Conceptualising dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Alisoun Milne
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The way dementia is conceptualised influences the wellbeing and treatment of people living with the condition. The traditional neuro-degenerative model has increasingly been challenged. Significant contributions include the 1970’s concepts of malignant social psychologv and personhood, the 1990’s drive to engage with the social model of disability, and the recent development of the social citizenship approach. Not only has this new paradigm widened the conceptual lens through which dementia is viewed but it has incorporated issues, beyond the biomedical, that extend our understanding of dementia as a situated condition and lived experience. It is situated in relationships, a lifecourse and a socio-political context and is shaped by inequalities and limited engagement with rights and social justice. Dementia is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and requires a response that addresses its clinical, psychological, social and political dimensions. The new paradigm helps re-focus policy, care and research on the person rather than the condition; relocates the ‘problem’ from the individual to societal structures, attitudes, policy and services; demands new forms of critical practice; and engages with the perspectives of people living with dementia. Whilst there are dementia specific policies in the UK they have limited legal traction and are not integrated with other relevant policies.

The intersection of disability and in-work poverty in an advanced industrial nation: The lived experience of multiple disadvantage in a post-financial crisis UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Richards ◽  
Kate Sang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Household Finances ◽  
Marginalised Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Disabled Workers

The 2007–2008 financial crisis has affected the prospects for workers in a range of ways. In-work poverty represents just one, yet key feature of how prospects for workers have changed in recent times. In-work poverty disproportionately impacts on marginalised groups, such as the disabled. Current research reveals little about how disability and poverty intersect in the context of employment. To address this oversight, life history interviews were conducted with disabled people in in-work poverty. The findings were analysed using the social model of disability and the lens of intersectionality. The results highlight how government policies, employer practices and household finances impact on disabled workers’ lived experience of in-work poverty. The findings suggest that governments and employers can do more to reduce barriers to escaping in-work poverty for disabled workers.

scholarly journals The Social Model of Disability and Music Therapy: Practical Suggestions for the Emerging Clinical Practitioner

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gross
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Model Of Disability ◽  
The Individual

More and more music therapists are becoming aware of the social model of disability. The social model of disability maintains that the locus of disability rests in the capacity for society to create barriers for people with physical or mental differences. Much of music therapy practice still invests in the medical model of disability, which maintains that disability is an inherent personal flaw in the individual which requires remediation. This paper argues that music therapy practice should adopt the social model of disability, and maintains that, in particular, music-centered music therapy is one theory of music therapy that resonates well with the social model of disability. The paper includes advice for the emerging music therapy clinician on how better to incorporate social model of disability perspectives in practice based on the work of previous scholars who have written extensively about the social model.

scholarly journals Lived Experience of Disability Equality Training Facilitators: Narratives of Disabled People From Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110326
Author(s):  
Masateru Higashida
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Past Life ◽  
Facilitation Skills ◽  
Chronological Sequence

This study explores the lived experiences of becoming and continuing as facilitators of Disability Equality Training (DET). This study was conducted in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, one of the countries where DET has been strategically implemented. Nine facilitators were selected by purposive sampling for semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis was applied to the narrative data for exploring themes with consideration to chronological sequence, namely, before, during, and after DET training of facilitators (DET–TOF). The narratives indicated that DET facilitators had varied personal backgrounds, including experiences of discrimination. Their stories also indicated that some interviewees not only obtained views on the social model of disability and facilitation skills but also reframed their past life experiences both during and after the DET–TOF. While this study considers the potential criticism of the social model, which is the foundation of the DET, these findings can provide helpful insights for future agents of change who engage in a society.

Activism, Inclusion, and Social Justice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Prince
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Movement Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Individual

This chapter considers the relations between disability and the political in contemporary societies. This includes a discussion of possibilities of human agency and social movement capacities in the disability field. The analysis discusses several models of disability and statuses of bodies, which are evident in theory, movement advocacy, and public policy. These are the personal tragedy and worthy poor model, the biomedical model, the social model, the human rights model, and the psychoemotional model of disability. The chapter then examines activism as a repertoire of activities and roles taking place in various jurisdictional spaces and territorial scales of mobilization. The chapter next analyzes three forms of social injustices and advocacy strategies pursued by contemporary disability rights movements: activism centered on recognition, redistribution, and representation. Concluding observations call on the need to examine disability and the struggle for social justice in relation to a politics of cultural recognition and identity, a politics of socioeconomic redistribution of material goods and services, and a politics of democratic representation that combines conventional and alternative modes of decision-making. Over time, the mix and style of activism may shift at the level of the individual or family, the agency or movement organization, or the national and international sectors. This gives disability activism and the struggle for social justice dynamic qualities enacted through symbolic, materialist, and political concerns in interaction with public and private authorities.

Responses of the Occupational Therapy Profession to the Perspective of the Disability Movement, Part 2

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Craddock
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Disability Movement ◽  
Model Of Practice

In part 1 of this article, the origins and development of the disability movement were described. The movement's perspective of a social model of disability and its critique of the adoption of a medical model of practice by the rehabilitation professions were discussed. The evolving professional philosophy of the occupational therapy profession was explored. In part 2, the explicit responses of the occupational therapy profession in the UK and in the USA to the concerns of the disability movement are described. The implications for the philosophy and practice of occupational therapy of the adoption of a social model of disability in appropriate interventions are discussed. The conclusion is reached that the occupational therapy profession has yet to debate fully the validity of the social model of disability for appropriate areas of professional practice. The author foresees two major effects of its adoption: a clarification of the philosophical base underpinning such practice and a changed professional role.

scholarly journals Convergence in disability policies in the welfare states Denmark, Sweden, the UK and Australia?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Jensen ◽  
A McAllister ◽  
D Wadiwel ◽  
A Elliot ◽  
G Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Grey Literature ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Disability Benefit ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background A state’s relation to citizens who are not able to support themselves due to illness is one of the cornerstones of welfare states. However, rising numbers of people on disability benefits is a challenge in many welfare states. The first aim is to investigate how policies around eligibility to disability benefits articulate a concept of ’incapacity to work’ across social democratic (Denmark and Sweden) and liberal welfare states (Australia and the UK). Secondly, we wish to explore how the conceptualisation of capacity and incapacity to work shapes prevailing constructions of disability. Methods In this study, we analyse official policy documents from governments, legislation, scientific and grey literature on disability benefit reforms in the selected countries. The analytical framework introduces the notion of decommodification of labour for people with disability and the ’social model of disability’ in relation to the constructions of disability in current disability benefit reforms. Results (preliminary) Restricting access to disability benefits has been a key feature of the recent reforms across all different types of welfare states. Liberal welfare states are more pervasive in reassessment of previously granted benefits compared to social democratic welfare states. The construction of disability in recent reforms is at odds with the social model of disability. Conclusions (preliminary) Across both liberal and social democratic welfare states eligibility for disability benefits is articulated around notions of incapacity to work. Retrenchment of benefits is, overall, most pervasive in liberal welfare states. Key messages The convergence in social policies across both social democratic and liberal welfare states speaks to the pervasiveness of neo-liberal notions in current social policy. The tightening of eligibility criteria for disability benefits poses great financial and health risks to people with illness struggling to support themselves.

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