Locating Crimea in Russian History

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Southern Russia

This introductory chapter locates Crimea in Russian history. Early in the spring of 1783, Empress Catherine II announced that Russia had at long last annexed the Crimean Khanate. Russia had annexed coastal territory before as well, though it was possession of Crimea that gave it a substantive presence on the Black Sea. Crimea was neither the biggest nor the most lucrative of the empire's acquisitions. Its significance rests instead in the combination of cultural, chronological, and geographical conditions that made it an object of intense fascination and anxiety in distant St. Petersburg. Ultimately, the khanate presented a novel opportunity to Catherine and the “viceroy of Southern Russia,” Prince Grigorii Potemkin. Surveying the steppe, the mountains, the rivers, and the sea, they saw an opportunity not simply to integrate a new province, but to build a new empire—a southern empire.

SOME ISSUES OF THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE IRANIAN TRIBES IN SOUTH RUSSIA IN MODERN HISTORIOGRAPHY.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Л. Чибиров
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Early History ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Cultural World

В статье на основе историографических данных освещаются вопросы ранней истории иранских племен южной России, населявших обширные территории Великой Степи, протянувшейся от Байкала на востоке до среднего течения Дуная на западе. Будучи гигантским природным коридором, соединявшим цивилизации Азии и Европы, Великая Степь являлась естественным продолжением иранского культурного мира, определявшего собой культурный облик прикаспийской и приаральской Азии и тесно связанного с культурным миром Месопотамии. Великая Степь постоянно принимала поток мигрантов-кочевников, двигавшихся с востока на запад. В историографии зона постоянных ареальных контактов названа циркумпонтийским регионом, с разных сторон примыкающим к Черному морю. Данные археологии дают основания усматривать здесь экспансию кавказских металлургических центров и связанных с ними степных групп в балкано-дунайский регион, что является результатом расселения древних индоевропейцев из каспийско-черноморских степей на запад и юго-запад с дальнейшим выделением конкретных индоевропейских групп. Одним из первых ученых, уделившим пристальное внимание иранству и эллинству как основе, на которой зарождалось славянство в южнорусских степях, был М.И.Ростовцев, роль и значимость которого для российской археологии и антиковедения трудно переоценить. The article on the basis of the historiographic data highlights the early history of the Iranian tribes of Southern Russia, which inhabited the vast territory of the Great Steppe, stretching from the Baikal in the east to the middle reaches of the Danube in the west. Being a gigantic natural corridor connecting the civilizations of Asia and Europe, the Great Steppe was a natural continuation of the Iranian cultural world, which determined the cultural image of the Caspian and the Aral Sea Asia and was closely connected with the cultural world of Mesopotamia. The Great Steppe constantly received a stream of nomad migrants moving from east to west. In historiography, the zone of constant areal contacts is called the Circumpontic region, which from different directions was adjacent to the Black Sea. Archeological data give grounds to see here the expansion of the Caucasian metallurgical centers and related steppe groups into the Balkan-Danube region, which is the result of the settlement of the ancient Indo-Europeans from the Caspian-Black Sea steppes to the west and south-west with the further identification of specific Indo-European groups. One of the first scholars to pay close attention to Iran and Hellenism as the basis on which Slavs arose in the southern Russian steppes was M.I.Rostovtsev, whose role and significance for Russian archeology and study of antiquity can hardly be overestimated.

scholarly journals APPROBATION OF DIGITAL MODEL FOR SELECTION TERROIRS AND VARIETIES IN THE BLACK SEA AGROECOLOGICAL ZONE OF VITICULTURE OF SOUTHERN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (62) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Anna Aleksandrovna Marmorshtein ◽  
◽  
Valeriy Semionovich Petrov ◽  
Elena Georgievna Pyata ◽  
Alla Yur'evna Yurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Digital Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Agroecological Zone

Кастамону — история провинциального центра на западном побережье Черного моря

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Russian Immigrants ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Good Trade

