Migration and Dynamics in Men’s and Women’s Domestic Work

International migration of couples is rising. Still, there is little evidence on men’s and women’s domestic work hours before and after migration. This is despite the fact that domestic work provides deep insights into family life and, for migrants, is directly linked to integration. Therefore, this study examines how immigrant men and women change their domestic work hours following migration, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Our results show that domestic work hours increase for both genders after immigration. However, men are more responsible for running errands than women in the first years after migration. In the long term, the gender gaps return to the pre-migration state, with women shouldering a greater load than men. Accordingly, this study shows that migration only has a short-term impact on couples’ division of domestic work.

The Effect of “IHAPIM” Program on Health Perceptıons and Health Responsıbılıtıes of Immıgrant Men: A Study Protocol Two- Group Double-Blind RCT (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Few of the improving men's health programs are based on masculinity values, men's preferences, and interests. Studies show that programs prepared using gender-specific approaches are more effective in men's health and provide more positive contributions to men's health. Addressing the immigrant men's health and male-specific health issues in this program shows that this program is gender-specific. OBJECTIVE The study purpose of examining the effect of the “IHAPIM” program on health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies of immigrant men. METHODS We make an effort to report this randomized controlled trial to comply with the SPIRIT. The population size consists of 95 immigrant men who live in the north of Turkey. The study, between March 2020–March 2021, was held in the two districts predominantly immigrants live. The participants were randomly divided into the experimental and control group. The experimental (N = 49) received a short‐term IHAPIM program (5 weeks, 1 hr per week, 10 hr in total). Each group’s intervention performed by researchers. The immigrant men’ health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies measured before “IHAPIM” program performed and three month after “IHAPIM” program performed. Measurements were obtained during pre-and post‐test from the experimental and control group (N = 46). In this study, participants and statistician who conducted the research blinded. RESULTS The results showed that both the levels of health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies were significantly different between the two study groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study is anticipated to provide a piece of significant evidence of the health promotion interventions for immigrants men performed by researchers and efficacy of health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies in immigrant men group. It is assumed that health promotion interventions specific to male gender and sensitivity to immigrants' language lead to beneficial results on health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies in immigrant men. Suppose the “IHAPIM” program perform in practice by public health nurses. It can be effectively improved immigrant men’s health variables such as health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes towards utilizing health care services, and the types of coping strategies. CLINICALTRIAL NCT04831463

How the earnings growth of US immigrants was underestimated

Two radically different descriptions of immigrant earnings trajectories in the USA have emerged. One asserts that immigrant men, following the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act, have low initial earnings and high earnings growth. Another asserts that the post-1965 immigrants have low initial earnings and low earnings growth. We describe the methodological issues that create this divide and show that low earnings growth becomes high earnings growth when immigrants are followed from their initial years in the USA; earnings growth is allowed to vary with entry earnings; and—when following cohorts instead of individuals—sample restrictions commonly used by labor economists are avoided.

Immigrant faceism: documentation statuses evoke racialized mental representations

Politicized U.S. immigration discourse has spurred interest in characterizing who illegalized immigrants are or perceived to be. What are the associated visual representations of migrant illegality? Across two studies with undergraduate and online samples (N = 686), we used face- based reverse correlation and spatial arrangement to capture representations of illegalized immigrant men and their differentiation from U.S. citizen or documented immigrant representations. Documentation statuses were differentially racialized. Immigrant representations were dark-skinned and classified as non-white, while citizen representations were light-skinned, evaluated positively, and classified as white. Legality further differentiated immigrant representations: documentation conjured positive representations, illegality conjured threatening representations. In a similarity task, participants used faces’ pixel luminance (e.g., skin color) and perceived American-ness to sort unlabeled faces by documentation status, confirming their representational distinctions. Illegalized immigrants were uniquely racialized as dark-skinned un- American threats, highlighting the continued impact of U.S. imperial projects and colorism in shaping representations of migrant illegality.

Which Integration Policies Work? The Heterogeneous Impact of National Institutions on Immigrants’ Labor Market Attainment in Europe

Can specific policies support the economic integration of immigrants? Despite the crucial importance of this question, existing evidence is inconclusive. Using data from the European Social Survey, we estimate the effects of integration and anti-discrimination policies, alongside social expenditure and labor market regulation, on the labor market performance of 6,176 non-European immigrants across 23 European countries. We make three contributions: 1) we investigate the distinct role of discrete policy areas for labor market integration outcomes, 2) we allow for heterogeneous effects of policies on immigrants with different characteristics, and 3) we examine immigrants’ occupational attainment while accounting for their selection into employment. We find that immigrants’ employment chances are negatively associated with national levels of expenditure on welfare benefits but positively associated with policies facilitating immigrant access to social security. We also find that labor market rigidity is negatively associated with immigrants’ occupational attainment, but we find little evidence that policies aimed at supporting the transferability of immigrants’ qualifications promote their occupational success. Our results strongly suggest that anti-discrimination policies are important for immigrant economic integration. Yet while these policies are associated with greater occupational success for all female immigrants, they seem to be only positively associated with the occupational attainment of higher-skilled and non-Muslim immigrant men. As this article suggests, anti-discrimination policies can foster immigrants’ labor market success, yet these policies currently fail to reach those who face the strongest anti-immigrant sentiments — that is, unskilled male immigrants and Muslim immigrant men.

