Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Kupu-kupu di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah

Butterflies are insects that have very important role in the ecosystem, they are as a pollinator of plants. Butterfly also can be used as a bio-indicator of environmental quality. This study aims to determine the species abundance and diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park. This research was conducted in September and November 2016 in four habitat types, i.e., mixed forests, pine forests, mountain forests and streams. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used abundance index and diversity index. There are 454 individuals wich includes 61 species and 6 families. There are 11 dominant species of butterflies in Merbabu Mountain National Park, but only Ypthima pandocus that dominates in all the habitat that studied. Mycalesis moorei and Mycalesis sudra are dominant in all forest habitats and its not dominant in the habitat of the streams. Papilio peranthus and Parantica albata are dominant and only in mountain forest habitat. Diversity of butterflies in the area of Merbabu Mountain National Park can be categorized as moderate with the diversity index from 2,11 – 3,37. Key word: Butterflies, diversity, abundance, Merbabu Mountain National Park

Download Full-text

Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2699 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Niswatul Audah ◽

Lalu Japa ◽

M. Yamin

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Species Diversity Index ◽

Dominance Index ◽

Systematic Random Sampling ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Abundance And Diversity

Diatom class Bacillariophyceae are world wide distribution and commonly dominated the phytoplankton community. The community of diatom class Bacillariophyceae of the waters Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based (FLB) has never been reported. This study aims to determine the abundance and diversity of diatom class Bacillariophyceae. The sampling sites were determined by using a systematic random sampling method. Data of diatom class Bacillariophyceae were analyzed for species abundance, species diversity index and species dominance index calculations. The results showed, that the abundance of diatom class Bacillariophyceae species were 322.000 ind/L (low category), the species diversity index of diatom class Bacillariophyceae was 2.162 (moderate category), and the species dominance index was 0.138 (none of species dominance).

Download Full-text

Species diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna along the altitudinal gradients in Jigme Dorji National Park, western Bhutan

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.4944.11.10.14249-14258 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 14249-14258

Author(s):

Bal Krishna Koirala ◽

Karma Cheda ◽

Tshering Penjor

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

National Park ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Elevation Gradients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Survey Technique

This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the diversity and spatial distribution of amphibian fauna in two different habitat types along the elevation gradients of Mochu River valley in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan. The survey was conducted from November 2017 to February 2019. The study aimed to assess the diversity and distribution of amphibians using an opportunistic visual encounter survey technique. A total of 16 species of amphibians belonging to nine genera distributed among seven families were documented during the study period. The Shannon diversity index was relatively higher in the primary forest habitat than in the agro-ecosystem, however, there was no statistically significant difference of species abundance. The decreasing trend of diversity and abundance of amphibian fauna was noticed towards higher altitudinal zones. About 56% of species were recorded in the lower sampling sites (1200–1600m) indicating more favourable climatic conditions and habitat types for amphibian assemblages at lower elevations.

Download Full-text

Patterns of Diversity and Distribution of Arboreal Social Bees’ Beehives within Chimpanzees’ Home Range in a Forest-Savanna Mosaic (Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire)

Sociobiology ◽

10.13102/sociobiology.v66i3.4384 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 480

Author(s):

Angele Nicodenin Soro ◽

Juan Lapuente ◽

Abduoulaye Ngolo Kone ◽

Kolo Yeo ◽

Souleymane Konate

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Ground Level ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Gallery Forest ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Social Bees ◽

Mature Forest ◽

Forest Island ◽

Forest Habitats

The goal of this study was to explain the patterns of diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees nesting in forest habitats of the Comoé National park, within the home-ranges of wild chimpanzees that consume their honey. Investigations were done using a total sixteen plots, one hectare each, established in three habitat types (mature forest island, secondary forest island and gallery forest). The diversity and distribution of arboreal social bees was estimated with visuals searches. The exploitation of the beehives of these bee by the chimpanzees was also evaluated using chimpanzees’ honey dipping tools as indicators. Results revealed five bees’ species belonging to two tribes; Meliponini (Meliponula ferruginea, Meliponula togoensis, Meliponula bocandei, Hypotrigona gribodoi) and Apini (Apis mellifera). Frequent exploitation of the honey of stingless bees by the chimpanzees was observed, except for H. gribodoi. Meliponula ferruginea was the most exploited species by chimpanzees. A total of 114 beehives were found in the overall established plots leading to an estimated density of 2.4 beehives/ha in the study area. Among the surveyed habitats, mature forest island was found to harbor the highest beehive density (4.2 beehives/ha), followed respectively by secondary-forest island (1.9 beehives/ha) and gallery forest (1.1 beehives/ha). Finally, all bee species were found nesting in cavities of trees with a DBH ranging from 15 to 87.3 cm, with a special preference for Dialium guinneense. However, the DBH of nesting trees and beehives’ height, measured from the ground level, did not significantly influence the honey exploitation by chimpanzees. In sum bee species diversity and distribution might be important in the survival of chimpanzees of a forest savanna landscape.

