scholarly journals Patterns of Diversity and Distribution of Arboreal Social Bees’ Beehives within Chimpanzees’ Home Range in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic (Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire)

Sociobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Angele Nicodenin Soro ◽  
Juan Lapuente ◽  
Abduoulaye Ngolo Kone ◽  
Kolo Yeo ◽  
Souleymane Konate
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Forest Island ◽  
Forest Habitats

The goal of this study was to explain the patterns of diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees nesting in forest habitats of the Comoé National park, within the home-ranges of wild chimpanzees that consume their honey. Investigations were done using a total sixteen plots, one hectare each, established in three habitat types (mature forest island, secondary forest island and gallery forest). The diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees was estimated with visuals searches. The exploitation of the beehives of these bee by the chimpanzees was also evaluated using chimpanzees’ honey dipping tools as indicators. Results revealed five bees’ species belonging to two tribes; Meliponini (Meliponula ferruginea, Meliponula togoensis, Meliponula bocandei, Hypotrigona gribodoi) and Apini (Apis mellifera). Frequent exploitation of the honey of stingless bees by the chimpanzees was observed, except for H. gribodoi. Meliponula ferruginea was the most exploited species by chimpanzees. A total of 114 beehives were found in the overall established plots leading to an estimated density of 2.4 beehives/ha in the study area. Among the surveyed habitats, mature forest island was found to harbor the highest beehive density (4.2 beehives/ha), followed respectively by secondary-forest island (1.9 beehives/ha) and gallery forest (1.1 beehives/ha). Finally, all bee species were found nesting in cavities of trees with a DBH ranging from 15 to 87.3 cm, with a special preference for Dialium guinneense. However, the DBH of nesting trees and beehives’ height, measured from the ground level, did not significantly influence the honey exploitation by chimpanzees. In sum bee species diversity and distribution might be important in the survival of chimpanzees of a forest savanna landscape.

scholarly journals Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Kupu-kupu di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Dian Ratna Sari ◽  
Mochamad Hadi ◽  
Rully Rahadian
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Forest Habitats

Butterflies are insects that have very important role in the ecosystem, they are as a pollinator of plants. Butterfly also can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental quality. This study aims to determine the species abundance and diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park. This research was conducted in September and November 2016 in four habitat types, i.e., mixed forests, pine forests, mountain forests and streams. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used abundance index and diversity index. There are 454 individuals wich includes 61 species and 6 families. There are 11 dominant species of butterflies in Merbabu Mountain National Park, but only Ypthima pandocus that dominates in all the habitat that studied. Mycalesis moorei and Mycalesis sudra are dominant in all forest habitats and its not dominant in the habitat of the streams. Papilio peranthus and Parantica albata are dominant and only in mountain forest habitat. Diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park can be categorized as moderate with the diversity index from 2,11 – 3,37. Key word: Butterflies, diversity, abundance, Merbabu Mountain National Park

Remote video-camera traps measure habitat use and competitive exclusion among sympatric chimpanzee, gorilla and elephant in Loango National Park, Gabon

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine S. Head ◽  
Martha M. Robbins ◽  
Roger Mundry ◽  
Loïc Makaga ◽  
Christophe Boesch
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Fruit Availability ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:Species commonly exist in sympatry, yet ecological studies are often based on a single species approach while ignoring the impact of sympatric competitors. Over 13 mo we used 24 remote video-camera traps to monitor habitat use of sympatric chimpanzee, gorilla and elephant in four different habitat types in Loango National Park, Gabon. Habitat use by each species was predicted to vary according to seasonal changes in food availability and precipitation. Increased interspecific competition between the three species was expected at times of reduced resource availability, leading to exclusion of the inferior competitor. Supporting the predictions, species abundance per habitat showed seasonal variation: all three species responded positively to increased fruit availability in all habitats, but the response was only significant for gorilla in mature forest and elephant in coastal forest. Responses to rainfall varied, with the chimpanzee responding negatively to rainfall in swamp forest, the gorilla responding positively to rainfall in coastal and secondary forest, and the elephant responding positively to rainfall in mature forest. Elephant presence resulted in competitive exclusion of the apes under certain conditions: the chimpanzee was excluded by the elephant where fruit availability was low, whereas the gorilla was excluded by the elephant in areas of low herb density despite high fruit availability. Our results emphasize the value of applying a multi-species, longer-term approach to studying variation in habitat use among sympatric species and highlight the impact competitors can exert on one another's distribution.

