Critical evaluation of the state of the art of the analysis of light elements in thin films demonstrated using the examples of SiOXNY and AlOXNY films (IUPAC Technical Report)

2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Dreer ◽  
P. Wilhartitz
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
The State ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Technical Report

The quantitative analysis of thin films containing light elements is very important in improving the coating processes and technological properties of the products. In order to review the state of the art of modern analytical techniques for such applications, the model systems SiOXNY and AlOXNY were selected. Over 1000 abstracts were screened, and the relevant literature was evaluated to give a comprehensive overview of instruments, analytical procedures and results, film types, deposition methods, and investigation goals. From more than 150 citations, the limitations, drawbacks, and pitfalls of the different methods were extracted and reviewed critically, while in addition, improvements were proposed where possible. These suggestions are combined with the newest results of investigation by the authors of this paper. Recommendations concerning the optimized combination of analytical methods for different analytical problems have been worked out on the basis of all results. Analysis of various multicomponent systems containing light elements demonstrated the applicability of the different methods of analysis in combination to all film systems with related compositions.

Metallomics: Guidelines for terminology and critical evaluation of analytical chemistry approaches (IUPAC Technical Report)

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Lobinski ◽  
J. Sabine Becker ◽  
Hiroki Haraguchi ◽  
Bibundhendra Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
The State ◽  
Technical Report

Definitions for the terms "metallome" and "metallomics" are proposed. The state of the art of analytical techniques and methods for systematic studies of metal content, speciation, localization, and use in biological systems is briefly summarized and critically evaluated.

Environmental ethics for tourism- the state of the art

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Holden
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Environmental ethics has become an established subject of philosophy in recent decades in response to the contemporary environmental crisis. This paper aims to provide an overview of the key theories and concepts and critically evaluate the extent of their application in tourism studies. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a systematic literature review of published academic papers that link environmental ethics to tourism. It subsequently attempts to provide a comprehensive review of what is currently a nascent field of research enquiry to comprehend and evaluate the relevance and implications of environmental ethics for tourism. Using a theoretical ethical framework of libertarian extensionism, eco-holism and the conservation ethic, moral debates that arise from their use in tourism are analysed. As a field of academic study that presently lacks research enquiry areas for future research investigation are subsequently identified. Findings The paper forms a part of the “State of the Art” series and subsequently does not present empirical findings. However, through critical evaluation, it demonstrates the complexity of the application of environmental ethics to tourism through differing perspectives within the subject and when nature’s interests are juxtaposed to concerns of anthropic ethics. To develop a stronger environmental ethics amongst tourism stakeholders that recognises the intrinsic value of nature, it is recommended that ecological virtue and literacy are key elements in this process. Originality/value The originality of the paper rests in providing a comprehensive overview of the existing level of application of the theories of environmental ethics to tourism; the appliance of theory to debates of tourism’s environmental challenges; and identifying research directions to help fill knowledge gaps.

scholarly journals Macroporous materials: microfluidic fabrication, functionalization and applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingjie Wang ◽  
Pepijn Prinsen ◽  
Huizhi Wang ◽  
Zhishan Bai ◽  
Hualin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Macroporous Materials

This article provides an up-to-date highly comprehensive overview (594 references) on the state of the art of the synthesis and design of macroporous materials using microfluidics and their applications in different fields.

Opportunities and challenges for electrochemistry in studying the electronic structure of nanocrystals

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 8992-9001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Weber ◽  
Sophia Westendorf ◽  
Björn Märker ◽  
Kai Braun ◽  
Marcus Scheele
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods

We review the state-of-the-art of determining the electronic structure of nanocrystals in thin films by electrochemistry and emphasize the benefits of correlating electrochemical with spectroscopic methods to this end.

scholarly journals Finding the molecular basis of complex genetic variation in humans and mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 361 (1467) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mott
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
The State ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Trait Analysis

I survey the state of the art in complex trait analysis, including the use of new experimental and computational technologies and resources becoming available, and the challenges facing us. I also discuss how the prospects of rodent model systems compare with association mapping in humans.

The Analysis of Depth-Sensing Indentation Data: Review of the Special Discussion Session

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shefford P. Baker ◽  
T.P. Weihs
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Discussion Session ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Recent Advances

In light of recent advances in the analysis of depth-sensing indentation data and of the importance of this technique in the study of the mechanical properties of thin films, a special discussion session was held in order to explore the state of the art and to provide an informal forum for discussion. This is a brief review of that discussion. The discussion was focused by the four main sources of deviation from model behavior described in the previous paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document