ANALYSIS OF ELDERLY FINANCIAL STABILITY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES – CLASSIFICATION APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Borda ◽  
Patrycja Kowalczyk-Rólczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
Poverty Risk ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The purpose of the paper is to analyze and compare the financial situation of elderly people in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The above countries have gone through similar transformation path to market economy in their socio-economic development and they have been faced similar demographic and economic problems. The financial situation of elderly people in CEE region has been strongly influenced by demographic trends, changes in macroeconomic situation and reforms of existing pension systems. Increasing lifetime, low replacement rate from the public pension systems and little pension savings or even a lack of them cause that increasing number of elderly people can be exposed to financial instability or even poverty risk. Consequently, the examination of the financial standing of the elderly in CEE region seems to be an important scientific and practical issue.In the analysis, six variables measuring the level of income and expenses, exposure to poverty risk as well as gender differences in disposable income for age group of 65 years or over were included. The data characterizing the financial situation of elderly people in eleven CEE countries was acquired from Eurostat database. The authors applied Ward’s method and the k-means method in order to classify the examined countries according to the financial standing of elderly people. The obtained results allow to indicate countries with similar financial situation of elderly people in 2007, 2010 and 2014 as well as changes in clusters over the analyzed period. Moreover, the variance analysis was applied to indicate the influence of particular variables on the clustering results. The main findings show that the financial situation of the elderly in CEE countries is very differentiated and changeable, however over the analyzed period financial standing of the elderly seems to be the most similar in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE SOLIDARITY PENSION SYSTEM IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
О. Сhebereyako ◽  
◽  
V.. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Revenue Collection ◽  
Accumulation System ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to actual issues of public finance – old-age income support and social security in the twenty-first century. For this reason, government has tried to guarantee old-age’s pension eligibility. In our country pension system is presented with three-level pension system, which join mandatory and voluntary components – solidary system (first level), compulsory accumulation system (not exist now) and private pension system. According to Ukrainian’s pension model, basic and minimum pensions are funded by solidary system or PAYG (“Pay-As-You-Go”) system. As the results, maintains of sufficient financial resources of Pension fund’s budget is very important for financial stability of pension system. The authors show the relationship between sufficient financial support for the elderly in Ukraine and the financial capacity of the solidarity pension system. It was found that in order to form a financially stability pension system, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient amount of own pension fund revenues and avoiding deficit of the Pension Fund’s budget. So, the main indicators of current PAYG system in Ukraine include the public pension expenditures and deficit of the Pension Fund. The article presents dynamics of revenues to the Pension Fund of Ukraine and structure of own pension fund revenues and allocations from the government budged. According to author’s research, the main source of revenue collection of the Pension fund’s budget in Ukraine is the budget’s transfers. О. Чеберяко, В. Бикова ISSN 2078-5860 ФОРМУВАННЯ РИНКОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ. 2019. Вип. 41 480 The budget expenditures in the structure of income of the pension fund are also analyzed. The total amount of the government budget expenditures that are directed to financing the pension fund are about twenty percent. In our opinion, the key reasons of the “lack of own income” are the shadowing of the economy, the macroeconomic situation, the low minimum wage, the existence of a limit on the maximum amount of wages, which accrues percent of social contribution. As a conclusion, the authors suggest measures for solving the issue of “lack of own income” of the Pension Fund of Ukraine – rising the retirement age, labor market’s reforming, increasing insurance fees and implement compulsory accumulation system. The analytical materials and conclusions can be useful for following researches of finding solutions for achieving the financial stable Pay-You-Go system. Key words: pension system, The Pension fund, social insurance payments, deficit of The Pension fund, government budget.

scholarly journals Altering Cooking and Eating Habits during the Romanian Communist Regime by Using Cookbooks

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Ina Irina Ghita
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
At Home

This digital project examines the role of a cook book, Sanda Marin’s Carte de Bucate, first published in 1936,  as a vehicle for social education in Communist Romania. The book was censored and transformed during the Communist regime as two interconnected phenomena were taking place: the reinforcing of the ideology of the Communist model and an increasing economic crisis that led to scarcity of food. The paper also pays attention to how the language and tone used in the book changed depending on the understanding of gender roles in different decades. In spite of Communist claims of an equal division of responsibilities, procuring of food and cooking was considered a woman’s task.   By addressing equal responsibility in the public sphere, not at home, the progress toward gender equity reached after the War was completely erased during communism since women had to work and also be responsible for all domestic duties at home, a situation that has been similar in other eastern European countries to this day.  

scholarly journals Healthy Ageing in Place: Enablers and Barriers from the Perspective of the Elderly. A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6451
Author(s):  
Cristina Bosch-Farré ◽  
Maria Carmen Malagón-Aguilera ◽  
David Ballester-Ferrando ◽  
Carme Bertran-Noguer ◽  
Anna Bonmatí-Tomàs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Ageing In Place ◽  
Generic Qualitative

