Fundamental Study on a Salt Distillation from Mixtures of Rare Earth Precipitates and LiCl-KCl Eutectic Salt

Distillation and condensation characteristics of LiCl-KCl eutectic salts containing rare earth precipitates were investigated to separate the rare earth precipitates from the salts effectively. The distillation flux of the salts was increased by about 1,000 times by reducing the ambient pressure from 760 Torr to 0.5 Torr. The salt vapors were almost changed into salt lumps during a salt distillation at the ambient pressure of 0.5 Torr and they were collected in the condensed salt storage. However, fine salt particles were formed when the salt distillation was processed at 10 Torr and it is difficult for them to be recovered. Therefore, it is thought that a salt vacuum distillation and condensation should be processed to recover almost all of the vaporized salts at a pressure below 0.5 Torr.

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A Study of Liberation and Separation Process of Metals from Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) Scraps

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.123 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 594-595 ◽

pp. 123-127

Author(s):

Aimi Noorliyana Hashim ◽

Kasmuin Mohd Zaheruddin ◽

Hussin Kamarudin

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Magnetic Particles ◽

Printed Circuit Boards ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Circuit Boards ◽

Metallic Elements ◽

Fundamental Study ◽

Magnetic Separator ◽

Printed Circuit ◽

Pre Treatment

Since the metallic elements are covered with or encapsulated by various plastic or ceramic materials on printed circuit boards (PCBs), a pre-treatment process allowing their liberation and separation is first needed in order to facilitate proficient extraction. In this work, a fundamental study has been carried out to recover metallic concentrates from PCBs scraps. The most important step is to separate or release particles from the associated gangue minerals at the possible liberation particle size. The samples of printed circuit boards were separated into the magnetic and non-magnetic fractions by Rare-earth Roll Magnetic Separator. Then, the magnetic and non-magnetic fractions were separated to heavy fraction (metallic elements) and light fraction (plastic) by Mozley Laboratory Table Separator. Results show that the unliberated particles still remain in the comminution fines PCBs. The use of Rare-earth roll magnetic separation was clarified that the Fe, Ni and Zn element tend to be condensed in magnetic particles. Meanwhile Cu element tends to be release in non-magnetic particles. Mozley Laboratory Table Separation was capable to obtain fractions with relatively high concentrations of metallic elements. This study is expected to provide useful data for the efficient physical separation of metallic components from printed circuit boards scraps.

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Stability of Tungsten Crucible against Uranium, Rare Earth, Cadmium, and Chlorides for Cathode Process in Pyroprocessing

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations ◽

10.1155/2019/4121285 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Junhyuk Jang ◽

Seungyoub Han ◽

Tack-Jin Kim ◽

Gha-Young Kim ◽

Chang Hwa Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Induction Heating ◽

Induction Melting ◽

Potential Utility ◽

Crucible Material ◽

Heating Systems ◽

Salt Distillation ◽

Operation Conditions ◽

The Stability ◽

Re Elements

The stability of W against U, rare-earth (RE) elements, Cd, and various chlorides was evaluated by melting and distillation testing. Three runs were performed with a W crucible to examine its reactivity: (i) RE melting by induction heating, (ii) salt distillation test of U-dendrite and various chlorides, and (iii) Cd distillation test from U–Cd alloy. The W crucible remained stable after the RE melting test using induction melting, exhibiting its applicability for induction heating systems. The salt distillation test with the W crucible at 1050°C exhibited the stability of W against U and various chlorides, showing no interaction. The Cd distillation test with the W crucible at 500°C showed that the crucible was very stable against Cd, maintaining a shiny surface. These results reveal that the W crucible is stable under operation conditions for both salt and Cd distillation, suggesting the high potential utility of W as a crucible material for application in cathode processes in pyroprocessing.

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