scholarly journals The great experiment – the Trinidad experiment: art, abolition and racial indenture across archipelagoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Leigh Goffe ◽  
Andrea Chung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Mixed Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Labour Exploitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Artist ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Racial Slavery

Scholar Tao Leigh Goffe, co-editor of the Journal of Indentureship and Its Legacies, interviews mixed media visual artist Andrea Chung who is based in the United States. Connecting the histories of the Great Experiment of indenture in Mauritius and the Trinidad Experiment of Chinese indentureship in the Caribbean, the two discuss the history of labour exploitation and the abolition of racial slavery comparatively across oceans. Themes include those tackled in Chung's artwork spanning colonialism, loss, motherhood, Afro-Asian heritage, and the material culture of global indentureship.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Laura Harris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Aesthetic Theory ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Artist

In Experiments in Exile, I explore and compare projects undertaken by two twentieth-century American intellectuals while they lived in voluntary exiles in the United States: the Trinidadian writer and revolutionary C. L. R. James and the Brazilian visual artist and counterculturalist Hélio Oiticica. James and Oiticica never met. They lived and worked in the United States at different moments. My focus is on James’s stay during the 1940s and on Oiticica’s stay during the 1970s. Given the significant differences between them—not just at the level of nationality but at the level of race (James was black, Oiticica was white), class (James was situated within a precarious middle class, Oiticica was firmly established within an upper middle class), sexuality (James was straight, Oiticica was gay), and disciplinary locations (James is generally situated in the history of radical social theory and practice, and Oiticica is generally situated in the history of avant-garde aesthetic theory and practice)—this is surely an unlikely combination. This study is itself an experiment, one that goes beyond the usual parameters of comparativist or transnational research, to identify, in the surprising resonances between the projects pursued by these two very disparate figures, a common project I believe they, together, bring into relief....

Book Reviews

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 149-208
Author(s):  
Redactie KITLV
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Royal Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The University

-Mohammed F. Khayum, Michael B. Connolly ,The economics of the Caribbean Basin. New York: Praeger, 1985. xxiii + 355 pp., John McDermott (eds)-Susan F. Hirsch, Herome Wendell Lurry-Wright, Custom and conflict on a Bahamian out-island. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1987. xxii + 188 pp.-Evelyne Trouillot-Ménard, Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique, 1,000 proverbes créoles de la Caraïbe francophone. Paris: Editions Caribéennes, 1987. 114 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Amon Saba Saakana, The colonial legacy in Caribbean literature. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, Inc. 1987. 128 pp.-Andrew Sanders, Cees Koelewijn, Oral literature of the Trio Indians of Surinam. In collaboration with Peter Riviére. Dordrecht and Providence: Foris Publications, 1987. (Caribbean Series 6, KITLV/Royal Institute of Linguistics anbd Anthropology). xiv + 312 pp.-Janette Forte, Nancie L. Gonzalez, Sojouners of the Caribbean: ethnogenesis and ethnohistory of the Garifuna. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1988. xi + 253 pp.-Nancie L. Gonzalez, Neil L. Whitehead, Lords of the Tiger Spirit: a history of the Caribs in colonial Venezuela and Guyana 1498-1820. Dordrecht and Providence: Foris Publications, 1988. (Caribbean Series 10, KITLV/Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology.) x + 250 pp.-N.L. Whitehead, Andrew Sanders, The powerless people. London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1987. iv + 220 pp.-Russell Parry Scott, Kenneth F. Kiple, The African exchange: toward a biological history of black people. Durham: Duke University Press, 1987. vi + 280 pp.-Colin Clarke, David Dabydeen ,India in the Caribbean. London: Hansib Publishing Ltd., 1987. 326 pp., Brinsley Samaroo (eds)-Juris Silenieks, Edouard Glissant, Caribbean discourse: selected essays. Translated and with an introduction by J. Michael Dash. Charlottesville, Virginia: The University Press of Virginia, 1989. xlvii + 272 pp.-Brenda Gayle Plummer, J. Michael Dash, Haiti and the United States: national stereotypes and the literary imagination. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988. xv + 152 pp.-Evelyne Huber, Michel-Rolph Trouillot, Haiti: state against nation: the origins and legacy of Duvalierism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1990. 282 pp.-Leon-Francois Hoffman, Alfred N. Hunt, Hiati's influence on Antebellum America: slumbering volcano of the Caribbean. Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, 1988. xvi + 196 pp.-Brenda Gayle Plummer, David Healy, Drive to hegemony: the United States in the Caribbean, 1898-1917. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1988. xi + 370 pp.-Anthony J. Payne, Jorge Heine ,The Caribbean and world politics: cross currents and cleavages. New York and London: Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc., 1988. ix + 385 pp., Leslie Manigat (eds)-Anthony P. Maingot, Jacqueline Anne Braveboy-Wagner, The Caribbean in world affairs: the foreign policies of the English-speaking states. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1989. vii + 244 pp.-Edward M. Dew, H.F. Munneke, De Surinaamse constitutionele orde. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Ars Aequi Libri, 1990. v + 120 pp.-Charles Rutheiser, O. Nigel Bolland, Colonialism and resistance in Belize: essays in historical sociology. Benque Viejo del Carmen, Belize: Cubola Productions / Institute of Social and Economic Research / Society for the Promotion of Education and Research, 1989. ix + 218 pp.-Ken I. Boodhoo, Selwyn Ryan, Trinidad and Tobago: the independence experience, 1962-1987. St. Augustine, Trinidad: ISER, 1988. xxiii + 599 pp.-Alan M. Klein, Jay Mandle ,Grass roots commitment: basketball and society in Trinidad and Tobago. Parkersburg, Iowa: Caribbean Books, 1988. ix + 75 pp., Joan Mandle (eds)-Maureen Warner-Lewis, Reinhard Sander, The Trinidad Awakening: West Indian literature of the nineteen-thirties. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1988. 168 pp.