scholarly journals Responses of Bat Communities (Mammalia: Chiroptera) to Forest Loss and Habitat Conversion in Southern Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110103
Author(s):  
Patrick Jules Atagana ◽  
Eric Moïse Bakwo Fils ◽  
Sevilor Kekeunou
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Habitat Transformation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southern Cameroon ◽  
Habitat Conversion ◽  
Species Specific

We aimed to assess how bats are affected by habitat transformation by comparing bat assemblages in four habitat types: primary forest, secondary forest, cocoa plantations and human habitations in the Dja Biosphere Reserve of southern Cameroon. Bats were sampled in the four habitat types using mist nets. During 126 nights, a total of 413 bats were captured, belonging to four families, 16 genera and 24 species. Ninety three individuals (17 species) were captured in the primary forest, followed by plantations (105 individuals, 14 species), human habitations (159 individuals, 10 species), and secondary forest (55 individuals, eight species). Megaloglossus woermanni was recorded in all the four habitats, and was the most abundant species (105 individuals). The analysis of bat assemblage between habitat types showed a statistically significant difference in species composition. The distribution of the six most abundant species ( Epomops franqueti, Megaloglossus woermanni, Rousettus aegyptiacus, Dohyrina cyclops, Hipposideros cf. caffer and Hipposideros cf. ruber) was influenced by habitat types. Our results suggest that the decrease in species richness observed in disturbed habitats may be due to habitat perturbations of primary forest habitats. Therefore, it is important to examine the effects of habitat conversion at species level, as responses are often species-specific.

Using LiDAR Point Clouds in Determination of the Scots Pine Stands Spatial Structure Meaning in the Conservation of Lichen Communities in “Bory Tucholskie” National Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Piotr Wężyk ◽  
Paweł Hawryło ◽  
Marta Szostak ◽  
Karolina Zięba-Kulawik ◽  
Monika Winczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
National Park ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Active Protection ◽  
Scanning Lidar ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Biometric Features

Abstract The aim of the research carried out in 2018 and financed by the Forest Fund was the analysis of biometric features and parameters of pine stands in the area of the “Bory Tucholskie” National Park (PNBT), where a program of active protection of lichen was initiated in 2017. Environmental analyses were conducted in relation to selected biometric features of trees and stands using laser scanning (LiDAR), including ULS (Unmanned Laser Scanning; RIEGL VUX-1) and TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning; FARO FOCUS 3D; X130). Thanks to the application of LiDAR technology, the structure of pine stands was precisely determined by means of a series of descriptive statistics characterizing the 3D spatial structure of vegetation. Using the Trees Crown Model (CHM), the analysis of the volume of tree crowns and the volume of space under canopy was performed. For the analysed sub-compartments, GIS solar analyses were carried out for the solar energy reaching the canopy and the ground level due to active protection of lichen. Multispectral photos were obtained using a specialized RedEdge-M camera (MicaSense) mounted on the UAV multi rotor platform Typhoon H520 (Yuneec). Flights with a thermal camera were also performed in order to detect places on the ground with high temperature. Plant indices: NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI and GRVI were also calculated for sub-compartments. The data obtained in 2017 and 2018 were the basis for spatial and temporal analyses of 4-D changes in stands which were related to the removal of some trees and organic layer (litter, moss layer).

scholarly journals Biomass and Soil Carbon Stocks in Wet Montane Forest, Monteverde Region, Costa Rica: Assessments and Challenges for Quantifying Accumulation Rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Tanner ◽  
Megan T. Wilckens ◽  
Morgan A. Nivison ◽  
Katherine M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Large Trees

