scholarly journals Synthesis of Nanobentonite as Heavy Metal Adsorbent with Various Solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1854-1857
Author(s):  
Makmur Sirait ◽  
Saharman Gea ◽  
Nurdin Bukit ◽  
Nurdin Siregar ◽  
Ceria Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Adsorption ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorbent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nanobentonite has been synthesized from natural bentonite taken from Tapanuli Utara, Indonesia using coprecipitation method with various solvents (HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3). Its properties as a metal adsorbent were investigated by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry. X-Ray Diffraction analysis revealed that the bentonite produced is in nanometer scale. The characterization results obtained from the SiO2single phase with highest dhkl was at millier index (101) with 2 of 21.9o, 22.0o, 22.07o respectively. The results of Microscope-Scanning Electron Energy analysis of nanobentonite dispersion indicated a reduction in agglomeration and finer nanobentonite surface. The Surface Area Analyzer results showed the SBET nanobentonite for solvent variation of HCL, H2SO4, and HNO3 respectively were 731.76 m2/g, 868.11 m2/g, 493.97 m2/ g. Lastly, Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometric test showed that the optimal absorption of the metal content possessed by variety of HCl and nanobentonites with adsorption power of 91.16% for Pb, 76.39% for Cu, and 82.74% Co.

Detection of Intermetallic Compounds in a Mg-5Al-3Ca-0.7Sr-0.2Mn Magnesium Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rzychoń ◽  
Janusz Szala ◽  
Tomasz Kukiełka
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper the results of microstructural investigations and methodology of detection of intermetallic compounds were reported. The microstructural investigations included the light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, chemical microanalysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that the microstructure of Mg-5Al-3Ca-0.7Sr-0.2Mn alloy consists of α-Mg, (Mg,Al)2Ca, Al3Mg13(Sr,Ca), Mg2Ca and Al2Ca intermetallic phases. The correct detection of these phases requires the high magnifications and a large number of measurements fields.

Structure and Properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 Compound Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 503-507
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Li ◽  
Zeng Zhe Xi ◽  
Wei Long ◽  
Zhi Gang Zhang ◽  
Jia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oriented Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-xwt%BaTiO3 compound ceramics were prepared. The influence of different BaTiO3 content on structure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show oriented is induced by plate-like BaTiO3 template. Signficant improvement of the piezoelectric (d33 = 112 pC/N) and dielectric properties ( max ≈ 5500) was observed. The improvement was attested to the apparent alignment of the BaTiO3 templates and grain oriented growth.

Solidification Behavior and Phase Relation of Arc Melting La-Fe-Si Alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 2130-2135
Author(s):  
Zhong Qi Dong ◽  
Jin Chen ◽  
Jun Li Jia
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Phase Relation ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Solidification Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Scanning Electron

Solidification behavior and phase relation of LaFe13-xSix alloys was investigated using arc melting. Phase formation and structure in arc melted LaFe13-xSix alloys has been investigated by means of power X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results have shown that La(Fe,Si)13 (1:13) phase is a peritectic phase and the solidification behavior and phase relations of LaFe13-xSix alloys are different with Si contents. Under arc melting condition, composition with low Si contents (x=0.5 to 1.5) consist mainly of α-(Fe,Si) phase the same as induction melting. Composition with high Si contents (x=2.0 to 3.0) consists mainly of 1:13 phase. The results were discussed with respect to the effect of cooling rate.

Reaction pathways in the formation of the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu superconducting phases

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ruckenstein ◽  
C. T. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Glassy Phase ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superconducting Phases ◽  
Scanning Electron

The 2223, 1223, 1324, and 1122 phases in the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu system were prepared from sample mixtures having the same stoichiometry as the final phase. Powder x-ray diffraction analysis was used to follow the formation of these phases at 867 °C for up to 2 h. The formation of the 2223 phase is shown to occur via the sequential transformations 2021 → 2122 → 2223. For the 1–2–2–3 and 1–3–2–4 samples, the sequential transformations 1021 → 2021 → 2122 → 2223 occur before the final 1223 and 1324 phases are obtained. For the 1122 phase the formation is preceded by the 1021 → 2021 → 2122 transformations. Using scanning electron microscopy, a phase with a glassy appearance was detected in many of the reacted samples. This “glassy” phase appears to be a precursor in the formation of the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu phases.

scholarly journals Studies on the preparation of lead(II) chloride from galvanizing plant wastes

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
AJMT Neger ◽  
A Gafur ◽  
ASW Kurny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Galvanizing plant wastes containing 71.82% lead was leached in hydrochloric acid. Lead was precipitated from the leach liquor as lead chloride and purified by recrystallisation. The process parameters like concentration of hydrochloric acid, time of leaching, mode of reaction, number of re-crystallization etc. were optimised. Nearly 70% of lead contained by the waste material could be leached out and converted to lead(II) chloride. The product (PbCl2) was characterised by atomic absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis showed that the product was 93% pure. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the product possess cotunnite phase having orthorhombic structure. The needle like shape of the prepared PbCl2 crystal was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Physical properties like melting point and density were also very close to those reported in literature. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(4), 415-420, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i4.14071

scholarly journals X-Ray Diffraction and SEM Investigation of Solidification/ Stabilization of Nickel and Chromium Using Fly ash

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S395-S403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjana A. Patil ◽  
Sangesh P. Zodape
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Main Thrust ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Studies ◽  
Sem Investigation ◽  
Scanning Electron

The main thrust of the paper is mechanism of immobilization of nickel(Ni) and chromium(Cr) metal sludge by solidification/stabilization using lime fly ash and sand (LFAS). The mineralogy of fly ash used for the study has been determined on the basis of x- ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Attempts have been made to investigate the consequences of interaction of heavy metal ion with constituents of lime fly ash sand composite on the basis of XRD studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, except chromium).

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