps ◽  
Citrus Trees

Aleurothrixus.floccosus was first found in Greece on citrus trees in several urban areas of East Attica, in May 1991. During the following summer and autumn, all preimaginal instars of the insect were found on sample leaves. Adults were captured on yellow sticky traps throughout this period, until mid-December. During the winter (Dec., Jan.) the majority of the population consisted of third and fourth pre-imaginal instars. For control of A. floccosus, the parasitoid Coles noacki (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was imported into Greece from Spain in late 1991. The introduced populations were successfully multiplied in the insectary.

scholarly journals The jewel beetle Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva Linné, 1767, a new invasive urban pest of Cupressaceae in Cluj area (Romania) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia Bunescu ◽  
Teodora Florian
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Urban Pest ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

The jewel beetle Lamprodila festiva (Linné, 1767), in natural habitats of S Europe originally associated with Juniperus spp. (Juniper; Cupressaceae), has been recorded as a recent invasive pest in several European areas, affecting different genera of these coniferous trees and spreading rapidly during the last few years in many countries of Europe. The research was carried out in 2017-2018 in Cluj-Napoca area (Romania), in field and laboratory conditions. The aim of our studies was to identify and study some populations of this new invasive pest occurring in urban areas of NW Romania.

scholarly journals Feeding Preferences of Dogwood Sawfly Larvae Indicate Resistance in Cornus

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
W. E. Klingeman ◽  
F. Chen ◽  
H. J. Kim ◽  
P. C. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Host Suitability ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Phytophagous Insect ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Preferred Hosts

Abstract Dogwood sawfly (Macremphytus tarsatus Say) is a native, phytophagous insect that relies on Cornus sp. host plants for larval development. Feeding injury by dogwood sawflies is primarily aesthetic and seldom results in host plant death. Still, native and non-native dogwoods have not been evaluated for susceptibility to larval feeding by this aesthetically damaging wasp. Ten species or cultivars of dogwoods that are either naturalized native plants or economically significant landscape plants were assayed for host suitability to dogwood sawfly larvae in no-choice and choice experiments. Flowering, kousa and corneliancherry dogwoods were consistently ranked among the least susceptible host plants while ‘Sibirica’ tatarian, gray, and ‘Flaviramea’ golden-twig dogwoods were highly preferred hosts. Preliminary GC/MS comparisons of foliar metabolite extracts from all 10 species have identified five peaks of interest that varied between resistant and susceptible hosts. These results suggest that certain chemical constituents in foliage of dogwood species may be important predictors of host palatability. More research is needed to confirm this hypothesis before crossbreeding for sawfly resistance can proceed.

scholarly journals Evaluating Urban Green Public Spaces: The Case Study of Krasnodar Region Cities, Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 14059
Author(s):  
Nina Danilina ◽  
Ksenia Tsurenkova ◽  
Vladislav Berkovich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Krasnodar Region

The 21st century challenges, in particular those of climate change, population growth, air pollution and the COVID-19 pandemic global health crisis, demand greater emphasis on infrastructure facilities capable of keeping pace with population needs in well-being, health and economic prosperity. Green infrastructure aimed to intensify ecological processes in built-up areas and deliver vital ecosystem services is of a key significance for Russia, one of the most urbanized countries in the world. The article is dedicated to the issue of providing cities sustainability through creating a basic element of the urban green infrastructure—a public green network—by incorporating and linking a variety of already existing urban environmental components, both spatial and linear, such as natural areas, squares, parks, streets, boulevards, embankments and others. The territory of the case study is Krasnodar region located in the southwestern part of the North Caucasus, the warmest region of Russia characterized by highly varied urban areas. The authors propose the multiple criteria method for evaluating the existing GreenPS and creating a GreenPS framework for six cities located in Krasnodar region both on the southern seaward part and on the northern steppe part. This approach is focused on the sustainable development of the cities, adaptation to climate change and the prevention of local risks with respect to the preservation of ecosystem functions and cultural heritage. The methodology includes three stages: investigating and evaluating the present state of the existing urban GreenPS; defining sustainability potential; and the submission of master plan proposals for the improvement and further development and management of the GreenPS network implementing nature-based solutions. In addition, it follows seven main integral criteria, namely, Accessibility, Density, Sufficiency, Continuity, Diversity, Value and Clean and Sanitary, illustrated by ray diagrams. The results of the study show good potential for construction in Krasnodar region cities of an efficient GreenPS network integrating ecological and social city components. The flexibility of the method proposed makes it replicable for any other city aimed at creating a GreenPS network in sustainable, climate-change-adapted cities.

Management of minor ailments in primary schoolchildren in rural and urban areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J A Cantrill ◽  
B Johannesson ◽  
M Nicholson ◽  
P R Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Minor Ailments

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

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