Emancipation and Exploitation in Immigrant Women’s Lives

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna R. Gabaccia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Immigrant Men

Because the United States celebrates itself as a beacon of liberty, emancipation is one of the most common themes in the history of immigrant women and the exploitation of women, as workers or as wives, tends to be traced to the patriarchy of foreign communities or immigrant men rather than to unequal American gender relations. At least since the colonial era, opportunities for immigrant women from Europe to expand their own sense of personal autonomy and agency have surpassed opportunities for immigrant women from Asia, Latin America, Africa, or the Caribbean. Gender inequality for immigrant women is less the result of confrontations between differing immigrant and American forms of patriarchy and more the product of gendered forms of American racism.

Yellow Fever

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-122
Author(s):  
Michael B. A. Oldstone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
American Indians ◽  
New World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Black African ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

This chapter examines the history of yellow fever, the role it played in shaping slavery in the United States, and its part in the country’s westward expansion. Yellow fever was an endemic disease of West Africa that traveled to the New World and elsewhere aboard trading ships with their cargoes of slaves. The black African peoples, although easily infected, nevertheless withstood the effects in that fewer died from the infection than Caucasians, American Indians, or Asians. Ironically, as smallpox and measles devastated natives along the Caribbean coast and islands, growing numbers of African slaves were brought to replace those plantation laborers. When the value of Africans over natives became apparent, by virtue of the blacks’ resistance to yellow fever, the importation of these Africans increased still further. Because it was so lethal to susceptible humans, yellow fever actually disrupted exploration into the Caribbean. In fact, American expansion became possible only after a team led by Walter Reed arrived in Cuba to combat the disease and prove it was transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

Collectors and Museums

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Manning Stevens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

This chapter examines the history of museums as it relates to American Indians in the United States, from the eighteenth century to the present. The chapter takes into account the often troubling use of the museum to depict indigenous societies as exotic relics of the past, while at the same time alienating artifacts of their material culture from them. In order to better understand the rise of museums and cultural centers created and run by Native peoples in recent decades, it is first necessary to understand both the histories and the practices of non-Indian run museums that demanded this necessary corrective from within indigenous communities. The chapter concludes with three examples of contemporary indigenous culture centers.

scholarly journals Immortelles: Literary, Botanical, and National Memories

2009 ◽  
pp. 0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Marler-Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article examines the history of the popular immortelle flower and its role in aesthetic and material culture from the period of 1780–1930 in England and the United States. The flower was often used and referred to in funerary and literary productions as a symbol of longevity, resurrection, and, of course, immortality (as its name suggests). Exploring the flower’s once far-reaching span reveals a rich memorializing tendency during this period that sought to challenge the anxieties of modernity.

Some Recent Thinking on Slavery in Islamic Africa and the Middle East

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
John Edward Philips
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western World ◽  
Chattel Slavery ◽  
Plantation Slavery ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Social Disabilities

Slavery and its effects will probably long remain among the most contentious of topics. Outlawed universally only recently, the institution is one of humanity’s oldest and most widespread forms of domination. It still exists, despite laws to the contrary, in some societies around the world. Social disabilities suffered by former slaves and their descendants are important legacies. And the lessons which the history of slavery can teach us have still not been fully elucidated or absorbed. It thus remains a topic of importance to teachers and researchers in every branch of humanities and social science.The literature on slavery has been dominated by the study of plantation slavery in the Western world, especially the Caribbean, Brazil and the United States. Studies of slavery in other areas and times have often been colored by biases and preconceptions based on American chattel slavery. Even when the intent of a scholar has been to contrast slavery in other societies with that in the Americas, the questions posed and the methods used have too often been shaped by the questions and methods of scholars working in the Americas. This has vitiated attempts at comparison.

Zika Comes to the Western Hemisphere and Americas: How, When, Consequences

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Michael B. A. Oldstone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Caribbean

This chapter traces the history of the Zika virus. Viruses are usually messengers of bad news. The bad news emerging as a specialty of infection by Zika viruses and the harm they cause is the long-term disability of the most vulnerable populations: pregnant women and their babies. Zika virus is a member of the flavivirus group, whose fellow members are yellow fever and West Nile viruses; all three are transmitted by mosquitoes. Attacks by Zika virus and the disease it caused unexpectedly exploded in 2015–2016, mainly in Brazil and surrounding countries in Central and South America and the Caribbean. Zika was then transported to the United States. Zika infections recorded in the United States were linked primarily to airplane or ship travelers from the areas of Zika outbreaks. Adult males and females infected with Zika virus may develop an autoimmune disease termed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). GBS describes persons whose own immune system attacks their nerves (polyneuropathy), leading to symmetrical weakness of the extremities requiring hospitalization.

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