Dried blood spot (DBS) testing for infants born to mothers with hepatitis B

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (Sup9) ◽  
pp. S7-S10
Author(s):  
Michelle Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Practice Nurses ◽  
Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Blood Spot

Hepatitis B is a vaccine preventable disease that can lead to serious complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure and death. Globally, the most common route of HBV acquisition is via perinatal transmission: from mother to baby at the time of birth. Pregnant women in the UK are tested for hepatitis B infection to reduce the risk of perinatal transmission by ensuring early identification, treatment and management of any pregnant women, and their unborn babies, who test positive. If infants born to women with hepatitis B infection receive post-exposure vaccination (+/− hepatitis B immunoglobulin) within the recommended timescales, 90% of them will be protected from chronic persistent infection and serious complications such as cirrhosis, liver failure and death. However, HBV infection in infants can be asymptomatic so testing them at 1 year old is essential to detect whether they are infected and require treatment. Public Health England provide a national dried blood spot (DBS) testing service for infants born to mothers with hepatitis B infection during pregnancy. Practice nurses can play a key role in this process, helping to protect infants.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of a nurse-delivered home dried blood spot service on uptake of testing for household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women across two London trusts

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 2087-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. KEEL ◽  
G. EDWARDS ◽  
J. FLOOD ◽  
G. NIXON ◽  
K. BEEBEEJAUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Blood Spot

SUMMARYDespite national guidance recommending testing and vaccination of household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women, provision and uptake of this is sub-optimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of in-home dried blood spot (DBS) testing to increase testing and vaccination of household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women as an alternative approach to conventional primary-care follow-up. The study was conducted across two London maternity trusts (North Middlesex and Newham). All hepatitis B surface antigen-positive pregnant women identified through these trusts were eligible for inclusion. The intervention of in-home DBS testing for household contacts was introduced at North Middlesex Trust from November 2010 to December 2011. Data on testing and vaccination uptake from GP records across the two trusts were compared between baseline (2009) and intervention (2010–2011) periods. In-home DBS service increased testing uptake for all ages (P < 0·001) with the biggest impact seen in partners, where testing increased from 30·3% during the baseline period to 96·6% during the intervention period in North Middlesex Trust. Although impact on vaccine uptake was less marked, improvements were observed for adults. The provision of nurse-led home-based DBS may be useful in areas of high prevalence.

Application of dried blood spot in the sero-diagnosis of hepatitis B infection (HBV) in an HBV hyper-endemic nation

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
JosephC Forbi ◽  
JoyO Obagu ◽  
SilasD Gyar ◽  
ChristopherR Pam ◽  
GraceR Pennap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Blood Spot

Assessment of dried blood spot samples as a simple method for detection of hepatitis B virus markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1522-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Melo Villar ◽  
Jaqueline Correia de Oliveira ◽  
Helena Medina Cruz ◽  
Clara Fumiko Tachibana Yoshida ◽  
Elisabeth Lampe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Markers ◽  
Blood Spot

Prevention of Hepatitis B Infection in Newborns Through Mass Screening and Delayed Vaccination of All Infants of Mothers With Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048
Author(s):  
Solko W. Schalm ◽  
J. Adriaan Mazel ◽  
Gijsbert C. de Gast ◽  
Rudolf A. Heijtink ◽  
Meindert J. Botman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Large City ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Active Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Beginning in 1982 all pregnant women undergoing prenatal routine blood analysis in three large city hospitals and one large rural area were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Infants of all HBsAg-positive mothers received hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg), 0.5 mL/kg of body weight within two hours of birth and, after randomization, 10 µg of hepatitis B vaccine either at 0, 1, 2, and 11 months of age (schedule A) or at 3, 4, 5, and 11 months of age (schedule B). A second injection of HBIg (1 mL) was given to infants on schedule B at 3 months of age. Blood samples were obtained at 3, 6, 11, 12, 24, and 36 months. In a two-year period, 28,412 pregnant women were tested for HBsAg; screening efficiency varied between 85% and 98%. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 0.8%, with a marked variation between urban centers (2.2%) and the rural area (0.3%). Vaccinations were received by 180 of 193 infants of HBsAg-positive mothers (90 on schedule A and 90 on schedule B). Concentrations of hepatitis B surface antibody less than 10 IU/L were observed in nine instances in five children from group A and in seven instances in six children from group B. Four hepatitis B viral infections (two HBsAg carriers, two who underwent antihepatitis B core seroconversions) were recorded in group A v one infection (antihepatitis B core seroconversion) in group B. The protective efficacy of the program (screening plus passive immunization and delayed vaccination) was 94%. The estimated cost of preventing one case of hepatitis B infection in neonates was $3,000 (US currency). It is concluded that screening all pregnant women for HBsAg can be introduced effectively at reasonable costs in a country with a low prevalence of HBsAg and a high proportion of home deliveries. Delayed active vaccination starting at 3 months of age may be an effective and, for reasons of high compliance and low cost, attractive alternative to early active vaccination.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Hepatitis B infection among pregnant women in Minna, Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S Ndams ◽  
I.A Joshua ◽  
S.A Luka ◽  
H.O Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection
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