scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and cellular immunity in children with rotavirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
S. G. Gorbunov ◽  
L. N. Mazankova ◽  
A. N. Oskin ◽  
S. A. Lugovskaya ◽  
E. V. Naumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Activation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Adaptive Nature

Objective. To determine clinical course and state of cellular immunity in young children with rotavirus infection.Children characteristics and research methods. The scientists examined children without infectious pathology and with rotavirus infection (20 patients in each group) using general clinical methods. Rotavirus infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction and immunochromatography. Cellular immunity parameters were determined by flow cytometry.Results. All the children under observation had a moderate form of the disease with symptoms of exsicosis of the II degree. Changes in the immune status were mainly of a regulatory, adaptive nature, which contributed to the favorable course of rotavirus infection in children, however, the dynamics of the number of cells expressing Toll-like receptors indicates the immunosuppressive properties of rotavirus.Conclusion. Currently, rotavirus infection in young children is typical with watery diarrhea as the most pronounced and long-lasting clinical symptom. Shifts in immunogram indices in general indicate a deficiency of the cellular link of immunity and a violation of its regulation with simultaneous activation of the immune system in an effort to achieve the eradication of the rotavirus with immunosuppressive properties.

scholarly journals Clinico-laboratory efficacy of the drug Viferon® in viral lesions of the gastroin-testinal tract in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Timchenko ◽  
Maria D. Subbotina ◽  
Tatyana A. Kaplina ◽  
Oksana V. Bulina ◽  
Vera F. Sukhovetskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Rectal Suppositories ◽  
Children Under 5

In recent years, viral lesions of the gastrointestinal tract take the leading place in the etiological structure of acute intestinal infections. The study of the clinical course and treatment of viral diarrhea in children is an urgent task in modern conditions. We analyzed the disease of 2568 children aged 1 month to 17 years who were hospitalized in a Hospital No 3 in St. Petersburg in the period of 2016-2017. All patients underwent a standard laboratory examination. The etiological interpretation was carried out with the help of polymerase chain reaction, bacteriological and serological methods of investigation. Of the 2568 children in 1502 (58.5%) patients, the diagnosis was confirmed. The share of bacterial diarrhea was 31.8%, viral lesions of the gastrointestinal tract – 68.2%. Among the decoded viral lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, the share of rotavirus infection was 52.8%, norovirus infection – 24.8%, mixed infection – 19.6%. A high proportion of viral lesions of the gastrointestinal tract was established in children under 3 years of age (71.7%). The main reason for hospitalization of children under 5 years of age is rotavirus infection, from 5 to 12 years – norovirus infection. Almost always (87.6%), viral diarrhea proceeded in a moderate form. In infants, mixed viral infection was recorded in severe form. The use of Viferon® in the form of rectal suppositories to supplement the basic therapy of viral intestinal infections significantly reduces the duration of intoxication syndrome, fever, diarrhea, catarrhal syndrome, the duration elimination of viruses, and the length of stay in the hospital.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus gastroenteritis and change of incidence after rotavirus vaccination among children in Raparin Pediatrics Hospital, Erbil, Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-7
Author(s):  
Sally S. Azeez ◽  
Hadi M. Alsakee
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Microbial Etiology ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background: Watery diarrhea is the most common medical problem among infants and young children, caused by different microbial etiology including Cryptosporidium spp. and rotavirus, which are usually misdiagnosed in conventional stool test. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of Cryptosporidium and rotavirus gastroenteritis among children in Erbil as well as evaluate the efficacy of rotavirus vaccination procedure applied in Erbil.Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 400 children (boys and girls), aged one month to five years old, who attended Raparin Pediatrics Hospital in Erbil complaining from diarrhea, between January to August 2014. Modified Ziehl Neelsen technique and nested PCR were used for detection of cryptosporidiosis while rotavirus infection was detected by rapid CerTest.Results: Rate of detection of cryptosporidiosis was remarkably higher using PCR than Ziehl-Neelsen stain (0% versus 6%), and the infection was slightly higher among boys (6.25% vs 5.55%) and children ≤2 years (11.7%). The peak of infection reached during spring season (March and April) (9.5%). The detection rate of rotavirus was 32.0%, which was slightly higher among males (34.4% vs 30.0%) and in children between one to three years old (39.3%). The highest detection rate (38.6%) was recorded during winter season (January and February). The infection was significantly higher among non-vaccinated children (65.9% vs 14.1%; p<0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of cryptosporidiosis is declining. However, rotavirus gastroenteritis was relatively high among young children in Erbil. Rotateq vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of rotavirus infection.

