scholarly journals PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES AS ELEMENTS OF THE NEW URBAN IDENTITY OF CITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Željka Jurković ◽  
◽  
Željko Koški ◽  
Danijela Lovoković ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Pedestrian Bridge ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City

By the start of the 21st century, the majority of the world’s population was living in cities. Therefore, a top priority has been solving the problem of connecting parts of the city divided by traffic infrastructure in the shortest possible manner by using pedestrian paths. The aim of this study was to analyze, systematize, and typologically define the specific types of structures that make this possible, specifically pedestrian bridges located above roads and railway corridors. The primary and secondary requirements that must be met when designing a pedestrian bridge were identified, and an analysis and comparison of examples of constructed pedestrian bridges in Croatia and the world are herein presented. The results of this study enable the conclusion that, in recent times, in the age of the spectacle society and spectacle architecture, pedestrian bridges are simultaneously deemed architecture, engineering, and infrastructure projects. They are becoming new elements in a city’s image and contribute to the creation of a new urban identity. The original design of pedestrian bridges fosters the use of different construction systems and materials in accordance with technical and technological advancements in construction.

Borderlands Fortress

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-289
Author(s):  
Maxwell Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
World War I ◽  
American West ◽  
World War ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Focusing on the World War I era, this article examines Harry Chandler’s Los Angeles Times and William Randolph Hearst’s Los Angeles Examiner. It argues that these two rival newspapers urged a particular urban identity for Los Angeles during World War I. If Los Angeles was to become the capital of the American West, the papers demanded that real and rhetorical barriers be constructed to protect the city from a dual Japanese-Mexican menace. While federal officials viewed the border as a line to be maintained, Chandler and Hearst feared it. Los Angeles needed to be a borderlands fortress. After the war, the two newspapers ably transitioned into an editorial style that privileged progress over preparedness. This paper reveals that the contested narrative of progress, based in transnational concerns, was crucial to the city’s early and ultimate development.

scholarly journals Reforming Police: Opportunities, Drivers and Challenges

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip C. Stenning ◽  
Clifford D. Shearing
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Quiet Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Different Parts

A few years ago, David Bayley and Clifford Shearing (1996) argued that at the end of the 20th century we were witnessing a ‘watershed’ in policing, when transformations were occurring in the practices and sponsorship of policing on a scale unprecedented since the developments that heralded the creation of the ‘New Police’ in the 19th century. In this special issue of the journal, we and our fellow contributors turn our attention to a somewhat neglected aspect of this ‘quiet revolution’ in policing (Stenning & Shearing, 1980), namely the nature of the opportunities for, and challenges posed by, the reform of policing in different parts of the world at the beginning of the 21st century. Our attention in this issue is particularly focused on the opportunities, drivers and challenges in reforming public (state-sponsored) police institutions.

scholarly journals The editor's page

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (415-417) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
P. Psomopoulos
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
World Society ◽  
Tsinghua University ◽  
The Past ◽  
University Of British Columbia ◽  
City Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Beijing China

As a documentation and communication vehicle - part of a broader effort of the Athens Center of Ekistics (ACE) to contribute to the development of a sound approach to the field of Human Settlements - Ekistics makes itself available as a free forum for the exposure of ideas and experiences from anywhere to everywhere, provided they are relevant and transferable. In this effort, writings of members of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE) have quite frequently been considered and published in Ekistics. How could our attitude be different in cases of collective efforts of the WSE such as its meetings last year in Berlin (24-28 October, 2001) with the title "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century"? Actually, we have reported on such events on various occasions in the past, the most recent being in vol. 64, no. 385/386/387, July/August-Sept./Oct.-Nov./Dec.1997 and vol. 65, no. 388/389/390, Jan./Feb.-Mar./Apr.-May/June 1998 on "Mega-Cities ...and Mega-City Regions", a conference of which the WSE was a co-sponsor together with Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, and the University of British Columbia, Canada. We are happy that the World Society for Ekistics welcomed our proposal to consider the large number of documents made available at its meetings in Berlin and select some of the papers presented for publication in Ekistics. However, the amount of material available far exceeded the capacity even of one triple issue. Hence the following two triple issues: Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century - 1 of 2 (Ekistics, vol. 69, no. 412/413/414,January/February-March/April-May/June 2002); and, Defining Success of the City in the 21 st Century - 2 of 2 (Ekistics, vol. 69, no. 415/416/417, July/August-September/October-November/December 2002).

scholarly journals Development of Kachchh, after the devastating earthquake in Gujarat

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (412-414) ◽  
pp. 116-118
Author(s):  
Akhtar Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Vice President ◽  
World Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Professor Chauhan, an architect and planner, is Director, Rizvi College of Architecture, Mumbai, India. He is also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE), and currently Past Vice-President. The text that follows is a slightly edited version of a paper made available in the author's absence to participants of the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.