Download Full-text

Butterfly diversity of Putalibazar Municipality, Syangja District, Gandaki Province, Nepal

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.6635.13.7.18827-18845 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 18827-18845

Author(s):

Kismat Neupane ◽

Mahamad Sayab Miya

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Butterfly Species ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Butterfly Diversity ◽

Wiener Diversity Index

A study was carried out to find the butterfly species diversity and abundance in Putalibazar Municipality, Syangja, Gandaki, Nepal, from June 2019 to July 2020. Pollard walk method was used for data collection in three different habitat types: forest, agricultural land, and settlement area. The study was performed in all seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, post monsoon and winter. A total of 180 butterfly species from 108 genera and six families were recorded. The overall Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) was 4.48. The highest diversity was represented by the Nymphalidae with 67 species (H= 3.79). Butterfly diversity and species abundance was highest in the forest area (147 species, 1199 individuals; H= 4.47). The highest species richness (109 species) was observed in the monsoon season.

Download Full-text

Keanekaragaman JenisTumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Jalur Pendakian Selo Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah

Bioma Berkala Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.14710/bioma.19.2.119-124 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Fitri Kusuma Astuti ◽

M Murningsih ◽

J Jumari

Keyword(s):

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

National Park ◽

Diversity Index ◽

High Mountains ◽

Key Word ◽

Low Diversity ◽

The Many ◽

Very High

Indonesia has a very high biodiversity, as well as ferns (Pteridophyta).Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Montain Nasional Park selected as the study site because of the many ferns that were founded in this area.The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of ferns species.in tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains and sub-alpine forests ecosystem on Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Mount National Park. There are many human activity in Selo climbing lanesupposed to influence the existing plants. This research was held on August-December 2016. The method usedinventory inSelo climbing lane and Plot, then analyzed using diversity index. The results found 33 species of ferns from 15 families. The diversity of ferns in the tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains fall into the medium category except at post II (2412 masl) has low diversity. Diversity in the sub-alpine forest ecosystem can not be calculated. Key word: diversity, fern, Selo climbing lane

Download Full-text

Abundance and Diversity of Diatom Class Bacillariophyceae as Bioindictaor of Pollution in the Waters of Tanjung Luar Fish Landing Based

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 525

Author(s):

Niswatul Audah ◽

Lalu Japa ◽

M. Yamin

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Dominance Index ◽

Systematic Random Sampling ◽

Species Similarity ◽

Sample Points ◽

Abundance And Diversity

Tanjung Luar is coastal water used as a waste disposal area for Fish Landing Based (FLB) activities. However, the condition of the waters with phytoplankton as a bioindicator has never been reporting. This research aims to know Bacillariophyceae in terms of abundance, diversity, and measurement of environmental pollution variables. Methods Sampling at the study location was determined by a systematic random sampling method. Data analysis Bacillariophyceae were determined using formula abundance, diversity index, and dominance index. The index of similarity of species between sample points was determined based on the Bray-Curtis Cluster Analysis. Furthermore, the results showed an abundance of Bacillaryophyceae of 322,000 individuals / L classified as low, the diversity index of Bacillariophyceae of 2.162 classified as moderate, and a dominance index of 0.138 (without dominating species). The results showed that the highest species similarity index was between sample points II and III (57.9%), and the lowest species similarity index between sample points I and II was 23.7%. Water pollution on the waters of PPI Tanjung Luar is classified as moderate pollution level and oligotrophic fertility.

Download Full-text

Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Spesies Anggota Ordo Anura di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi Tahun 2012

Biosfera ◽

10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.1.289 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Donan Satria Yudha ◽