Rotavirus infection and rates of hospitalisation for acute gastroenteritis in young children in Australia, 1993–1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B Carlin ◽  
Patty Chondros ◽  
Paul Masendycz ◽  
Helen Bugg ◽  
Ruth F Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Rotavirus Infection

Impact of earlier HAART initiation on the immune status and clinical course of treated patients on the basis of cohort data of the German Competence Network for HIV/AIDS

Infection ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Plettenberg ◽  
◽  
N. H. Brockmeyer ◽  
B. Haastert ◽  
C. Michalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Competence Network ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Optimization of Therapeutic Measurements in Rotavirus Infection in Infants with Perinatal Exposure to HIV

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 2016213
Author(s):  
Hryhoriy Trotskyy
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Procalcitonin Level ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Basic Treatment

The features of the clinical course of rotavirus infection in infants with perinatal exposure to HIV were studied. Serum level of procalcitonin as a marker of inflammatory activity and the need for antimicrobial therapy was determined. The efficiency of the proposed additions to basic treatment (low-lactose mixture for two months, antibiotic therapy in case of elevated procalcitonin level) was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Related P. jirovecii Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1009-1017
Author(s):  
Sara Lacerda Pereira ◽  
Elsa Branco ◽  
Ana Sofia Faustino ◽  
Paulo Figueiredo ◽  
António Sarmento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Ecmo Support ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Ventilator Induced Lung Injury ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Related Mortality

Despite the undeniable complexity one may encounter while managing critically ill patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), intensive care unit-related mortality has declined in recent years, not only because of more efficacious antiretroviral therapy (ART) but also due to the advances in critical support. However, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in these patients remains controversial. We report four cases of HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with ECMO support and discuss its indications and possible role in the prevention of barotrauma and ventilator- induced lung injury (VILI). The eventually favorable clinical course of the patients that we present suggests that although immune status is an important aspect in the decision to initiate ECMO support, this technology can provide real benefit in some patients with severe HIV-related refractory ARDS.

Acute Bronchiolitis: A Study of 207 Cases

1962 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Bruce D. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Respiratory Difficulty ◽  
Respiratory Embarrassment ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Acute bronchiolitis is an important clinical syndrome seen in infants and young children. It is most common in infants between the ages of two and seven months. The disease is characterized by recurrent epidemics during which a large number of cases are seen over a period of one to two months. The presenting history is usually dominated by the symptom of cough. Physical examination reveals an acutely ill infant with a characteristic cough, labored respirations, an emphysematous chest, and high-pitched expiratory wheezes. The clinical course is typically characterized by severe respiratory difficulty for one to two days followed by sudden improvement. Respiratory embarrassment is sometimes extreme and on rare occasions fatal. The etiology most often appears to be infection with a viral agent.

scholarly journals Inverted papilloma of the ureter: study of a rare case with emphasis on clinicopathologic implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Mertziotis ◽  
Diomidis Kozyrakis ◽  
Andreas Petrolekas ◽  
Maria Terzi ◽  
Nikiforos Kapranos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Inverted Papilloma ◽  
Renal Unit ◽  
Macroscopic Hematuria ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Consensus Primers ◽  
Ureteral Lesion ◽  
Tomography Scan

A 62-year old male patient presented complaining of intermittent macroscopic hematuria. The ultrasonographic investigation revealed a hydronephrosis of remarkable degree with indiscreterenal parenchyma. The abdominal computed tomography scan identified a ureteral lesion with proximal dilatation, hydronephrosis and a functionless ipsilateral renal unit. The retrograde urography showed a 4-cm lesion with multiple filling defects and a smooth contour. The endoscopic examination showed an exophytic lesion, highly suspicious for malignancy. Urine cytology revealed atypia. Right nephroureterectomy was performed and the pathology revealed a ureteral inverted papilloma (UIP). Polymerase chain reaction examination for the presence of human papilloma virus, using GP5+/6+ consensus primers, was negative. The presence UIP should be considered in patients with urotheleal lesions in the ureter when the diagnostic workup for malignancy is inconclusive. The clinical course of the disease seems to be favorable.

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