From elementary reactions to chemical relevance in the photodynamic therapy of cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis G. Arnaut ◽  
Sebastião J. Formosinho
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Triplet States ◽  
Biological Screening ◽  
Elementary Reactions ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancer ◽  
Intense Absorption ◽  
High Yields

Theories of radiationless conversions and of chemical processes were employed to design better photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In addition to photostability and intense absorption in the near infrared, these photosensitizers were required to generate high yields of long-lived triplet states that could efficiently transfer their energy, or an electron, to molecular oxygen. The guidance provided by the theories was combined with the ability to synthesize large quantities of pure photosensitizers and with the biological screening of graded hydrophilicities/lipophilicities. The theoretical prediction that halogenated sulfonamide tetraphenylbacteriochlorins could satisfy all the criteria for ideal PDT photosensitizers was verified experimentally.

Fabrication of red blood cell membrane-camouflaged Cu2−xSe nanoparticles for phototherapy in the second near-infrared window

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (46) ◽  
pp. 6523-6526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Liu ◽  
Jinquan Wang ◽  
Kangqiang Qiu ◽  
Xinxing Liao ◽  
Thomas W. Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Red Blood Cell Membrane ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancer ◽  
Se Nanoparticles ◽  
Infrared Window

Cu2−xSe nanoparticles (Cu2−xSeNPs) were camouflaged with a red blood cell membrane (RBC) for synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy of cancer in the second near-infrared (NIR II) window.

Development of bacteriochlorophyll a-based near-infrared photosensitizers conjugated to gold nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy of cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Pantiushenko ◽  
P. G. Rudakovskaya ◽  
A. V. Starovoytova ◽  
A. A. Mikhaylovskaya ◽  
M. A. Abakumov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Bacteriochlorophyll A ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancer

Syntheses of near infrared absorbed phthalocyanines to utilize photosensitizers

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 605-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Sakamoto ◽  
Satoru Yoshino ◽  
Makoto Takemoto ◽  
Naoki Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Flash Photolysis ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancer ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Near Infrared Region

Phthalocyanines have become of major interest as functional colorants for various applications. In order to use various applications especially photosensitizers, the absorption maxima called Q-band of phthalocyanines are required to be shifted to the near infrared region. Substituted phthalocyanine analog alkylbenzopiridoporphyrazins, especially zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine, and toroidal-shaped phthalocyanines having aminoamine dendric side chains such as toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons were synthesized. Phthalocyanines of two types reportedly use photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. The respective efficacies of photodynamic therapy of cancer for zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine and its regioisomers were estimated using laser-flash photolysis. The capability of using photodynamic therapy for toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons was assessed using a cancer cell culture. Both phthalocyanines were suitable for the use as a photosensitizer as photodynamic therapy of cancer. Then, non-peripheral thioaryl substituted phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines, such as 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethyl)phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethoxy)phthalocyanines, and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenyl tert-butyl)phthalocyanines were also synthesized in order to develop next- generation photovoltaic cells and/or dye-sensitized solar cells. Non-peripheral substituted 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines exhibited a Q-band in the near infrared region. Electrochemical measurements were performed on the above-mentioned 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines described above to examine their electron transfer abilities and electrochemical mechanisms. The compounds 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines are anticipated to be appropriate materials for use in the next generation of photovoltaic cells.

scholarly journals Fucoidan-Based Theranostic Nanogel for Enhancing Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Hyeon Cho ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Pui-Chi Lo ◽  
Hyeri Lee ◽  
Yongdoo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
Oxygen Generation ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy Of Cancer ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

Abstract In this study, a fucoidan-based theranostic nanogel (CFN-gel) consisting of a fucoidan backbone, redox-responsive cleavable linker and photosensitizer is developed to achieve activatable near-infrared fluorescence imaging of tumor sites and an enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) to induce the complete death of cancer cells. A CFN-gel has nanomolar affinity for P-selectin, which is overexpressed on the surface of tumor neovascular endothelial cells as well as many other cancer cells. Therefore, a CFN-gel can enhance tumor accumulation through P-selectin targeting and the enhanced permeation and retention effect. Moreover, a CFN-gel is non-fluorescent and non-phototoxic upon its systemic administration due to the aggregation-induced self-quenching in its fluorescence and singlet oxygen generation. After internalization into cancer cells and tumor neovascular endothelial cells, its photoactivity is recovered in response to the intracellular redox potential, thereby enabling selective near-infrared fluorescence imaging and an enhanced PDT of tumors. Since a CFN-gel also shows nanomolar affinity for the vascular endothelial growth factor, it also provides a significant anti-tumor effect in the absence of light treatment in vivo. Our study indicates that a fucoidan-based theranostic nanogel is a new theranostic material for imaging and treating cancer with high efficacy and specificity.

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