Yonathan Yonathan ◽

Rury Eprilurahman ◽

Septiana Indriawan ◽

Eka Cahyaningrum

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

National Park ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Dry Season ◽

Species Evenness ◽

Southern Slope ◽

Merapi Volcano ◽

Wiener Diversity Index ◽

Evenness Index

Merapi volcano as one of national park is an ecotourism site which is very potential to visit. Information about species diversity for a national park is very important especially if its area fluctuated susceptibly. Two years after 2010 Merapi eruption, there are no research about species diversity and evenness of Anuran in that place. The research is carried out during June-November 2012 which is dry season. The objective of this research is to study the species diversity and evenness of Anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi. The research is carried out in 6 locations; those are Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, Petak Pitu, Bukit Turgo, and Bukit Plawangan. We used Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method combined with transect in Kali Kuning, Telogo Muncar, and Petak Pitu. VES method combined with time search in Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo. VES method combined with track exploration in Bukit Plawangan. Species diversity is analyzed with Shanon-Wiener diversity index. Species evenness is analyzed with Pielou evenness index. Total individuals each species is counted to know species abundance. Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is consisted of 12 species’ which is distributed in 6 locations. The highest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Bukit Turgo (H’=1.31; E=0.94). The lowest diversity and evenness of anuran is at Petak Pitu (H’=0.49; E=0.3). Species diversity of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is low (Bukit Turgo and Kali Kuning) and very low (Bukit Plawangan, Telogo Muncar, Telogo Nirmolo, and Petak Pitu). Species evenness of anuran in southern slope of Mount Merapi is stable (Telogo Nirmolo and Bukit Turgo), still labil (Bukit Plawangan, Kali Kuning, and Telogo Muncar), and oppressed (Petak Pitu).

Download Full-text

Response of Understory Bird Feeding Groups to Deforestation Gradient in a Tropical Rainforest of Cameroon

Tropical Conservation Science ◽

10.1177/1940082920906970 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 194008292090697

Author(s):

Mélanie A. Tchoumbou ◽

Elikwo F. N. Malange ◽

Claire T. Tiku ◽

Brice Tibab ◽

Jerome Fru-Cho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Communities ◽

Selective Logging ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Frugivorous Birds ◽

Oil Palm Plantation ◽

Logged Forest ◽

Abundance And Diversity

Birds are crucial in maintaining the balance of many ecosystems and provide various ecological services. Understanding their sensitivity to human disturbances should be prioritized in understudy areas for effective conservation practices. Using mist nets, this study characterized mostly understory bird communities (insectivorous, frugivorous, granivorous, and nectarivorous birds) in three habitat types (pristine forest, selectively logged forest, and young oil palm plantation) in the Talangaye rainforest, Southwest Cameroon. A total of 845 birds belonging to 27 families and 85 species were recorded in the three habitats after 294 h of mist netting. Overall, the mist-netted community was largely dominated by insectivores, followed by frugivores, nectarivores, granivores, and carnivores. Although mean species richness, abundance, and Simpson diversity index did not vary significantly among habitat types, mean species abundance and diversity index decreased in selectively logged forest and young oil palm plantation and species richness increased in both habitats. The species richness, abundance, and diversity index for insectivorous and frugivorous birds were lowest in the young oil palm plantations. For granivores, species richness and abundance increased following selective logging and the establishment of oil palm plantation. The highest mean species richness and diversity index in nectarivores were recorded in the young oil palm plantations. The study showed that selective logging and establishment of oil palm plantation had variable effects on the bird communities in the Talangaye rainforest. Also, the frugivorous birds appeared to be more sensitive to both types of disturbances, while the insectivores were more sensitive to habitat loss/conversion.

Download Full-text

Efficient Evaluation of Biodiversity Concerns in Protected Areas

International Journal of Biodiversity ◽

10.1155/2013/298968 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sam Ferreira ◽

Mahlomola Daemane ◽

Andrew Deacon ◽

Hendrik Sithole ◽

Hugo Bezuidenhout

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

National Park ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Biodiversity Indicators ◽

Community Influence ◽

Robust Designs ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

Vital Component ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Level Monitoring

Monitoring is a vital component of keeping protected areas in desired states. Lack of robust designs, however, impedes efficient monitoring. We ask two questions—how does effort at a specific site as well as number of sites in a plant community influence richness, abundance, and diversity indicators. Large mammal herbivory biodiversity influences are a key concern for managers of Mokala National Park. We anticipated that changes in biodiversity indicators (vegetation, ants, and birds) associate with herbivore intensity of use of landscapes. We identified flat deep sandy plains and undulating shallow rocky hills as focal landscapes. Our focus was on finding optimized effort at survey sites as well as the number of sites. Monitoring to evaluate change in diversity and abundance needs far less effort than evaluating change in richness. Furthermore, given the variance at the landscape level, monitoring of species abundance and diversity allows easier detection with less effort and at shorter intervals between surveys than that required for richness. Even though a mechanisms-based approach directs monitoring, conservationists need to evaluate feasibility. In our case, measurement of richness is unlikely to detect herbivore effects. In general though, we have illustrated that focused monitoring designs can robustly evaluate conservation objectives.

Download Full-text