scholarly journals Bridging Academia and Industry: How Geographic Hubs Connect University Science and Corporate Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3425-3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaël Bikard ◽  
Matt Marx
Keyword(s):  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
Localized Knowledge ◽  
University Science

Innovative firms rely increasingly on academic science, yet they exploit only a small fraction of all academic discoveries. Which discoveries in academia do firms build upon? We posit that hubs play the role of bridges between academic science and corporate technology. Tracking citations from patents to approximately 10 million academic articles, we find that hubs facilitate the flow of academic science into corporate inventions in two ways. First, hub-based discoveries in academia are of higher quality and are more applied. Second, firms—in particular young, innovative, science-oriented ones—pay disproportionate attention to hub-based discoveries. We address concerns regarding unobserved heterogeneity by confirming the role of firms’ attention to hub-based science in a set of 147 simultaneous discoveries. Importantly, hubs not only facilitate localized knowledge flow but also extend the geographic reach of academic science, attracting the attention of distant firms. This paper was accepted by Ashish Arora, entrepreneurship and innovation.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of R&D Intensity on Business Performance: Evidence from South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Hun Park ◽  
Jun-Hwan Park ◽  
Sujin Lee ◽  
Hyuk Hahn
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Knowledge Services

The role of R&D (research and development) intensity on the effect of knowledge services on the business performance of firms has been discussed by using PLS-SEM and PLS-MGA methods. Research groups were divided into two groups, innovative and non-innovative. Respondents were classified into innovative firms if their R&D intensity was over 3% and vice versa. PLS-SEM and PLS-MGA results were compared for two groups and valuable insights were extracted. For innovative firms, knowledge services seemed to be verified and processed by the decision makers and utilized to achieve their business performance. On the other hand, a large number of non-innovative firms seemed to have a stronger tendency to utilize knowledge services directly for their business without sufficient verification by the decision makers.

IFRS Adoption and Audit Delay: The Role of Shareholders in the Audit Committee

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Ishaq Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Ayoib Che-Ahmad ◽  
Mazrah Malek
Keyword(s):  
Audit Committee ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Delay Model ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between audit delay after IFRS adoption and the role of shareholders in the audit committee as well as testing the difference of pre-and post IFRS adoption periods. A sample of 101 firms with 505 firm-year observations over five year period for firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange was employed for the study, utilizing data from the annual report and accounts of the sample firms. Generalized Methods of Moment (GMM) estimation was used to check the effects of unobserved heterogeneity in audit delay model, while the test of difference in R2 value for pre-and post-adoption periods was determined using Cramer’s Z-statistics. Findings indicate that audit report lag is faster with shareholders in the audit committee. The study proved that brand named auditors such as Big4 can significantly perform faster audit task than non-Big4 firms in IFRS regime. The importance of the study’s findings demonstrates statistical inference on value relevance increase based on the unique IFRS adoption in Nigeria. Thus, regulators should consider increasing the tenure of shareholders in the audit committee to enable them to become more familiar with the corporate reporting under IFRS regime.

scholarly journals Development of cooperation in Belarus and formation of personnel potential of the Belarusian State University in the 1920s

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Siarhei M. Khodzin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
State University ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
The Status ◽  
The University ◽  
University Science

The relevance of the problems of cooperative construction in the formation of Belarusian scientific schools is determined. The role of the Belarusian State University in the development of problems of cooperation in the 1920s is characterised. The activity of S. L. Pevsner as a representative of the economic thought of the 1920s is studied. In the perspective of «history through personality», the problems of the formation of the personnel potential of Belarusian State University are revealed. The relations between the management and the teaching staff of the university, the status and issues of material well-being of teachers invited to Belarusian State University are characterised. The conclusion is made about a significant personnel shortage and the presence of serious competition in the personnel sphere of university science in the 1920s with the development of higher education in the USSR.

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INNOVATIVE FIRMS IN KOREA: THE ROLE OF R&D AND INNOVATION TYPE

1999 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 111-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONG-TAE PARK ◽  
CHUL-HYUN KIM ◽  
JI-HYO LEE
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
Unexpected Findings ◽  
Innovation Type ◽  
Recent Extension

In spite of the recent extension of our knowledge on technological innovation, little inquiry has been made of the distinctive characteristics between R&D firms and non-R&D firms, as well as between product-innovative firms and process-innovative firms. To this end, the main objective of this empirical study, grounded on a large-scale innovation survey of Korean manufacturing firms, is to contrast these two types of firms. The results were mixed. Some hypotheses were confirmed while others were discordant with expectation. By and large, R&D firms and product-innovative firms seem to share a similar propensity, whereas non-R&D firms and process-innovative firms are alike in character. However, there were some unexpected findings which merit attention and are worthy of in-depth examination. Although the study is subject to limitations in terms of its research design and data gathering, the results render some important policy implications. Furthermore, comparative analyses between different types of innovations need to be addressed more extensively in future research.