We measured carbon stocks at two forest reserves in the cloud forest region of Monteverde, comparing cleared land, experimental secondary forest plots, and mature forest at each location to assess the effectiveness of reforestation in sequestering biomass and soil carbon. The biomass carbon stock measured in the mature forest at the Monteverde Institute is similar to other measurements of mature tropical montane forest biomass carbon in Costa Rica. Local historical records and the distribution of large trees suggest a mature forest age of greater than 80 years. The forest at La Calandria lacks historical documentation, and dendrochronological dating is not applicable. However, based on the differences in tree size, above-ground biomass carbon, and soil carbon between the Monteverde Institute and La Calandria sites, we estimate an age difference of at least 30 years of the mature forests. Experimental secondary forest plots at both sites have accumulated biomass at lower than expected rates, suggesting local limiting factors, such as nutrient limitation. We find that soil carbon content is primarily a function of time and that altitudinal differences between the study sites do not play a role.

scholarly journals AN ASSESSMENT OF PRESENT PLANT DIVERSITY ON THE NATEWA PENINSULA, VANUA LEVU, FIJI

REINWARDTIA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Powling
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Present Plant

POWLING, A. 2018. An assessment of present plant diversity on the Natewa Peninsula, Vanua Levu, Fiji. Reinwardtia 17(2): 125‒132. ‒‒ The Natewa Peninsula, part of the Fijian island of Vanua Levu, is naturally afforested but the forests have been extensively logged in the last 50 years. It is now planned to protect some of the forests from further logging by incorporating them into a National Park. A survey of plant species in the regenerating forests and surrounding land on the Peninsula was performed to assess the taxonomic and ecological diversity of the trees and shrubs, including figs and palms, and also the orchids presently to be found on the Peninsula. The degree of invasion by introduced plant species was also assessed. Of 67 tree and shrub species it was found that 17 were endemic to the Fijian islands, 40 others were indigenous and ten were introduced. The normal habitats of these species included dense, open and secondary forest, showing that trees with a range of ecological characteristics were still present. Endemic and indigenous species of both figs and palms were found, and also terrestrial and epiphytic orchids. No severe infestations of introduced species were observed. It is concluded that the forests of the Peninsula are of sufficient conservation value to justify National Park status. 

scholarly journals STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN LIANA SEBAGAI SUMBER PAKAN PRIMATA DI STASIUN PENELITIAN CABANG PANTI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG PALUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Riduwan ◽  
Hari Prayogo ◽  
Lolyta Sisillia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Forest Habitat ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp

Liana is a species of plant that has a way of growing by creeping, spreading, or hanging on its host, but its roots are still attached to the ground. Liana is one of the primate feeds in Cabang Panti Research Station. The riset was conducted from August 15 - September 15 2018 at the Cabang Panti Research Station-Gunung Palung National Park. This riset aims to obtain data on the diversity of liana species and is expected to provide data and information about the diversity of these plant species. The results showed in five habitat types namely the peat swamp forest habitat - freshwater swamps found 79 individuals, alluvial soil found 54 individuals, sandy rocks found 59 individuals, Lowland granite found 56 individuals and highland granite found 38 individuals. The total number of the five habitat types is 286 individuals from 21 genus/species. Keywords: Cabang Panti Research Station, Diversity, Lianas Plants.

scholarly journals Non-volant mammals, Parque Nacional do Catimbau, Vale do Catimbau, Buíque, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, with karyologic data

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Geise ◽  
Roberta Paresque ◽  
Harley Sebastião ◽  
Leila T. Shirai ◽  
Diego Astúa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Mammal Survey

We report the results of a terrestrial small mammal survey at one National Park in the northeastern Brazil, in the state of Pernambuco. The Catimbau National Park is located within the Caatinga domain with the characteristic thorn scrub vegetation. Our sampling encompasses several different vegetation/habitat types within the park area. All specimens collected were prepared as vouchers to be deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Karyotypes were obtained for all representative purported species collected. We report here the results of this first survey – two species of marsupials and seven of rodents - and added new occurrence localities for several small mammal species of this region, provide karyotypic information and register an undescribed species of arboreal rat of the genus Rhipidomys. This survey illustrates the need for extensive and planned sampling of the Caatinga domain.

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