scholarly journals Rotavirus infection in infants and young children with acute gastroenteritis in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Shahrazad Modarres ◽  
Shahab Modarres ◽  
Navideh N. Oskoii
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The incidence of rotavirus infection was studied in 704 children less than five years of age who were suffering from acute gastroenteritis, between July 1993 and June 1994 in Teheran. Rotavirus antigen was detected by ELISA in 15. 3% of the stool samples examined, as compared to 1. 1% in a group of healthy controls. The frequency of rotavirus infection was significantly higher among patients under 24 months of age [19. 7%] than among children two years old or more [5. 1%]. Breast-feeding had a protective action against rotavirus infection and the peak of incidence was in the spring. This study revealed that rotavirus is an important etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis among children in Teheran

Rotavirus infection and rates of hospitalisation for acute gastroenteritis in young children in Australia, 1993–1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B Carlin ◽  
Patty Chondros ◽  
Paul Masendycz ◽  
Helen Bugg ◽  
Ruth F Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Infection

scholarly journals Introduction and prolonged circulation of G12 rotaviruses in Sicily

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 1943-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. GIAMMANCO ◽  
F. BONURA ◽  
F. DI BERNARDO ◽  
A. CASCIO ◽  
G. FERRERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Stool Samples

SUMMARYGenotype G12 strains are now considered to be the sixth most prevalent human rotaviruses worldwide. In two Sicilian cities, Palermo and Messina, surveillance of rotavirus circulation performed since 1985 and 2009, respectively, did not detect G12 strains until 2012. From 2012 to 2014 rotavirus infection was detected in 29·7% of 1647 stool samples collected from children admitted for acute gastroenteritis to three Sicilian hospitals in Palermo, Messina and Ragusa. In 2012, G12P[8] was first detected in Palermo and then in Messina where it represented the second most frequent genotype (20% prevalence) after G1P[8]. Thereafter, G12 strains continued to circulate in Sicily, showing a marked prevalence in Ragusa (27·8%) in 2013 and in Palermo (21%) and Messina (16·6%) in 2014. All but one of the Sicilian G12 strains carried a P[8] VP4 genotype, whereas the single non-P[8] rotavirus strain was genotyped as G12P[9]. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 and VP4 sequences allowed distinction of several genetic lineages and separation of the G12P[8] strains into three cluster combinations. These findings indicate independent introductions of G12 rotavirus strains in Sicily in recent years.

Epidemiology of enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 in acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children in the tokyo area

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Shinozaki ◽  
Kazuko Araki ◽  
Yasuko Fujita ◽  
Masaaki Kobayashi ◽  
Takeshi Tajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Enteric Adenoviruses ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Human rotavirus infection in infants and young children with intussusception

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasuke Konno ◽  
Hiroshi Suzuki ◽  
Toyoko Kutsuzawa ◽  
Aki Imai ◽  
Noriko Katsushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals High prevalence of circulating DS-1-like human rotavirus A and genotype diversity in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand from 2016 to 2019

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10954
Author(s):  
Siripat Pasittungkul ◽  
Fajar Budi Lestari ◽  
Jiratchaya Puenpa ◽  
Watchaporn Chuchaona ◽  
Nawarat Posuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Rotavirus A ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Genotype Diversity ◽  
Stool Samples