Аннотация Выбор темы для статьи объясняется двумя основными обстоятельствами: первое представляют немалый интерес, но мало известны материалы поездки Мустафы Кемаля в Кастамону в августе 1925г. Ее смысл состоял в том, чтобы убедить местных мужчин заменить прежний головной убор (греческая феска) на европейскую шляпу, а женщин уговорить отказаться от традиционной душной одежды, которая закрывала почти все лицо. Усилия Кемаля не имели в то время успеха, особенно среди женщин, но сегодня ситуация совершенно иная. Второй сюжет также связан с Кастамону, в XIIIв. являвшимся столицей провинции Пафлагонии, в связи с организацией там морской экспедиции к Крыму. Добравшиеся до крымского порта Судак греки вступили в торговые и политические контакты с местными татарами, а также с южнорусскими переселенцами. Таким образом, можно считать, что греки из Кастамону выступали в качестве, возможно, первых партнеров русских переселенцев в освоении Черного моря. Работа основана на оригинальных и малоизвестных свидетельствах, а также на трудах российских, турецких и западных авторов.Abstract The theme for the article has been chosen because of two main storylines: the first one is Mustafa Kemals trip to Kastamonu in August, 1925, which is little known despite being of considerable interest. The point of this trip was to convince local men to replace their Greek fez headgear with European-style hats and to persuade the local women to abandon their traditional stifling clothes which covered their faces. Kemals efforts were not successful back then, especially among the women, but today the situation is completely different. The second story is also related to Kastamonu, which was the capital of the Paphlagonia province in the 13th century, and it tells of maritime expeditions to Crimea. The Greeks who reached the Crimean port of Sudak established good trade and political contacts with the local Tatars, as well as with immigrants from Southern Russia. It could be argued that the Greeks from Kastamonu were the first people to partner with the Russian immigrants in the development of the Black Sea. The work is based on original and little-known evidence, as well as the works of Russian, Turkish and Western authors.

scholarly journals Reporting of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) in the Territory of Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
I. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. N. Yakunin ◽  
D. E. Abibulaev ◽  
V. V. Vladychak ◽  
N. V. Boroday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Vector Population ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Entomological Monitoring ◽  
Southern Russia

Abstract. Detection of epidemiologically significant mosquitoes Ae. аlbopictus in the south of Russia (the Greater Sochi region, the Black Sea coast of Caucasus) suggested the possibility of their introduction into Crimea.Objective was to determine the possibility of existence of epidemically significant vector – mosquito Ae. albopictus inCrimea.Materials and methods. Within the frames of entomological monitoring, mosquitoes were collected during May-October, 2018 and May-September, 2019 in different regions of Crimea: Bakhchisaray, Dzhankoy, Razdolnensky, Saksky, Black Sea regions, urban areas ofSimferopol,Sevastopol and Feodosiya. Fully-grown mosquitoes were caught by automatic trap Mosquito Magnet Executive (USA) with octenol-based bait. Actively attacking females were collected with an aspirator by Gutsevich method. The survey was conducted in the evening and night hours. A total of 26 visits were made, 77 hours were spent, and 8463 mosquitoes (adult and larvae) were captured.Results and discussion. During entomological monitoring of the territory of Crimean Peninsula for the first time bloodsucking mosquitoes Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1895) were found. Given the favorable climatic conditions in Crimea, the trend towards global warming, the adaptation of mosquitoes to the periods of cold, biology of Aedes albopictus, the distribution of this species in the European part of southern Russia, the formation and dissemination of sustainably replicating vector population on the Crimea Peninsula is possible. To confirm the circulation of independent Ae. albopictus population inCrimea, not a random import of adult specimens who die in winter, further entomological surveys are required on a regular basis.

scholarly journals THE RUSSIAN BLACK SEA FLEET AND ITS CONTEMPORARY SKILLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1469
Author(s):  
Atanaska Popova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
East West

The Black Sea region is of crucial significance for Europe, being a major crossroads of east-west and south-north corridors.The article provides an overview of the construction and development of the Russian Black Sea Fleet during various historical periods. The focus is on the modernisation and construction of new military capabilities of the fleet, as well as the growth of Russian military power in the Black Sea and southern Russia area, following the annexation of Crimea in 2014. It is summarized an updated information on the Russian Black Sea fleet. The article shows that Russia accelerated militarization in the Black Sea area, which inevitably changes the paradigm of security in the region. This will probably lead to a response from NATO and will in general make the region even more uncertain, as the arms race will deepen. The author makes a prediction that the confrontation between NATO and Russia in the region will deepen. It is summarized that Bulgaria should continue its participation in the implementation of the measures for the adapted front presence of NATO in the Black Sea region.

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