Application of SWAP to Assess Performance of Subsurface Drainage System under Semi-Arid Monsoon Climate

Water management simulation model DRAINMOD-S was calibrated (1995-96) and validated (1997) using 3-year experimental field data (1995-1997) from the installed subsurface drainage system at 1.8 m drain depth with 40, 60, and 80 m drain spacing at Golewala watershed, Faridkot, Punjab, India. Sensitivity analysis of the model parameters revealed that lateral saturated hydraulic conductivity, drain depth, and drain spacing are the most effective parameters in changing the model output. The root means square error, efficiency, and coefficient of determination between observed and simulated soil salinity ranged from 0.01to 0.06 dS.m-1, 0.647 to 0.834 dS.m-1, and 0.957 to 0.999 dS.m-1 for three drain spacings (40, 60, and 80 m), respectively, during calibration and validation period. The calibrated and validated model was used to predict the soil salinity (EC) for five consecutive years (1998-2003). The average soil salinity of root zone (300-600 mm), (600-900 mm), and (900-1200 mm) decreased from January 1998 to December 2003. The predicted values of soil salinity were found to decrease from 2.23, 2.34, and 1.92 dS.m-1 to 1.68 dS.m-1, 1.70, and 1.42 dS.m-1 for 40 m drain spacing at root zone depth of 300-600 mm, 600-900 mm, and 900-1200 mm, respectively. Similarly, the salinity values for the same period and root zone depth were found to decrease from 2.20, 2.31, and 1.90 dS.m-1 to 1.75,1.78, and 1.74 dS.m-1 for 60 m drain spacing; and 2.21, 2.31, and 1.93 dS.m-1 to 1.80,1.82, and 1.48 dS.m-1 for 80 m drain spacing, respectively, at the end of five years. DRAINMOD-S model was reliably applicable for predicting soil salinity under sub-surface drainage system in arid and semi-arid region of Punjab, India

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Advances and Challenging Issues in Subsurface Drainage Module Technology and BIOECODS: A Review

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201820307005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 203 ◽

pp. 07005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdurrasheed Sa'id Abdurrasheed ◽

Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof ◽

Husna Bt Takaijudin ◽

Aminuddin Ab. Ghani ◽

Muhammad Mujahid Muhammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drainage System ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Subsurface Drainage ◽

Infiltration Capacity ◽

Sustainable Solutions ◽

Ecologically Sustainable ◽

The Impact ◽

Flow Attenuation ◽

Permeability Rate ◽

Over Time

Subsurface drainage modules are important components of the Bio-ecological Drainage System (BIOECODS) which is a system designed to manage stormwater quantity and quality using constructed grass swales, subsurface modules, dry and wet ponds. BIOECODS is gradually gaining attention as one of the most ecologically sustainable solutions to the frequent flash floods in Malaysia and the rest of the world with a focus on the impact of the subsurface modules to the effectiveness of the system. Nearly two decades of post-construction research in the BIOECODS technology, there is need to review findings and areas of improvement in the system. Thus, this study highlighted the key advances and challenges in these subsurface drainage modules through an extensive review of related literature. From the study, more work is required on the hydraulic characteristics, flow attenuation and direct validation methods between field, laboratory, and numerical data. Also, there is concern over the loss of efficiency during the design life especially the infiltration capacity of the module, the state of the geotextile and hydronet over time. It is recommended for the sake of higher performance, that there should be an onsite methodology to assess the permeability, rate of clogging and condition of the geotextile as well as the hydronet over time.

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Araçatuba Formation: palustrine deposits from the initial sedimentation phase of the Bauru Basin

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652003000200006 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 173-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Luiz A. Fernandes ◽

Paulo C. F. Giannini ◽

Ana Maria Góes

Keyword(s):

Upper Cretaceous ◽

Drainage System ◽

Arid Climate ◽

Sedimentary Sequence ◽

Aeolian Sand ◽

Desiccation Cracks ◽

Aeolian Deposits ◽

Saline Waters ◽

Semi Arid

The Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous) accumulated an essentially sandy continental sedimentary sequence. In a first desertic phase the basaltic substratum was covered by a widespread and homogeneous aeolian sand unit with minor loess intercalations. The substratum relief favored the formation of an endorheic drainage system under semi-arid climate, a process that started the development of the Araçatuba Paleoswamp. The palustrine deposits (Araçatuba Formation) comprise siltstone and tipically greenish gray narrow tabular strata of sandstone cemented by carbonate. Moulds and gypsite and dolomite pseudomorphs were identified. The moulds seem to be genetically associated with desiccation cracks, root marks and climbing ripple lamination levels, that, on the whole, indicate calm shallow saline waters undergoing phases of subaerial exposition. At the boundaries of the study area, sand units may exhibit sigmoidal features and convolute bedding structure, which is characteristic of marginal deltaic deposits. The Araçatuba Formation is enclosed in and later overlaid by the aeolian deposits of the Vale do Rio do Peixe Formation.

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