Background Human rotavirus A (RVA) infection is the primary cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and young children worldwide, especially in children under 5 years of age and is a major public health problem causing severe diarrhea in children in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, genotype diversity, and molecular characterization of rotavirus infection circulating in children under 15 years of age diagnosed with AGE in Thailand from January 2016 to December 2019. Methods A total of 2,001 stool samples were collected from children with gastroenteritis (neonates to children <15 years of age) and tested for RVA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Amplified products were sequenced and submitted to an online genotyping tool for analysis. Results Overall, 301 (15.0%) stool samples were positive for RVA. RVA occurred most frequently among children aged 0-24 months. The seasonal incidence of rotavirus infection occurred typically in Thailand during the winter months (December-March). The G3P[8] genotype was identified as the most prevalent genotype (33.2%, 100/301), followed by G8P[8] (10.6%, 32/301), G9P[8] (6.3%, 19/301), G2P[4] (6.0%, 18/301), and G1P[6] (5.3%, 16/301). Uncommon G and P combinations such as G9P[4], G2P[8], G3P[4] and G3P[9] were also detected at low frequencies. In terms of genetic backbone, the unusual DS-1-like G3P[8] was the most frequently detected (28.2%, 85/301), and the phylogenetic analysis demonstrated high nucleotide identity with unusual DS-1-like G3P[8] detected in Thailand and several countries. Conclusions A genetic association between RVA isolates from Thailand and other countries ought to be investigated given the local and global dissemination of rotavirus as it is crucial for controlling viral gastroenteritis, and implications for the national vaccination programs.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus gastroenteritis and change of incidence after rotavirus vaccination among children in Raparin Pediatrics Hospital, Erbil, Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-7
Author(s):  
Sally S. Azeez ◽  
Hadi M. Alsakee
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Microbial Etiology ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background: Watery diarrhea is the most common medical problem among infants and young children, caused by different microbial etiology including Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus, which are usually misdiagnosed in conventional stool test. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of Cryptosporidium and rotavirus gastroenteritis among children in Erbil as well as evaluate the efficacy of rotavirus vaccination procedure applied in Erbil.Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 400 children (boys and girls), aged one month to five years old, who attended Raparin Pediatrics Hospital in Erbil complaining from diarrhea, between January to August 2014. Modified Ziehl Neelsen technique and nested PCR were used for detection of cryptosporidiosis while rotavirus infection was detected by rapid CerTest.Results: Rate of detection of cryptosporidiosis was remarkably higher using PCR than Ziehl-Neelsen stain (0% versus 6%), and the infection was slightly higher among boys (6.25% vs 5.55%) and children ≤2 years (11.7%). The peak of infection reached during spring season (March and April) (9.5%). The detection rate of rotavirus was 32.0%, which was slightly higher among males (34.4% vs 30.0%) and in children between one to three years old (39.3%). The highest detection rate (38.6%) was recorded during winter season (January and February). The infection was significantly higher among non-vaccinated children (65.9% vs 14.1%; p<0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of cryptosporidiosis is declining. However, rotavirus gastroenteritis was relatively high among young children in Erbil. Rotateq vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of rotavirus infection.

scholarly journals The absorption of iron, with or without supplements of single amino acids and of ascorbic acid, in healthy and Fe-deficient children

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. S. El-Hawary ◽  
F. A. El-Shobaki ◽  
T. Kholeif ◽  
R. Sakr ◽  
M. El-Bassoussy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Infants And Young Children

1. Studies were done on the effect of ascorbic acid and five amino acids (histidine, cystine, cysteine, valine and glutamic acid) on intestinal iron absorption in a group of ninety Egyptian infants and young children, of which fifty-seven were healthy controls and thirty-three were suffering from Fe-deficiency anaemia.2. Supplements tested promoted Fe absorption in healthy controls in the following order: valine > histidine > ascorbic acid. Cysteine, glutamic acid and cystine were found to have no significant effect.3. Supplementation with valine, ascorbic acid and histidine also increased intestinal Fe absorption in anaemic subjects, but to a lesser extent than in controls.4. Supplementation of haematinic therapy with these compounds is recommended. Their use is also suggested to improve the availability of the Fe content of everyday diets.

scholarly journals Mothers’ restrictive eating and food neophobia and fathers’ dietary quality are associated with breast-feeding duration and introduction of solid foods: the STEPS study

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1991-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni Vaarno ◽  
Harri Niinikoski ◽  
Anne Kaljonen ◽  
Minna Aromaa ◽  
Hanna Lagström
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Food Neophobia ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Infants And Young Children

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the association between parental eating behaviours and dietary patterns and feeding practices of infants and young children.DesignData on infant-feeding practices were collected from each infant’s birth via parentally self-administered follow-up diaries. Three questionnaires, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, the Food Neophobia Scale and the Index of Diet Quality, were administered when the children were aged 4 and 13 months.SettingSouth-western Finland.SubjectsFamilies participating in the STEPS longitudinal cohort study (n1797).ResultsMean duration of exclusive breast-feeding was 2·4 months and total duration of breast-feeding averaged 8·1 months. The first solid food was introduced into children’s diets at the age of 3·9 months, on average. Mothers with highly restrictive eating were more likely to introduce solid foods sooner than mothers who ranked lower in these behaviours (3·8 monthsv.4·0 months,P=0·012). Neophobic mothers breast-fed exclusively (2·0v. 2·6 months,P=0·038) and in total (7·2v. 8·5 months,P=0·039) for shorter times than average mothers, even after adjusting for various demographic characteristics. Fathers’ diet quality was associated with total breast-feeding duration and with introduction of complementary foods in unadjusted analyses and with total breast-feeding duration also after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionsMothers’ and fathers’ eating patterns and practices are associated with the feeding practices of infants and young children. Health promotion interventions seeking to improve parents’ eating patterns might lead to more favourable feeding practices for infants and young children.

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