Internal and external search strategies of innovative firms: the role of the target market

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Ruiz-Pava ◽  
Clemente Forero-Pineda
Keyword(s):  
International Markets ◽  
Search Strategies ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Internal Sources

Purpose This paper aims to develop the concept of internal search of ideas to show the contrast between search strategies adopted by firms that introduce new products into local and international markets. Design/methodology/approach Based on data from 2,652 innovative firms, the paper uses factor analysis to explore and confirm appropriate groups of sources of innovative ideas. The analysis differentiates between internal and two types of external sources. Logistic and bivariate regressions reveal different search strategies for innovation in local and international markets. Findings Firms reporting products new to international markets exhibit search strategies combining ideas from internal sources with ideas from other firms. Firms reporting products new to local market reveal a search strategy centered on ideas from other firms. Practical implications Managers and policymakers wishing to promote innovations for international markets should concentrate their resources on developing the organizations’ capacity to generate ideas internally while monitoring other firms’ ideas. Managers targeting local markets may focus their efforts on intelligence over ideas coming from other firms. Originality/value Clarifying the relationship between knowledge and ideas, the paper finds that search strategies of firms are more effective for innovation depending on the target market. Firms searching for ideas among other firms generate ideas that might trigger innovation in products new to local markets. Firms searching both for internal and external ideas generate ideas leading to products new to international markets.

Universities

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earle Holland
Keyword(s):  
Department Chair ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Science Writing ◽  
State University ◽  
The Public ◽  
Science Writer ◽  
Public Information Officers ◽  
The One ◽  
University Science

Science writing at a university has to be one of the world's great jobs. If the institution is serious about its research, you're a kid in a candy store. In my case, at Ohio State University, with more than 3,500 faculty, the question is what to write about first—not where to look for stories. Big universities are that way, but the same rules apply for smaller places that are intent on doing great research. Let's begin with the basics. While public information officers at universities face a buffet of varying tasks—from covering boards of trustees' meetings to athletic scandals to student riots—the role of the science PIO is more focused: Concentrate on university research; explain what is new and why it is important to the public. Stated that way, the job seems simple, but science writers at a university may have to jump from astronomy to immunology to psychology to anthropology all in the same week. That represents a lot of intellectual gear shifting; but remember, the rules about reporting on research generally stay the same from field to field. What is the news? Why is it important? What is the context for the research? That is, what are the questions that drive it? Why should the readers care? And last, do the findings point us somewhere new? The only things that change from story to story are the researchers' language and the culture specific to their fields. Nearly every time I give a talk on university science writing—and there have been dozens—someone asks the classic question: How do you find your stories? The glib answer is “Everywhere;” but in truth, that's pretty accurate. Some people envision situations where top researchers have a “eureka” moment and then immediately get on the phone to the campus science writer to get the word out. Or perhaps the researcher's department chair or dean, ever attuned to their colleagues' work, is the one to pass along such news. I wish that were so; but sadly, it's more likely that researcher, department chair, or dean will never think about calling a writer until long after everything else is done.

scholarly journals Do Value-Added Estimates Add Value? Accounting for Learning Dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Andrabi ◽  
Jishnu Das ◽  
Asim Ijaz Khwaja ◽  
Tristan Zajonc
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Value Added Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Biased Estimates

This paper illustrates the central role of persistence in estimating and interpreting value-added models of learning. Using data from Pakistani public and private schools, we apply dynamic panel methods that address three key empirical challenges: imperfect persistence, unobserved heterogeneity, and measurement error. Our estimates suggest that only one-fifth to one-half of learning persists between grades and that private schools increase average achievement by 0.25 standard deviations each year. In contrast, value-added models that assume perfect persistence yield severely downward estimates of the private school effect. Models that ignore unobserved heterogeneity or measurement error produce biased estimates of persistence. (JEL I21, J13, O15)

scholarly journals A. A. Chibilyov, A. A. Tishkov. 2018. The History of the Natural Reserve System of Russia. Moscow: Russian Geographical Society, Permanent Conservation Commission, 218 p. [in Russian]

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
G. S. Rozenberg ◽  
S. V. Saksonov
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reserve System

The monograph of A. A. Chibilyov and A. A. Tishkov is a great gift for the 100th anniversary of the natural reserve system of Russia. The authors provide a chronology of the main events in the history of nature conservation in Russia (1895—2017). Particular attention is paid to the role of academic science. Compactness, informativeness and availability of presentation of materials about the history of our conservation business are fully worthy of this work being presented in the schools and higher educational institutions of the country.

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