Masculinity and Childcare

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Berit Brandth ◽  
Elin Kvande
Keyword(s):  
Parental Leave ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Masculine Identity ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Interactionist Perspective ◽  
Caregiving Roles

This chapter focuses on fathers who took parental leave before they were granted earmarked rights. Fathers taking parental leave were rare at that time. The chapter explores how they include caregiving in their construction of masculinity. Using an interactionist perspective, viewing mothers and fathers as negotiating their caregiving roles, we find that fathers assert masculine identity by using several strategies. One of them is shaping their form of care-work differently from mothers' interaction with the child. Another is defining caregiving as an extension of the “masculine sphere” of the outdoors. Both mothers and fathers, however, take part in the process of reproducing masculinity as normative by giving masculine care higher status than women’s care work. Care-giving activities are adopted by the hegemonic form of masculinity with its strong connection to paid work.

Masculinity and Child Care: The Reconstruction of Fathering

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Brandth ◽  
Elin Kvande
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Care Giving

In this article we focus on a group of fathers who use parental leave and how they include care-giving in their construction of masculinity. The fathers shape their own masculine form of care-work differently from the mothers' interaction with the child. Both mothers and fathers, however, take part in the process of reproducing masculinity as the norm by giving masculine care higher status. Care-giving activities are adopted by the hegemonic form of masculinity with its strong connection to paid work.

Gender equality: Parental Leave design and evaluating its effects on fathers’ participation

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Ann-Zofie Duvander ◽  
Guðný Björk Eydal ◽  
Berit Brandth ◽  
Ingólfur V. Gíslason ◽  
Johanna Lammi-Taskula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Leave Policy ◽  
Leave Taking ◽  
And Gender

This chapter is about the design of Parental Leave policy and its relationship to leave-taking by fathers and gender equality more generally. The Nordic countries have historically emphasised gender equality in policymaking and have been in the forefront for introducing policies that encourage mothers and fathers to share responsibility for the care of children. Parental Leave is considered to be one such policy as it secures fathers’ rights to participate in the care of the child, with potentially long-term effects on their involvement with children and the division of unpaid and paid work. However, there are different designs for Parental Leave, and the chapter identifies the major dimensions in the design of Nordic Parental Leave policies and evaluates them in relation to their effect on gender equality. It also considers how to conceptualise and measure gender equality in association with Parental Leave.

scholarly journals Conclusions: Parenting in Times of Prevailing Inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Suwada
Keyword(s):  
Family Policy ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polish Society

AbstractThe final chapter of the book briefly summarises the key points of the previous chapters and addresses the central conclusions of the book. I underline how analysing parenting from the perspective of three types of work (paid work, care work and domestic work) help to recognise prevailing gender and economic inequalities in Polish society. I also argue that the opportunity structures of mothers and fathers greatly differ, and that it has its sources in the family policy system.

scholarly journals WORK ENVIRONMENTS AMONG OLDER WORKING CAREGIVERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S218-S218
Author(s):  
Dawn C Carr ◽  
Miles G Taylor ◽  
Kendra Jason ◽  
Chivon A Mingo ◽  
Tiffany R Washington
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Job Lock ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Caregiving Roles

Abstract Many older workers balance paid work with care work. Working caregivers face unique challenges that make them more likely to leave the work force. However work environments may be more or less accommodating to their needs, and in addition, they may need to work for financial reasons. Current research on working caregivers has not explored: a) the work environments of older working caregivers; b) whether particular work environments are likely to influence whether caregivers stop working; and c) whether these effects vary by type of care work (spousal versus parental). This study addresses these gaps. Using data drawn from the 2008-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, we used latent class analysis to develop a typology of work environments of individuals 51-75 who are engaged in paid work. Four classes of work environments emerged: A) balanced, supportive work environments (34%); B) average environments with high job lock (30%); C) poor, unsupportive work environments (21%); and D) highly accommodating, stressful jobs (14%). Logistic regression results showed those in group D were less likely than all other groups to leave their jobs. In addition, relative to spousal caregivers, parental caregivers in class A were significantly more likely to leave the labor force. Results suggest that caregivers may be more likely to continue engaging in paid work in supportive work environments, and work environments may be more likely to retain older working caregivers by identifying ways to help them meet their work needs and maintain their caregiving roles.

Geht das stärkere Engagement von Frauen in Pflege und Unterstützung auf ihre geringere Arbeitsmarktbeteiligung zurück? Ein Beitrag zur Gleichstellungsdebatte

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Daniela Klaus ◽  
Claudia Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Private Care ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
German Ageing Survey ◽  
Occupational Qualification

Zusammenfassung Frauen leisten nach wie vor mehr private Sorgearbeit als Männer, obwohl ihre Erwerbsbeteiligung in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen ist. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir auf Basis des Deutschen Alterssurveys 1996 bis 2017 im Längsschnitt, ob das stärkere Engagement von Frauen in der Übernahme unbezahlter Unterstützung und Pflege für gesundheitlich eingeschränkte Angehörige darauf zurückgeht, dass sie im Vergleich zu Männern nach wie vor seltener, mit geringerem Stundenumfang sowie geringerer beruflicher Qualifikation am Arbeitsmarkt beteiligt sind. Diese Hypothese wird nicht bestätigt, denn bestehende Geschlechterunterschiede in Pflege und Unterstützung können allenfalls partiell durch die geschlechtsspezifische Arbeitsmarktbeteiligung aufgeklärt werden. Abstract: Does Women’s Lower Labor Force Participation Explain their Higher Engagement in Private Care Work? A Contribution to the Debate about Gender Equality Women do still provide more private care work than men, although their participation in employment has increased in the last decades. Using longitudinal data of the German Ageing Survey 1996 to 2017, in this paper, we study, whether women’s greater engagement in unpaid social support and care giving can be attributed to the fact that women compared to men are still less economically active and have a lower occupational qualification. This hypothesis, however, cannot be confirmed, as the gender differences in the private unpaid care work can be explained by gender differences in the labor force participation only to a small amount.

Transforming care work and care jobs for the future of decent work

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Laura Addati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Care Work ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
The Future ◽  
Keynote Speech ◽  
Policy Work

The article is an edited version of a keynote speech given at the 2019 Global Carework Summit and highlights the findings of the International Labour Organization report Care Work and Care Jobs for the Future of Decent Work. It takes a comprehensive look at the nexus between unpaid care work, paid work and paid care work, and its contributions to the future of work debates and global policy work around the achievement of gender equality.

Women-Friendly Working Environment in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Tania Haque
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Unpaid Care

Work is typically divided along gender lines with men being responsible for paid work and women for unpaid care work. There is a negative correlation between income and level of gender inequalities in unpaid care work. Income can give certain level of independence but reinforces new kinds of dependence and subordination of women in our society in Bangladesh. If women wish to begin their paid work, it means ideologically they want extra jobs and they have to willingly undertake this double burden of household and professional work. The study claims that there is a need of gender responsive rebalancing policies to ensure women friendly working environment to ensure actual empowerment of women in Bangladesh.

Women-Friendly Working Environment in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
pp. 994-1010
Author(s):  
Tania Haque
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Unpaid Care

Work is typically divided along gender lines with men being responsible for paid work and women for unpaid care work. There is a negative correlation between income and level of gender inequalities in unpaid care work. Income can give certain level of independence but reinforces new kinds of dependence and subordination of women in our society in Bangladesh. If women wish to begin their paid work, it means ideologically they want extra jobs and they have to willingly undertake this double burden of household and professional work. The study claims that there is a need of gender responsive rebalancing policies to ensure women friendly working environment to ensure actual empowerment of women in Bangladesh.

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