scholarly journals The future of the Basque Homeland: An ekistic approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (415-417) ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Lawrence D. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
The World ◽  
University Professor ◽  
The City ◽  
Development Department

The author is Professor Emeritus of Planning, School of Planning, College of Architecture, University of Arizona, Tucson; and Adjunct Professor of Regional Development, Department of Geography and Regional Development, Graduate College and the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences of the same university. Professor Mann is adviser to organizations and governments locally, regionally, nationally, in Latin America, Europe, etc., and also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a revised, edited and radically reduced version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.

scholarly journals Success of the City in the 21st Century: An introduction to the 2001 Symposion

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (412-414) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Udo E. Simonis
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Vice President ◽  
World Society ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Introductory Statement ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Opening Session

The author is Research Professor of Environmental Policy, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung GmbH (WZB),Berlin, Germany. Professor Simonis is a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE); he was Vice-President of the Society for four years and, since April 2000, has been President. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of the introductory statement by Professor Simonis in his capacity as President of the World Society for Ekistics at the opening session of the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.

scholarly journals Success for whom? The place of people in 21st century cities

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (412-414) ◽  
pp. 120-122
Author(s):  
William Michelson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Society ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Associate Dean ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

The author is S.D. Clark Professor of Sociology; and Associate Dean, Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Canada. Dr Michelson is also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The paper that follows was presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.

scholarly journals Metropolitan rebellions and the politics of commoning the city

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Holston
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Citizenship ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

This article analyzes the remarkable wave of metropolitan rebellions that inaugurated the 21st century around the world (2000–2016). It argues that they fuel an emergent politics of city-making in which residents consider the city as a collective social and material product that they produce; in effect, a commons. It investigates this politics at the intersection of processes of city-making, city-occupying, and rights-claiming that generate movements for insurgent urban citizenships. It develops a critique of the so-called post-political in anthropological theory, analyzes recent urban uprisings in Brazil and Turkey, distinguishes between protest and insurgent movements, evaluates digital communication technologies as a new means to common the city, and suggests what urban citizenship brings to politics that the national does not.

scholarly journals The river as an element of urban composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00077
Author(s):  
Adam Rybka ◽  
Rafał Mazur
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Mutual Dependency ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Cities often owe their existence to rivers; however, when cities begin to develop, the river turns into a barrier whose crossing becomes one of the more important engineering issues in municipal infrastructure. As a part of nature, a river significantly influences the form of a city. Its development can, in turn, also impact the shape of the river. It becomes an element of urban composition. This mutual dependency is a key problem in spatial planning. Finding the right balance between the natural character of the river, and the introduction of city structures into its course, leads to the creation of a balanced space, naturally utilized by city dwellers. The article analyses examples, which illustrate the relationship between a river and the city, with a particular look at Warsaw, where this relationship has undergone a huge transformation since the beginning of the 21st century.

"THE PLAGUE" BY A. CAMUS AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: HUMANITY IN THE FACE OF AN EXISTENTIAL THREAT

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Ryazantsev ◽  
◽  
Alexey V. Smirnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Albert Camus ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

The novel of the Nobel Prize winner in literature Albert Camus "The Plague" became one of the most widely read books in Europe during the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. A number of researchers consider Camus to be an existentialist writer. Existentialism arises, after two bloody wars, to give answers to questions that concern humanity. Since Albert Camus wrote the novel during the Second World War, he understands the plague not only as a disease, but also as German soldiers, whom the inhabitants of France called the "brown plague" because the invaders wore brown shirts. As the inhabitants of the city of Oran resisted the plague on the pages of the work, so the inhabitants of France fought against Nazism and fascism. A. Camus in the novel "The Plague" describes the quarantine measures that take place in the city of Oran in the 40s of the XX century. The consequences of the epidemic and the behavior of the residents described in the novel have much in common with modern coronavirus realities: the decline of the economy, the growth of the number of unemployed, protests against the quarantine measures introduced; the introduction of curfews, the creation of new medicines, etc. In Russia, as in the pages of the novel, there is a decline in the economy. Thus, during the pandemic in Russia, the number of registered unemployed increased from 1.3 million people to 4.8 million, and the appeal to employment centers for support measures increased from 20% to 80%. Camus in his novel writes about the creation of an anti-plague serum, in Russia, the first in the world, a vaccine against coronavirus infection "Sputnik V" was created. The director of the hotel, described in the work, said that due to the epidemic and quarantine, the tourist business disappeared. According to the World Tourism Organization — tourism at the end of 2020 it has decreased by 77% compared to 2019, which is equivalent to the tourist activity that was recorded in the late 80s. Stray animals were shot in Oran, because they believed that they could be carriers of infection. In China, during the Covid-19 pandemic, pets were thrown out of windows because people believed that they could be the source of Covid-19, and in Denmark, more than 11 million minks were exterminated for the same reasons. The authors of this article attempted to analyze the development of the epidemiological process in the novel and plot the mortality rate from the plague according to the data of the work.

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