Promising agents at the interface of biology and oncology derived through chemical synthesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 2189-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M. Wilson ◽  
Samuel J. Danishefsky
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Envelope

This account traces the development of our synthetic glycopeptide- and glycoprotein-based research program over the past decade. We recount the syntheses of a number of biologically relevant, natural product-inspired glycopeptide constructs, including those associated with prostate specific antigen (PSA) and with the gp120 surface envelope protein of HIV. We also describe our progress toward the synthesis of the multiply glycosylated protein, erythropoietin (EPO). Particular emphasis is placed on the development of enabling methodologies which allow for the ligation of complex glycopeptide fragments, thus rendering it possible to access, through purely synthetic means, homogeneous, multidomainal glycopeptide and glycoprotein constructs.

High Gleason Scores and Lower Prostate-Specific Antigen Levels in a Single Institution Over the Past Decade

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinelabidine Abouelfadel ◽  
Gary J. Miller ◽  
L. Michael Glode ◽  
Bulent Akduman ◽  
Robert E. Donohue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
The Past

Prostate-specific antigen testing among primary care physicians and urologists: Patterns of care and impact of professional society guidelines.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Sandip M. Prasad ◽  
G. Caleb Alexander ◽  
Scott E. Eggener
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psa Testing

40 Background: During the past decade, the incidence of prostate cancer in the United States has declined. We hypothesized this was related to lower rates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and sought to evaluate PSA testing rates nationally. Methods: Using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a nationally representative sample of outpatient visits in the United States, we analyzed rates of PSA testing in men age 40 years or older who visited PCPs or urologists from 1997 to 2008. Results: An estimated 26.6 million (95% CI: 24.8-28.4 million) PSA tests were ordered during 94.5 million (95% CI: 90.9-98.1 million) office visits to urologists and 95 million (95% CI: 87.5-102.8 million) tests were ordered during 1.17 billion (95% CI: 1.15-1.18 billion) visits to PCPs, with an annual increase of 3.4% and 6.0%, respectively (P=0.055 and P<0.001 for trend). After adjusting for year, race, ethnicity, region, insurance and provider type, testing by PCPs was more likely among older men and highest among men aged 60 to 69 years (reference: 40-49 years; OR 2.32, 95% CI: 1.88-2.85). Compared to men without a chronic medical condition, those with one chronic condition had greater odds of receiving a PSA test (OR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08-1.52). Conclusions: Prostate cancer incidence has declined over the past decade despite increasing rates of office-based PSA testing by PCPs and urologists during the period. Increasing rates of PSA testing merit scrutiny, especially in men with limited life expectancies who are unlikely to benefit from screening.

Progress in Microwave-Aided Chemical Synthesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Mutlak A. Hassan ◽  
Steve Harakeh ◽  
Kaltoom A. Sakkaf ◽  
Iuliana Denetiu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
High Yield ◽  
The Past

The continuing use of microwave (µwave) energy in chemical synthesis has been impressive over the past decade, with many reports incorporating µwave-based reactions. Two of the major benefits of using µwave heating are the remarkable decrease in reaction times and often high yield of products in comparison with classical heating, an ideal technology for synthetic chemists. Herein, we highlight some exciting examples of its recent utility in organic, medicinal, and natural product synthetic endeavours.

scholarly journals Kallikreins as Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Kyu Hong
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Diagnostic Specificity ◽  
The Past

The introduction of testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a member of the fifteen-gene family of kallikrein-related peptidases and also known as kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3), in blood has revolutionized both the detection and management of prostate cancer. Given the similarities between PSA and otherKLKgene family members along with limitations of PSA as a biomarker for prostate cancer mainly in reference to diagnostic specificity, the potential roles of other members of this gene family as well as PSA derivatives and isoforms in the management of prostate cancer have been studied extensively. Of these, approaches to measure distinct molecular forms of PSA (free, intact, complexed PSA, and pro-PSA) combined with kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (KLK2), also known as hK2, have been considered holding particular promise in enhancing the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Recently, an integrated approach of applying a panel of four kallikrein markers has been demonstrated to enhance accuracy in predicting the risk of prostate cancer at biopsy. This review presents an overview of kallikreins, starting with the past and current status of PSA, summarizing published data on the evaluations of variousKLKsas biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of prostate cancer.

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