Background: Most elderly people wish to grow old at their own homes. The sociodemographic characteristics; home and neighbourhood conditions; and the social services support and networks are determinants in the possibility of “ageing in place”. The present study aimed to explore the ageing in place phenomenon, as well as the enablers and barriers that interact in a healthy ageing from the perspective of the elderly connected to local entities. Methods: A generic qualitative design was proposed in the Health Region of Girona in Catalonia (Spain). Seventy-one elderly people were purposefully selected. Six focus groups were conducted, and data were thematically analysed. Results: Three key themes were generated: (1) Participants experienced ageing differently. The physical and mental health, the family environment and financial stability were key elements for life quality. (2) The perception of the elderly’s role in the community depended on their age, health status and attitude towards life. (3) The participants identified several enablers and barriers to healthy ageing in place. Conclusions: The promotion of older people’s autonomy and wellbeing, together with the creation of an active network of health and social services, may improve the possibility for elderly to age at home and avoid or delay institutionalisation.

scholarly journals Medical and economic burden of influenza in the elderly population in central and eastern European countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kovács ◽  
Gábor Kovács ◽  
Zoltán Kaló ◽  
Zoltán Kaló ◽  
Karina Jahnz-Rozyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Burden ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Eastern European Countries

scholarly journals Diagnosis of mental illness in elderly people from ethnic minorities

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lindesay
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Ethnic Minority Population ◽  
The Uk

From the 1991 census (Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1993) it is estimated that 5.9% of the total population of England and Wales belong to an ethnic minority, and that 3% of this ethnic minority population are aged 65 years and older. This compares with 17% aged 65 years and older in the indigenous population. Although the numbers of elderly people from ethnic minorities are small in absolute terms, these groups are growing rapidly, and mental health professionals working with elderly patients will increasingly need to be equipped with the necessary services and skills to meet their specific needs. The elderly ethnic minority population of the UK is extremely diverse; the largest groups originate from the Indian subcontinent and the Caribbean, but there are also significant communities of Chinese, Somali, Vietnamese, Eastern European, Mediterranean and Irish origin, all of which require consideration when planning and providing services, whatever their numbers. This diversity is also important when considering the various factors that influence the presentation and diagnosis of mental disorders in these groups.

Recent Changes in Suicide Rates in Selected Eastern European and Other European Countries

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Sartorius
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
European Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Health Organization

Recent major political changes in Eastern European countries might have affected their suicide rates. For this article, suicide statistics available to the World Health Organization were used to compare data from eight Eastern European countries to those from seven countries in Northern or Western Europe. Comparisons were made between 1987 and 1991/92 data using total suicide rates for each country, rates by gender, and rates for the elderly (age 75 and older). The total rates indicated an increase in suicide in Eastern European countries and a decrease in other European countries. The ratio of male-to-female suicides in the Eastern European countries increased during this time as well, more than in other European countries. Among those over the age of 75, however, rates of suicide in Eastern European countries decreased; this pattern was less clear in the European countries chosen for comparison. The article discusses the role of economic, cultural, and health service factors affecting these trends.

Alternative Views on the Participation of Non-Euro Zone Countries at the Bank Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Liliana Donath ◽  
Veronica Mihutescu Cerna
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Macroprudential Policies ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Abstract The reformation of the bank systems’ regulation and supervision in The European Union was founded on a macroprudential approach to monitor systemic risks and the vulnerabilities in a more effective way. Considered as the backbone of the new macroprudential supervision architecture, the Bank Union raises intense debates among the catching up economies. The fact that there are few studies on the costs and benefits of joining the Bank Union for the Central and Eastern European countries, explains the different views of the decision makers concerning this issue. The study stresses the manner in which macroprudential policies were implemented in Romania, as a particular case among the CEE countries, and the extent of their contribution to mitigating vulnerabilities and maintaining financial stability. The paper summarises the main arguments in favour of joining the Bank Union by emphasising the Romanian monetary authorities’ stance compared to those of the neighbouring CEE countries.

scholarly journals How Taxes Can Contribute to The Implementation of The Public Governance Strategy? – An Analysis for Eastern European Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Cristina Vlad ◽  
Birol Ibadula ◽  
Petre Brezeanu
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Contributions ◽  
Governance Strategy ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The paper begins with a short literature review regarding the public governance concept in the EU approach and its methods for establishing a common way to manage different situations for all member states; we discovered that the problems they confront with have to do with good governance and qualitative public administration. In the second part, we developed an econometric model for three Eastern European countries and we found a strong correlation between the total revenues from taxes and social contributions and total gross debt in 2002-2014 period. We ended the paper by emphasizing the conclusions obtained.

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