“Hey Cabbie! Where are you From?” An Examination of Everyday Racism in Toronto’s Taxi Industry

Using an anti-racist Marxist lens, issues of social exclusion and settlement are broadly highlighted taking into account racism in an industry that is most commonly noted for its ease of entry for immigrant professionals. This study attempts to build on previous studies of Toronto’s taxi industry (Hathiyani, 2006; Abraham, Sundar, & Whitmore, 2008) to focus specifically on racism. This research paper examines the extent to which ‘everyday racism’ is both a by-product of and a critical ingredient in perpetuating structural racism, using Toronto’s taxi industry as a case study. Drawing on interviews from 18 fulltime taxi drivers who identified as racialized groups and were born outside of Canada, it describes the familiar tensions associated with experiencing and responding to instances of racism in a precarious industry. In the absence of an association, anti-discrimination or workplace rights to protect the driver against racial abuse and harassment, drivers are forced to negotiate their responses on an individualized basis. Drivers linked everyday racism to both class position and structural racism within the industry. These findings strongly demonstrated inadequate policies to protect drivers from everyday racism in the workplace as a result of both structural racism and a neo-liberal climate. This warrants further inquiry as Toronto’s taxi industry is a major employer of racialized, immigrant men.

“Hey Cabbie! Where are you From?” An Examination of Everyday Racism in Toronto’s Taxi Industry

Using an anti-racist Marxist lens, issues of social exclusion and settlement are broadly highlighted taking into account racism in an industry that is most commonly noted for its ease of entry for immigrant professionals. This study attempts to build on previous studies of Toronto’s taxi industry (Hathiyani, 2006; Abraham, Sundar, & Whitmore, 2008) to focus specifically on racism. This research paper examines the extent to which ‘everyday racism’ is both a by-product of and a critical ingredient in perpetuating structural racism, using Toronto’s taxi industry as a case study. Drawing on interviews from 18 fulltime taxi drivers who identified as racialized groups and were born outside of Canada, it describes the familiar tensions associated with experiencing and responding to instances of racism in a precarious industry. In the absence of an association, anti-discrimination or workplace rights to protect the driver against racial abuse and harassment, drivers are forced to negotiate their responses on an individualized basis. Drivers linked everyday racism to both class position and structural racism within the industry. These findings strongly demonstrated inadequate policies to protect drivers from everyday racism in the workplace as a result of both structural racism and a neo-liberal climate. This warrants further inquiry as Toronto’s taxi industry is a major employer of racialized, immigrant men.

Domestic Violence Victimization among South Asian Immigrant Men and Women in the United States

Domestic violence is a pernicious social problem in the United States and a cause of national concern. The South Asian culture disempowers individuals experiencing domestic violence from recognizing and reporting victimization. Structural inequities may also discourage reporting victimization. These issues have led to inconsistent findings of domestic violence prevalence rates. Additionally, domestic violence studies with South Asians in the United States have predominantly focused on women, omitting men from this purview of research. The purpose of this study was to examine domestic violence victimization rates as well as their correlates among South Asian immigrant men and women. The sample for this cross-sectional study included 468 South Asians across the 50 U.S. states. Descriptive statistics were used to establish rates of domestic violence victimization. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the correlates of domestic violence victimization. All of the sociodemographic information was added in step 1, and acculturation and gender-role attitudes were added as covariates in step 2. The most prevalent type of domestic violence victimization was physical violence (48%), followed by emotional (38%), economic (35%), verbal (27%), immigration-related (26%), in-laws related (19%), and ultimately sexual abuse (11%). Prevalence rates were higher for women than for men in each type of violence. According to the logistic regression results, education, generational position, family type, and employment were significant correlates of domestic violence victimization. Prior to development of prevention programs by community agencies, it is essential to understand the nature and prevalence of domestic violence experiences among South Asians. The victimization of men in addition to women adds to the novelty of this research study and paves the way for practitioners and scholars to engage in conversations about providing both male and female victims of domestic violence with the needed resources and support. The article will discuss implications for research, practice, and policy.