scholarly journals Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus gastroenteritis and change of incidence after rotavirus vaccination among children in Raparin Pediatrics Hospital, Erbil, Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-7
Author(s):  
Sally S. Azeez ◽  
Hadi M. Alsakee
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Microbial Etiology ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background: Watery diarrhea is the most common medical problem among infants and young children, caused by different microbial etiology including Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus, which are usually misdiagnosed in conventional stool test. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of Cryptosporidium and rotavirus gastroenteritis among children in Erbil as well as evaluate the efficacy of rotavirus vaccination procedure applied in Erbil.Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 400 children (boys and girls), aged one month to five years old, who attended Raparin Pediatrics Hospital in Erbil complaining from diarrhea, between January to August 2014. Modified Ziehl Neelsen technique and nested PCR were used for detection of cryptosporidiosis while rotavirus infection was detected by rapid CerTest.Results: Rate of detection of cryptosporidiosis was remarkably higher using PCR than Ziehl-Neelsen stain (0% versus 6%), and the infection was slightly higher among boys (6.25% vs 5.55%) and children ≤2 years (11.7%). The peak of infection reached during spring season (March and April) (9.5%). The detection rate of rotavirus was 32.0%, which was slightly higher among males (34.4% vs 30.0%) and in children between one to three years old (39.3%). The highest detection rate (38.6%) was recorded during winter season (January and February). The infection was significantly higher among non-vaccinated children (65.9% vs 14.1%; p<0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of cryptosporidiosis is declining. However, rotavirus gastroenteritis was relatively high among young children in Erbil. Rotateq vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of rotavirus infection.

Human rotavirus infection in infants and young children with intussusception

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasuke Konno ◽  
Hiroshi Suzuki ◽  
Toyoko Kutsuzawa ◽  
Aki Imai ◽  
Noriko Katsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children presenting to a paediatric hospital

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. INGLIS ◽  
A. KESSON ◽  
A. T. NEWALL ◽  
K. MACARTNEY ◽  
C. R. MacINTYRE
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Paediatric Hospital ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Sydney Australia

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to determine the burden, management and outcomes of rotavirus infection in young children presenting to a tertiary paediatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. All laboratory-confirmed cases of rotavirus in children aged <5 years were identified and medical records reviewed. In 2004, 80 children aged <5 years presented to the hospital with rotavirus gastroenteritis confirmed by stool testing. Infants aged <24 months comprised 75% of cases, with more males than females affected. Most children (86%) acquired rotavirus infection in the community, with a mean length of hospital admission of 2·3 days. There were eight cases of nosocomial infection at a rate of 3/10 000 admissions. The rates of intravenous fluid management (46%) and antibiotic use (28%) were high, reflecting the severity of disease presenting in a hospital setting. These data will help inform the assessment of the recently introduced rotavirus vaccination programme in Australia.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and cellular immunity in children with rotavirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
S. G. Gorbunov ◽  
L. N. Mazankova ◽  
A. N. Oskin ◽  
S. A. Lugovskaya ◽  
E. V. Naumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Activation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Adaptive Nature

Objective. To determine clinical course and state of cellular immunity in young children with rotavirus infection.Children characteristics and research methods. The scientists examined children without infectious pathology and with rotavirus infection (20 patients in each group) using general clinical methods. Rotavirus infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction and immunochromatography. Cellular immunity parameters were determined by flow cytometry.Results. All the children under observation had a moderate form of the disease with symptoms of exsicosis of the II degree. Changes in the immune status were mainly of a regulatory, adaptive nature, which contributed to the favorable course of rotavirus infection in children, however, the dynamics of the number of cells expressing Toll-like receptors indicates the immunosuppressive properties of rotavirus.Conclusion. Currently, rotavirus infection in young children is typical with watery diarrhea as the most pronounced and long-lasting clinical symptom. Shifts in immunogram indices in general indicate a deficiency of the cellular link of immunity and a violation of its regulation with simultaneous activation of the immune system in an effort to achieve the eradication of the rotavirus with immunosuppressive properties.

Prevalence of Rotavirus Infection in Infants and Young Children with Gastroenteritis in Two North-East States, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Oyinloye ◽  
John Idika ◽  
Mahdi Abdullahi ◽  
Mohammed Lawan ◽  
Abdulrazak Dahiru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
North East ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and young children

Infection ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Šrámková ◽  
M. Ryc ◽  
J. Pešek
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Rotavirus Infection in Infants and Young Children

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
G. Tasic ◽  
D. Stankovic-Djordjevic ◽  
M. Dinic ◽  
N. Miladinovic-Tasic ◽  
M. Tasic
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Rotavirus infection in infants and young children with acute gastroenteritis in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Shahrazad Modarres ◽  
Shahab Modarres ◽  
Navideh N. Oskoii
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The incidence of rotavirus infection was studied in 704 children less than five years of age who were suffering from acute gastroenteritis, between July 1993 and June 1994 in Teheran. Rotavirus antigen was detected by ELISA in 15. 3% of the stool samples examined, as compared to 1. 1% in a group of healthy controls. The frequency of rotavirus infection was significantly higher among patients under 24 months of age [19. 7%] than among children two years old or more [5. 1%]. Breast-feeding had a protective action against rotavirus infection and the peak of incidence was in the spring. This study revealed that rotavirus is an important etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis among children in Teheran

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of Rotavirus Infection in Infants and Young Children

1981 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gurwith ◽  
W. Wenman ◽  
D. Hinde ◽  
S. Feltham ◽  
H. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Trends of Rotavirus in Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
B D Pandey ◽  
S B Pun
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background Rotavirus gastroenteritis is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children worldwide. Safe and effective rotavirus vaccine is needed to have significant impact on severe rotavirus gastroenteritis. Currently, two live oral rotavirus vaccines have been licensed in many countries. Knowledge on distribution of human rotavirus of G and P types are essential before rotavirus vaccines are introduced in the target populations. Objective To observe the trends of rotavirus strains in children below five years of age, during the years, 2003-2005 in Nepal. Methods Stool specimen collected from children with acute diarrhea who were referred to observation unit or hospitalized in Kanti Children’s Hospital between 2003 and 2005 were examined. Meteorological data was obtained from Ministry of Environment, Nepal to examine the possibility on the impact of weather on rotavirus infection. Results Of 1250 stool specimens, 271(22%) were positive for rotavirus by Rotaclone ELISA. G1 was the most common serotype in the first year of study, and G2 in the following year. G12 serotype emerged and remained predominant in two consecutive years. In addition, G9 and G3 emerged in the second year of the study. Children less than three years of age were commonly affected. The records reveal that rotavirus infection is related to the climate, and is commonly seen in the dry season, peaking in January. Conclusions Continued surveillance of different regions is needed to monitor the trend of rotavirus strains and to establish rotavirus disease burden, which will help policy makers to make a decision in introducing rotavirus vaccine in Nepal. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i1.6259 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(1):32-35

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