scholarly journals Maternal cigarette smoking cessation and infant term low birth weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Zhu ◽  
James Shelton ◽  
Vanessa M. Barnabei ◽  
Chan Li ◽  
Gary A. Giovino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking

Race Differences in the Proportion of Low Birth Weight Attributable to Maternal Cigarette Smoking in a Low-Income Population

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Infant Birth

Purpose. To quantify race differences in the public health impact of maternal cigarette smoking on infant birth weight and to estimate the proportion of low birth weight births that could be prevented by maternal smoking cessation. Design. A cohort that consisted of 77,751 mother-infant pairs was evaluated retrospectively. Setting. Statewide study of Women, Infants and Children participants in North Carolina. Subjects. African-American and non-Hispanic white women who delivered a single live infant during 1988, 1989, or 1990. Measures. Logistic regression estimates of the relative risk of low birth weight births for smokers were used to calculate adjusted population attributable risk percentages for smoking. Separate population attributable risk percentages were calculated for total low birth weight, moderately low birth weight, and very low birth weight, and all estimates were adjusted for prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, age, education, parity, and timing of entry into prenatal care. Results. Non-Hispanic whites had a much higher prevalence of smoking and were heavier smokers than African-Americans. For both moderately low birth weight and very low birth weight, the population attributable risk percentages for smoking were twice as high for non-Hispanic whites than for African-Americans. Overall, after adjustment, 30.7% of low birth weight births among non-Hispanic whites and 14.4% of low birth weight births among African-Americans were attributable to smoking. Conclusions. Although the public health impact of maternal cigarette smoking on infant birth weight was twice as high for non-Hispanic whites as for African-Americans in this low-income population, smoking cessation by all low-income pregnant women would result in significant improvements in infant health and well-being.

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight and subsequent blood pressure in early childhood

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin V Blake ◽  
Lyle C Gurrin ◽  
Sharon F Evans ◽  
Lawrence J Beilin ◽  
Louis I Landau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking

scholarly journals Smoking and Smoking Cessation in the Risk for Fetal Growth Restriction and Low Birth Weight and Additive Effect of Maternal Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Lewandowska ◽  
Barbara Więckowska ◽  
Lidia Sztorc ◽  
Stefan Sajdak
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Mean

Many studies have shown that neonates of smoking mothers have a lower birth weight, but several issues remain poorly studied, e.g., the effects of giving up smoking or the combined effects of smoking and maternal obesity. Therefore, we evaluated a prospective cohort of 912 mothers in a single pregnancy, recruited in Poland, in 2015−2016. In the cohort, we recorded 72 (7.9%) newborns with birth weight <10th percentile, 21 (2.3%) fetal growth restriction (FGR) cases, and 60 (6.6%) low birth weight (LBW, <2500 g) newborns. In the cohort, 168 (18.4%) women smoked before pregnancy; the mean number of cigarettes/day was 10.8 (1–30), and the mean number of years of cigarette smoking was 8.5 (1–25). Among smokers, 57 (6.3%) women smoked in the first trimester. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of newborn outcomes (with 95% confidence intervals, CI) was calculated in multi-dimensional logistic regressions. Compared to participants who had never smoked, smoking before pregnancy was associated with a higher odds ratio of birth weight <10th percentile (AOR = 1.93, CI: 1.08–3.44, p = 0.027), but the result for LBW (AOR = 2.76, CI: 1.05–7.26, p = 0.039) and FGR (AOR = 1.13, CI: 0.38–3.36, p = 0.822) had the wider confidence interval or was insignificant. Effects of smoking cessation before pregnancy were statistically insignificant for the studied outcomes. Smoking in the first trimester was associated with a higher risk of birth weight <10th percentile (AOR = 4.68, CI: 2.28–9.62, p < 0.001), LBW (AOR = 6.42, CI: 1.84–22.36, p = 0.004), and FGR (AOR = 3.60, CI: 0.96–13.49, p = 0.057). Smoking cessation in the second/third trimester was associated with a higher odds ratio of birth weight <10th percentile (AOR = 4.54, CI: 1.58–13.02, p = 0.005), FGR (AOR = 3.36, CI: 0.6–18.74, p = 0.167), and LBW (AOR = 2.14, CI: 0.62–7.36), p = 0.229), to a similar degree to smoking in the first trimester. The odds ratios were higher in the subgroup of pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 for the risk of birth weight <10th percentile (AOR = 6.39, CI: 2.01–20.34, p = 0.002) and FGR (AOR = 6.25, CI: 0.86–45.59, p = 0.071). The length of cigarette smoking time was also the risk factor for studied outcomes. Conclusions: Smoking in the first trimester increased the studied risks, and the coexistence of excessive maternal weight increased the effects. Smoking cessation during the second/third trimester did not have a protective effect.

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