scholarly journals Lifespan Development of Syntactic Ability from Early Childhood to Old Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hye Yoon ◽  
Hye Yeong Jeong ◽  
YoonKyoung Lee ◽  
Yu-Seop Kim ◽  
Jieun Choi ◽  
...  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
YoonKyoung Lee ◽  
Jieun Choi ◽  
Ji Hye Yoon ◽  
Yu-Seop Kim ◽  
Jun Sang Min ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Angelina R. Sutin

Despite its early struggles to survive, openness is now recognized as a personality trait with far-reaching consequences. This chapter is an overview of how individual differences in cognitive flexibility, sensitivity to aesthetics, depth of feeling, and preference for novelty contribute to important domains of functioning. Briefly reviewed will be conceptualizations of openness, some measurement considerations, and where it fits within the nomological net of related constructs. The chapter is then devoted to the nature and consequences of openness, arranged from the biological to the societal. Research on the biological roots of openness and its developmental trajectory from early childhood through old age are then covered. Also considered is how openness contributes to nearly every aspect of functioning, including health and well-being, employment, person presentation and perception, marriage and family, and its geographic implications.


Thorax ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 916-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutong Cai ◽  
Seif O Shaheen ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Diana Kuh ◽  
Anna L Hansell

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Carlos Iván Orellana

<p><em><strong>Español</strong></em></p><p>La Psicología del desarrollo constituye un campo de conocimiento cuya existencia se da por descontada en el imaginario académico de la psicología salvadoreña. No obstante, existe una Psicología del desarrollo dominante que se ve reproducida en textos, clases y discursos, mientras que otra distinta, consecuente con la realidad histórica donde su estudio tiene lugar, aún es una tarea pendiente. Al considerar la descontextualización como uno de los presupuestos fundamentales de la Psicología del desarrollo dominante al uso, en este artículo de carácter teórico se reflexiona sobre esta desde la perspectiva del caso salvadoreño en tanto sociedad inhóspita: aquella que compromete el avance del ciclo vital de la mayoría de la población por, entre otras características, ser violenta y desigual. Son sometidas a escrutinio las conocidas categorías analíticas de la Psicología del desarrollo definidas como influencias normativas y no normativas para mostrar la relatividad y los sesgos de su aplicación usual. Se sostiene que, en el marco de una sociedad inhóspita, una Psicología del desarrollo debe considerar, al menos, procesos de adultización prematura en la niñez y la juventud, la improbabilidad de biografías estables, la vejez precaria así como las características típicas que muestran los miembros del contexto de interés. Se propone avanzar una Psicología del desarrollo crítica: la necesidad de reacomodar su quehacer y reinventarse epistemológicamente para construir un conocimiento situado, propio y multidisciplinario que supere cegueras, provincianismos y reduccionismos académicos.</p><p><em><strong>English</strong></em></p><p><span>Developmental Psychology is a field of knowledge whose existence is taken for granted in the academic imagination of Salvadoran psychology. However, there is a mainstream Developmental Psychology that is reproduced in texts, lectures and discourses, while a different one, consistent with the historical reality where its study takes place, and is still a pending task. Considering de-contextualization as one of its fundamental assumptions, this theoretical article deals with the situation of Developmental Psychology from the perspective of the Salvadoran case as an Inhospitable Society: one that distorts the progress of most of its people´s life cycle, due to, among other features, its violence and social inequality. Very well known analytical categories such as normative and non-normative developmental trends are subjected to scrutiny to show the relativity and biases of their usual applications. It is argued that, in the context of an inhospitable society, Developmental Psychology should consider at least: Early Childhood and Youth Adultisation Processes, the improbability of stable biographies, Precarious Old Age and the typical features of individuals living in the context of interest. It aims to advance a Critical Developmental Psychology: the need to rearrange the work and to reinvent itself epistemologically in order to construct a situated, appropriated and multidisciplinary knowledge that overcomes blindness, provincialism and academic reductionism.</span></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Tsung ◽  
Yang Frank Gong

This article reports on an inquiry that investigated the development of ba constructions in early childhood Mandarin. All cases of ba construction were extracted from the Early Childhood Mandarin Corpus collected from 168 preschoolers aged 2;6, 3;6, 4;6, and 5;6 (year; month; Li and Tse, 2011). Early Childhood Mandarin Corpus, University of Hong Kong. Data analysis indicated that: (1) Mandarin-speaking children produced a repertoire of 11 types of ba construction, and the children in the youngest age group (age 2;6) were able to produce six types of them; (2) children at 4 years old (age 4;6) experienced a critical developmental period of pragmatic use, and at 5 years old (age 5;6) they had attained cognitive and linguistic maturity in understanding the semantic and syntactic features of ba constructions; and (3) there was a significant age effect on the production of three types of ba construction, but no significant association between the children’s gender and their production of ba constructions. These findings offer fresh insights into understanding Chinese children’s innate capacity to understand the co-occurrence constraints concerning the syntactic, semantic and verb features inherent in ba construction, and their developmental ability to denote telic events by resorting to the appropriate ba sentence patterns.


2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisheva van der Hal-van Raalte ◽  
Marinus H. Van IJzendoorn ◽  
Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg

Author(s):  
Beyhan Özge Yersel ◽  
Ender Durualp

Development is a dynamic process starting from prenatal period and lasting for life. In order to understand development, some basic concepts such as development, growth, progress, change, maturation, learning, readiness, period, critical period, time, and historical time should be mentioned. To understand development, it is necessary to know the principle of development. Development is affected by biological and many environmental factors. It is accepted that development is a product of heredity and environment. The periods of development, which take part in the life of the individual and defined with certain characteristics, are classified as prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Development is examined by branching such as physical, motor, cognitive, language, social and emotional, personality, moral, perceptual development, and sexual development. Families and educators play an important role in supporting the development of children. Ethics is a very sensitive issue in child development.


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