The State and Civil Society in South Korea, 1987–1999: Civil Movements and Democratic Consolidation

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Ho-Ki Kim
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The State

Democratization and Changing Anti-American Sentiments in South Korea

Asian Survey ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hun Oh ◽  
Celeste Arrington
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Society

This study takes a disaggregated approach to the analysis of recent anti-American sentiments in Korea. It examines how the political changes entailed in the processes of democratization and democratic consolidation in the arenas of civil society, political society, and the state have diversely affected anti-U.S. sentiments in Korea.

Labour Politics and Democratic Transition in South Korea and Taiwan

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Buchanan ◽  
Kate Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Union Density ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The State ◽  
Structural Reform ◽  
Crucial Aspect ◽  
Economic Actor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electoral Rule

Labour Politics and Democratisation in South Korea and TaiwanThe article explores the evolution of labour politics during the transition from authoritarian to electoral rule in South Korea and Taiwan during the last decade and a half. It argues that labour politics is a crucial aspect of democratic consolidation because it facilitates the reproduction of contingent mass consent to the new regime. To this end, organized labour must be re-positioned as a political and economic actor, something that requires institutional and structural reform away from the authoritarian experience. Based on analysis of the pattern of political insertion and the legal framework governing the interaction between organized labour, business and the state before and after the electoral transition, as well as data on strikes, union density and membership, the essay concludes that substantive change in the labour politics partial regime is minor in both countries and that in fact, democratic consolidation remains an unachieved goal in each.

Strong State and Strong Civil Society in Contemporary South Korea

Asian Survey ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Oh
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
The State ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Korean State ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article examines the impact of Korean civil society on politics since democratization. Weak mediating institutions prevent the systematic inclusion of societal actors in the policymaking process, pitting an increasingly strengthened civil society against the state. Consequently, Korean state-society relations continue to remain contentious, posing challenges to democratic governance.

State, Civil Society and International Norms: Expanding the Political and Labor Rights of Foreigners in South Korea

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Foreign Worker ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Interethnic Marriages

This paper examines the dynamic role of the state, civil society groups and international conventions in expanding the rights of foreigners in South Korea. While recent scholarship on international migration reflects a growing gap between post-national and state-centered theories, the South Korean case illustrates the dynamic interplay of actors involved in major policy developments concerning interethnic marriages, citizenship, and the temporary foreign worker program. Although the challenges of adopting additional UN and ILO Conventions remain, the passage of the Nationality Act and the Employment Permit System reflects a steady expansion of political and labor rights for foreigners. The increasing number of foreigners marrying Koreans and the strong prospect of long-term dependence on foreign workers accentuate even more the significance of these changes. This paper shows that the expansion of foreigner rights depends on the liberal position of the state, the organizational strength of NGOs, and the system of checks-and-balances structurally embedded in the way the state parties and NGOs cooperate in implementing international instruments.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Roles and Challenges of Civil Society Organizations on the Process of Democratic Consolidation of Nigeria’s Fourth Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Musa Kabir Umar
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Democratic Principles

organizations (CSOs) in the democratic consolidation of Nigeria. As the third sector, civil Society is known to be at the forefront in the democratization process for quite a long period of time, but their contributions are continuously being relegated especially by the state who viewed them with negative lenses particularly when they are opposed to their conducts. The paper had therefore tried to examine three civil society organizations namely Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD), Alliances for Credible Elections (ACE) and Stakeholder Democracy Network (SDN). Methodology: It achieved this objective by using a qualitative semi-structured face to face interviews supported with secondary sources of data. Nvivo 12 software was used in coding, categorization and general management of data. Results: The study revealed that CSOs in Nigeria have promoted the reliability of election by observing every phase of the country’s electoral process. Indeed, the CSOs have promoted democratic principles of civic participation, political engagement and tolerance among some political parties thereby advancing democratic consolidation in the polity. They have also stimulated policy changes in some crucial socio-economic policies. Again, the study revealed that CSOs faced economic problems which seriously distresses their operations and sustainability especially inability to extend into rural areas. It has also shown donor organization influence on the organizations which encroach their ideological base. Implications: The paper concluded by suggesting that the civil society must devise a means of economic survival as well as further strengthen their capacity through training and retraining to fully understand how governments operate for effective and concrete criticisms that would enhance democratic productivity to the people. Civil society should be allowed to freely ventilate democratically without threats from the state since it inspires governments to be more accountable, transparent, honest and responsive to the public needs, which will make it further win the support of the public hence reinforce its legitimacy.

Democratization and civil society development through the perspectives of Gramsci and Tocqueville in South Korea and Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-384
Author(s):  
Charmaine N Willis
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
World War I ◽  
South Korea ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Second World

The development of a country’s civil society has typically been tied to the development of democracy: a vibrant civil society is indicative of a vibrant democracy. Why, then, has civil society emerged differently in South Korea, a country that democratized fairly recently, and Japan, a country that has been democratic since the end of the Second World War? I argue the origins of democracy in both states significantly contributed to the contrasting characters of civil society. In Japan, top-down democratization facilitated the development of a civil society with a strong link to the state for the majority of the 20th century, best viewed from the perspective of Gramsci. By contrast, the bottom-up democratization process in South Korea fostered a civil society where organizations monitor the state, best understood from the Tocquevillian perspective. Through comparative case analysis, this study endeavors to contribute to the literature on civil society by highlighting the ways in which democratization influences the trajectory of civil society.

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